{"kanda":3,"kandaName":"Araṇya Kāṇḍa","sarga":68,"title":"Kabandha advises friendship with Sugrīva","sentence":"Restored by cremation, he urges a pledge before fire and explains how the two can help each other","portion":"Kabandha and the proposed alliance","sequence":[[{"steps":["The brothers prepare the fire in a mountain cleft, and Lakṣmaṇa kindles the pyre all around (68.1–2)"],"from":1,"to":2,"sarga":68},{"steps":["as Kabandha's great body burns, he rises from it in a radiant form, wearing spotless clothing and a divine garland (68.3–5)"],"from":3,"to":5,"sarga":68},{"steps":["standing in a shining swan-drawn aerial vehicle, he addresses Rāma (68.6–7)"],"from":6,"to":7,"sarga":68},{"steps":["invoking the need for sound policy when one's strength is reduced, he says that an alliance is essential to success (68.8–10)"],"from":8,"to":10,"sarga":68},{"steps":["he names Sugrīva, driven out by his brother Vālin and now living with four companions on Ṛṣyamūka beside Pampā (68.11–12)"],"from":11,"to":12,"sarga":68},{"steps":["Rāma should pledge friendship before a fire (68.13)"],"from":13,"to":13,"sarga":68},{"steps":["Kabandha describes Sugrīva as grateful, capable, courageous, and himself in need of help, so that each can aid the other (68.14–16)"],"from":14,"to":16,"sarga":68},{"steps":["he urges Rāma to lay down his weapon and approach peacefully","Sugrīva knows the world's regions and the haunts of the rākṣasas (68.17–19)"],"from":17,"to":19,"sarga":68},{"steps":["Sugrīva can send monkeys searching in every direction, through mountains, rivers, and caves, and help recover Sītā wherever she has been taken (68.20–22)."],"from":20,"to":22,"sarga":68}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"3.068.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evam uktau tu tau vīrau kabandhena nareśvarau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"giripradaram āsādya pāvakaṃ visasarjatuḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Thus addressed by Kabandha, the two heroic lords of men, reaching a mountain-cleft, set a fire ablaze.","w":[["evam","thus"],["uktau","addressed (dual)"],["tu","and"],["tau","the two"],["vīrau","heroes (dual)"],["kabandhena","by Kabandha"],["nareśvarau","lords of men (dual)","",[["nara","man"],["īśvara","lord"]]],["giripradaram","a mountain-cleft","",[["giri","mountain"],["pradara","cleft, chasm"]]],["āsādya","having reached"],["pāvakaṃ","fire"],["visasarjatuḥ","the two set loose, kindled"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"3.068.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"lakṣmaṇas tu maholkābhir jvalitābhiḥ samantataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"citām ādīpayām āsa sā prajajvāla sarvataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"And Lakṣmaṇa, with great blazing firebrands, kindled the pyre all around; it blazed up on every side.","w":[["lakṣmaṇas","Lakṣmaṇa","lakṣmaṇaḥ"],["tu","and"],["maholkābhir","with great firebrands","maholkābhiḥ",[["mahā","great"],["ulkā","firebrand, meteor"]]],["jvalitābhiḥ","blazing"],["samantataḥ","on all sides"],["citām","the pyre"],["ādīpayām āsa","kindled, set alight"],["sā","it (the pyre)"],["prajajvāla","blazed up"],["sarvataḥ","on every side"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"3.068.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tac charīraṃ kabandhasya ghṛtapiṇḍopamaṃ mahat","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"medasā pacyamānasya mandaṃ dahati pāvaka","q":null}],"tr":"That great body of Kabandha, resembling a lump of ghee, being cooked in its fat, the fire burned slowly.","w":[["tac","that","tat"],["charīraṃ","body","śarīraṃ"],["kabandhasya","of Kabandha"],["ghṛtapiṇḍopamaṃ","resembling a lump of ghee","ghṛtapiṇḍa-upamaṃ",[["ghṛta","ghee, clarified butter"],["piṇḍa","lump, ball"],["upama","resembling"]]],["mahat","great"],["medasā","with fat"],["pacyamānasya","being cooked (gen.)"],["mandaṃ","slowly"],["dahati","burns"],["pāvaka","the fire","pāvakaḥ"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"3.068.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa vidhūya citām āśu vidhūmo 'gnir ivotthitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"araje vāsasī vibhran mālāṃ divyāṃ mahābalaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Shaking off the pyre swiftly, the mighty one rose up like a smokeless flame, wearing a pair of dustless garments and a divine garland.","w":[["sa","he"],["vidhūya","having shaken off"],["citām","the pyre"],["āśu","swiftly"],["vidhūmo","smokeless","vidhūmaḥ",[["vi","without"],["dhūma","smoke"]]],["'gnir","fire","agniḥ"],["ivotthitaḥ","risen up, as if","iva utthitaḥ"],["araje","dustless (dual)","",[["a-","without"],["rajas","dust"]]],["vāsasī","the two garments"],["vibhran","wearing, bearing","vibhrat"],["mālāṃ","a garland"],["divyāṃ","divine"],["mahābalaḥ","the mighty one","",[["mahā","great"],["bala","strength"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"3.068.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tataś citāyā vegena bhāsvaro virajāmbaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"utpapātāśu saṃhṛṣṭaḥ sarvapratyaṅgabhūṣaṇaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Then from the pyre, with speed, radiant, clad in spotless raiment, adorned on every limb, he sprang up swiftly, full of joy.","w":[["tataś","then","tataḥ"],["citāyā","from the pyre"],["vegena","with speed"],["bhāsvaro","radiant, shining","bhāsvaraḥ"],["virajāmbaraḥ","in spotless garments","",[["viraja","spotless, dustless"],["ambara","garment"]]],["utpapātāśu","sprang up swiftly","utpapāta āśu"],["saṃhṛṣṭaḥ","delighted, joyful"],["sarvapratyaṅgabhūṣaṇaḥ","adorned on every limb","",[["sarva","all"],["pratyaṅga","each limb"],["bhūṣaṇa","ornament"]]]]},{"v":6,"ref":"3.068.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vimāne bhāsvare tiṣṭhan haṃsayukte yaśaskare","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prabhayā ca mahātejā diśo daśa virājayan","q":null}],"tr":"Standing in a radiant, glory-conferring aerial car yoked with swans, of great splendor, illuminating the ten directions with his radiance,","w":[["vimāne","in the aerial car"],["bhāsvare","radiant"],["tiṣṭhan","standing"],["haṃsayukte","yoked with swans","",[["haṃsa","swan, goose"],["yukta","yoked"]]],["yaśaskare","glory-conferring","",[["yaśas","glory"],["kara","making"]]],["prabhayā","with radiance"],["ca","and"],["mahātejā","of great splendor","mahātejāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["tejas","splendor, energy"]]],["diśo","the directions","diśaḥ"],["daśa","ten"],["virājayan","illuminating, making shine"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"3.068.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"so 'ntarikṣagato rāmaṃ kabandho vākyam abravīt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śṛṇu rāghava tattvena yathā sīmām avāpsyasi","q":null}],"tr":"Kabandha, moving through the sky, spoke these words to Rāma: “Listen truly, Rāghava, how you will reach your goal.","w":[["so 'ntarikṣagato","he, gone into the sky","saḥ antarikṣagataḥ",[["antarikṣa","sky, mid-air"],["gata","gone"]]],["rāmaṃ","to Rāma"],["kabandho","Kabandha","kabandhaḥ"],["vākyam","words"],["abravīt","spoke"],["śṛṇu","listen!"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["tattvena","truly, in truth"],["yathā","how, in what way"],["sīmām","the goal, the bound (of your quest)"],["avāpsyasi","you will attain"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"3.068.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rāma ṣaḍ yuktayo loke yābhiḥ sarvaṃ vimṛśyate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"parimṛṣṭo daśāntena daśābhāgena sevyate","q":null}],"tr":"“Rāma, there are six expedients in the world by which everything is weighed; one worn down to the end of his plight is attended by (even) a tenth part of relief.","w":[["rāma","O Rāma"],["ṣaḍ","six"],["yuktayo","expedients, stratagems","yuktayaḥ"],["loke","in the world"],["yābhiḥ","by which (fem. pl.)"],["sarvaṃ","everything"],["vimṛśyate","is weighed, deliberated"],["parimṛṣṭo","worn down, afflicted","parimṛṣṭaḥ"],["daśāntena","by the end of (one's) plight","daśa-antena",[["daśā","condition, plight"],["anta","end"]]],["daśābhāgena","by a tenth part","daśa-bhāgena",[["daśa","ten"],["bhāga","part"]]],["sevyate","is attended, served"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"3.068.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"daśābhāgagato hīnas tvaṃ rāma sahalakṣmaṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yat kṛte vyasanaṃ prāptaṃ tvayā dārapradharṣaṇam","q":null}],"tr":"“Reduced to a tenth part and brought low are you, Rāma, together with Lakṣmaṇa — you on whose account calamity has come, the violation of your wife.","w":[["daśābhāgagato","come to a tenth portion","daśābhāgagataḥ",[["daśa","ten"],["bhāga","part"],["gata","gone to"]]],["hīnas","diminished, brought low","hīnaḥ"],["tvaṃ","you"],["rāma","O Rāma"],["sahalakṣmaṇaḥ","together with Lakṣmaṇa","",[["saha","with"],["lakṣmaṇa","Lakṣmaṇa"]]],["yat kṛte","on account of which","yat kṛte"],["vyasanaṃ","calamity, misfortune"],["prāptaṃ","reached, obtained"],["tvayā","by you"],["dārapradharṣaṇam","the violation of your wife","",[["dāra","wife"],["pradharṣaṇa","assault, violation"]]]]},{"v":10,"ref":"3.068.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad avaśyaṃ tvayā kāryaḥ sa suhṛt suhṛdāṃ vara","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"akṛtvā na hi te siddhim ahaṃ paśyāmi cintayan","q":null}],"tr":"“Therefore you must without fail make him your friend, O best of friends; for, reflecting, I do not see success for you without doing this.","w":[["tad","therefore","tat"],["avaśyaṃ","without fail, necessarily"],["tvayā","by you"],["kāryaḥ","to be made"],["sa","he, that one"],["suhṛt","friend, ally"],["suhṛdāṃ","of friends"],["vara","O best"],["akṛtvā","without doing"],["na","not"],["hi","for, indeed"],["te","for you"],["siddhim","success, accomplishment"],["ahaṃ","I"],["paśyāmi","see"],["cintayan","reflecting, pondering"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"3.068.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śrūyatāṃ rāma vakṣyāmi sugrīvo nāma vānaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhrātrā nirastaḥ kruddhena vālinā śakrasūnunā","q":null}],"tr":"“Listen, Rāma, I will tell you: there is a monkey named Sugrīva, cast out by his angry brother Vālin, the son of Śakra.","w":[["śrūyatāṃ","let it be heard"],["rāma","O Rāma"],["vakṣyāmi","I will tell"],["sugrīvo","Sugrīva","sugrīvaḥ"],["nāma","by name"],["vānaraḥ","a monkey"],["bhrātrā","by his brother"],["nirastaḥ","cast out, expelled"],["kruddhena","angry"],["vālinā","by Vālin"],["śakrasūnunā","the son of Śakra","",[["śakra","Śakra, Indra"],["sūnu","son"]]]]},{"v":12,"ref":"3.068.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ṛṣyamūke girivare pampāparyantaśobhite","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nivasaty ātmavān vīraś caturbhiḥ saha vānaraiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“On the excellent mountain Ṛṣyamūka, made beautiful by the borders of Pampā, the self-possessed hero dwells with four monkeys.","w":[["ṛṣyamūke","on Ṛṣyamūka"],["girivare","on the best of mountains","",[["giri","mountain"],["vara","best"]]],["pampāparyantaśobhite","made beautiful by the borders of Pampā","",[["pampā","Lake Pampā"],["paryanta","border, edge"],["śobhita","adorned, beautiful"]]],["nivasaty","dwells","nivasati"],["ātmavān","self-possessed, resolute"],["vīraś","hero","vīraḥ"],["caturbhiḥ","with four"],["saha","together with"],["vānaraiḥ","monkeys"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"3.068.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vayasyaṃ taṃ kuru kṣipram ito gatvādya rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"adrohāya samāgamya dīpyamāne vibhāvasau","q":null}],"tr":"“Go there quickly today from here, O Rāghava, and make him your friend, meeting him before the blazing fire as a pledge of good faith.","w":[["vayasyaṃ","friend, companion"],["taṃ","him"],["kuru","make!"],["kṣipram","quickly"],["ito","from here","itaḥ"],["gatvādya","having gone today","gatvā adya"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["adrohāya","for non-betrayal, good faith","",[["a-","non-"],["droha","treachery"]]],["samāgamya","having met, come together"],["dīpyamāne","blazing (loc.)"],["vibhāvasau","the fire (loc.)"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"3.068.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na ca te so 'vamantavyaḥ sugrīvo vānarādhipaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kṛtajñaḥ kāmarūpī ca sahāyārthī ca vīryavān","q":null}],"tr":"“And that Sugrīva, lord of monkeys, is not to be despised by you — grateful, able to take any form at will, seeking an ally, and valorous.","w":[["na","not"],["ca","and"],["te","by you"],["so","he, that","saḥ"],["'vamantavyaḥ","to be despised","avamantavyaḥ"],["sugrīvo","Sugrīva","sugrīvaḥ"],["vānarādhipaḥ","lord of monkeys","",[["vānara","monkey"],["adhipa","lord"]]],["kṛtajñaḥ","grateful","",[["kṛta","done"],["jña","knowing"]]],["kāmarūpī","taking any form at will","",[["kāma","will, desire"],["rūpin","having form"]]],["ca","and"],["sahāyārthī","seeking an ally","sahāya-arthī",[["sahāya","companion, helper"],["arthin","seeking"]]],["ca","and"],["vīryavān","valorous, mighty","",[["vīrya","valor"],["-vat","possessing"]]]]},{"v":15,"ref":"3.068.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śaktau hy adya yuvāṃ kartuṃ kāryaṃ tasya cikīrṣitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kṛtārtho vākṛtārtho vā kṛtyaṃ tava kariṣyati","q":null}],"tr":"“For you two are able today to accomplish the task he wishes done; whether his own aim be achieved or not, he will do your work.","w":[["śaktau","able (dual)"],["hy","for, indeed","hi"],["adya","today"],["yuvāṃ","you two"],["kartuṃ","to do, accomplish"],["kāryaṃ","the task"],["tasya","his"],["cikīrṣitam","desired to be done"],["kṛtārtho","one whose aim is achieved","kṛtārthaḥ",[["kṛta","done"],["artha","aim, purpose"]]],["vākṛtārtho","or one whose aim is unachieved","vā akṛtārthaḥ",[["a-","not"],["kṛta","done"],["artha","aim"]]],["vā","or"],["kṛtyaṃ","work, task"],["tava","your"],["kariṣyati","will do"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"3.068.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa ṛkṣarajasaḥ putraḥ pampām aṭati śaṅkitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhāskarasyaurasaḥ putro vālinā kṛtakilbiṣaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“He, the son of Ṛkṣarajas, roams about Pampā in fear — the true-born son of the Sun, wronged by Vālin.","w":[["sa","he"],["ṛkṣarajasaḥ","of Ṛkṣarajas"],["putraḥ","son"],["pampām","Pampā"],["aṭati","roams, wanders"],["śaṅkitaḥ","fearful, apprehensive"],["bhāskarasyaurasaḥ","the true-born (son) of the Sun","bhāskarasya aurasaḥ",[["bhāskara","the Sun"],["aurasa","legitimate, own-begotten"]]],["putro","son","putraḥ"],["vālinā","by Vālin"],["kṛtakilbiṣaḥ","one against whom wrong was done","",[["kṛta","done"],["kilbiṣa","offense, wrong"]]]]},{"v":17,"ref":"3.068.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"saṃnidhāyāyudhaṃ kṣipram ṛṣyamūkālayaṃ kapim","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kuru rāghava satyena vayasyaṃ vanacāriṇam","q":null}],"tr":"“Laying down your weapon at once, O Rāghava, make the monkey whose home is Ṛṣyamūka, that forest-ranger, your friend in good faith.","w":[["saṃnidhāyāyudhaṃ","having laid down the weapon","saṃnidhāya āyudhaṃ",[["āyudha","weapon"]]],["kṣipram","quickly, at once"],["ṛṣyamūkālayaṃ","whose abode is Ṛṣyamūka","ṛṣyamūka-ālayaṃ",[["ṛṣyamūka","Mount Ṛṣyamūka"],["ālaya","abode"]]],["kapim","the monkey"],["kuru","make!"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["satyena","in truth, good faith"],["vayasyaṃ","friend, companion"],["vanacāriṇam","the forest-ranger","",[["vana","forest"],["cārin","roaming"]]]]},{"v":18,"ref":"3.068.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa hi sthānāni sarvāṇi kārtsnyena kapikuñjaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"naramāṃsāśināṃ loke naipuṇyād adhigacchati","q":null}],"tr":"“For that elephant among monkeys, through his skill, knows thoroughly all the haunts in the world of the eaters of human flesh.","w":[["sa","he"],["hi","for, indeed"],["sthānāni","the places, haunts"],["sarvāṇi","all"],["kārtsnyena","entirely, thoroughly"],["kapikuñjaraḥ","elephant among monkeys","",[["kapi","monkey"],["kuñjara","elephant"]]],["naramāṃsāśināṃ","of the eaters of human flesh","",[["nara","man"],["māṃsa","flesh"],["aśin","eating"]]],["loke","in the world"],["naipuṇyād","through skill","naipuṇyāt"],["adhigacchati","reaches, finds out, knows"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"3.068.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na tasyāviditaṃ loke kiṃ cid asti hi rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yāvat sūryaḥ pratapati sahasrāṃśur ariṃdama","q":null}],"tr":"“There is nothing at all in the world unknown to him, O Rāghava, as far as the thousand-rayed Sun shines, O tamer of foes.","w":[["na","not"],["tasyāviditaṃ","unknown to him","tasya aviditaṃ",[["a-","not"],["vidita","known"]]],["loke","in the world"],["kiṃ cid","anything"],["asti","there is"],["hi","for, indeed"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["yāvat","as far as"],["sūryaḥ","the Sun"],["pratapati","shines, radiates heat"],["sahasrāṃśur","thousand-rayed","sahasrāṃśuḥ",[["sahasra","thousand"],["aṃśu","ray"]]],["ariṃdama","O tamer of foes","",[["ari","enemy"],["dama","subduer, tamer"]]]]},{"v":20,"ref":"3.068.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa nadīr vipulāñ śailān giridurgāṇi kandarān","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anviṣya vānaraiḥ sārdhaṃ patnīṃ te 'dhigamiṣyati","q":null}],"tr":"“Searching rivers, vast mountains, mountain-fastnesses, and caverns together with his monkeys, he will find your wife.","w":[["sa","he"],["nadīr","rivers","nadīḥ"],["vipulāñ","vast","vipulān"],["śailān","mountains"],["giridurgāṇi","mountain-fastnesses","",[["giri","mountain"],["durga","fastness, stronghold"]]],["kandarān","caverns, grottoes"],["anviṣya","having searched"],["vānaraiḥ","with the monkeys"],["sārdhaṃ","together with"],["patnīṃ","wife"],["te","your"],["'dhigamiṣyati","will find, discover","adhigamiṣyati"]]},{"v":21,"ref":"3.068.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vānarāṃś ca mahākāyān preṣayiṣyati rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"diśo vicetuṃ tāṃ sītāṃ tvadviyogena śocatīm","q":null}],"tr":"“And he will send forth monkeys of huge body, O Rāghava, to search the quarters for that Sītā, who grieves at separation from you.","w":[["vānarāṃś","monkeys","vānarān"],["ca","and"],["mahākāyān","of huge body","",[["mahā","great"],["kāya","body"]]],["preṣayiṣyati","will send forth"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["diśo","the quarters, directions","diśaḥ"],["vicetuṃ","to search"],["tāṃ","that"],["sītāṃ","Sītā"],["tvadviyogena","by separation from you","",[["tvat","you"],["viyoga","separation"]]],["śocatīm","grieving (fem.)"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"3.068.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa meruśṛṅgāgragatām aninditāṃ praviśya pātālatale 'pi vāśritām","q":["sa meruśṛṅgāgragatām aninditāṃ","praviśya pātālatale 'pi vāśritām"]},{"p":"c","t":"plavaṃgamānāṃ pravaras tava priyāṃ nihatya rakṣāṃsi punaḥ pradāsyati","q":["plavaṃgamānāṃ pravaras tava priyāṃ","nihatya rakṣāṃsi punaḥ pradāsyati"]}],"tr":"That foremost of monkeys — even should your blameless beloved have gone to the summit of Mount Meru, or entered and taken refuge in the depths of the underworld — will slay the rākṣasas and restore her to you.","w":[["sa","he, that"],["meruśṛṅgāgragatām","gone to the summit-peak of Meru","meruśṛṅgāgra-gatām",[["meru","Mount Meru"],["śṛṅga","peak"],["agra","tip"],["gata","gone"]]],["aninditāṃ","the blameless (fem.)","",[["a-","not"],["nindita","blamed"]]],["praviśya","having entered"],["pātālatale","in the depths of the underworld","pātālatale",[["pātāla","underworld, nether region"],["tala","floor, depth"]]],["'pi","even","api"],["vāśritām","or having taken refuge","vā āśritām",[["āśrita","resorted to, sheltered"]]],["plavaṃgamānāṃ","of the monkeys","",[["plavaṃgama","monkey (going by leaps)"]]],["pravaras","the foremost, best","pravaraḥ"],["tava","your"],["priyāṃ","beloved"],["nihatya","having slain"],["rakṣāṃsi","the rākṣasas"],["punaḥ","again, back"],["pradāsyati","will restore, give back"]]}]}