{"kanda":3,"kandaName":"Araṇya Kāṇḍa","sarga":39,"title":"Mārīca’s final warning","sentence":"He condemns advisers who fail to restrain a destructive ruler and predicts that the abduction will kill them both and ruin Laṅkā","portion":"The abduction plan and Mārīca’s warnings","sequence":[[{"steps":["Mārīca asks who has advised Rāvaṇa into this trap and suggests that such advice serves his enemies (39.1–5)"],"from":1,"to":5,"sarga":39},{"steps":["he condemns ministers who fail to restrain a ruler on a destructive course, because the ruler's failure ruins everyone dependent on him (39.6–14)"],"from":6,"to":14,"sarga":39},{"steps":["he predicts destruction for the rākṣasas under Rāvaṇa's leadership (39.15–16)"],"from":15,"to":16,"sarga":39},{"steps":["expecting Rāma to kill him, he says at least he will die at an enemy's hands","Rāvaṇa should regard his own death and that of his relatives as equally certain once he takes Sītā (39.17–18)"],"from":17,"to":18,"sarga":39},{"steps":["Mārīca concludes that the scheme will destroy both of them, Laṅkā, and its people, but recognizes that Rāvaṇa will not listen (39.19–20)."],"from":19,"to":20,"sarga":39}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"3.039.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ājñapto rājavad vākyaṃ pratikūlaṃ niśācaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"abravīt paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ mārīco rākṣasādhipam","q":null}],"tr":"Commanded in kingly fashion with those adverse words, the night-ranger Mārīca spoke harsh words to the lord of rākṣasas:","w":[["ājñapto","commanded","ājñaptaḥ"],["rājavad","in kingly fashion","rājavat"],["vākyaṃ","word"],["pratikūlaṃ","adverse, disagreeable"],["niśācaraḥ","the night-ranger","",[["niśā","night"],["cara","roaming"]]],["abravīt","spoke"],["paruṣaṃ","harsh"],["vākyaṃ","word"],["mārīco","Mārīca","mārīcaḥ"],["rākṣasādhipam","to the lord of rākṣasas","",[["rākṣasa","rākṣasa"],["adhipa","lord"]]]]},{"v":2,"ref":"3.039.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kenāyam upadiṣṭas te vināśaḥ pāpakarmaṇā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"saputrasya sarāṣṭrasya sāmātyasya niśācara","q":null}],"tr":"By what evil-doer was this destruction of you counselled—of you together with your sons, your kingdom, and your ministers, O night-ranger?","w":[["kenāyam","by whom this","kena ayam"],["upadiṣṭas","counselled, pointed out","upadiṣṭaḥ"],["te","to, for you"],["vināśaḥ","destruction"],["pāpakarmaṇā","by an evil-doer","",[["pāpa","evil"],["karman","deed"]]],["saputrasya","together with your sons","",[["sa","with"],["putra","son"]]],["sarāṣṭrasya","with your kingdom","",[["sa","with"],["rāṣṭra","kingdom"]]],["sāmātyasya","with your ministers","",[["sa","with"],["amātya","minister"]]],["niśācara","O night-ranger"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"3.039.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kas tvayā sukhinā rājan nābhinandati pāpakṛt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kenedam upadiṣṭaṃ te mṛtyudvāram upāyataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Which evil-doer, O king, does not rejoice at your (ruin, while you rest) content? By whom has this gateway to death been craftily pointed out to you?","w":[["kas","who","kaḥ"],["tvayā sukhinā","at you (being) happy, content"],["rājan","O king"],["nābhinandati","does not rejoice","na abhinandati"],["pāpakṛt","evil-doer","",[["pāpa","evil"],["kṛt","doer"]]],["kenedam","by whom this","kena idam"],["upadiṣṭaṃ","pointed out, taught"],["te","to you"],["mṛtyudvāram","the door of death","",[["mṛtyu","death"],["dvāra","door, gate"]]],["upāyataḥ","by a stratagem, cunningly"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"3.039.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śatravas tava suvyaktaṃ hīnavīryā niśācara","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"icchanti tvāṃ vinaśyantam uparuddhaṃ balīyasā","q":null}],"tr":"Clearly, O night-ranger, your enemies of feeble strength wish you to perish, checked (as you will be) by one mightier than you.","w":[["śatravas","enemies","śatravaḥ"],["tava","your"],["suvyaktaṃ","clearly","",[["su","well"],["vyakta","manifest"]]],["hīnavīryā","of feeble strength","hīnavīryāḥ",[["hīna","deficient"],["vīrya","strength"]]],["niśācara","O night-ranger"],["icchanti","wish"],["tvāṃ","you"],["vinaśyantam","perishing"],["uparuddhaṃ","checked, obstructed"],["balīyasā","by a stronger (one)"]]},{"v":5,"ref":"3.039.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kenedam upadiṣṭaṃ te kṣudreṇāhitavādinā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yas tvām icchati naśyantaṃ svakṛtena niśācara","q":null}],"tr":"By what mean, ill-speaking one was this counselled to you—one who wishes you to perish by your own deed, O night-ranger?","w":[["kenedam","by whom this","kena idam"],["upadiṣṭaṃ","counselled"],["te","to you"],["kṣudreṇāhitavādinā","by a mean, ill-speaking one","kṣudreṇa ahitavādinā",[["kṣudra","mean, base"],["ahita","harmful"],["vādin","speaking"]]],["yas","who","yaḥ"],["tvām","you"],["icchati","wishes"],["naśyantaṃ","perishing"],["svakṛtena","by your own deed","",[["sva","own"],["kṛta","deed"]]],["niśācara","O night-ranger"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"3.039.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vadhyāḥ khalu na hanyante sacivās tava rāvaṇa","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ye tvām utpatham ārūḍhaṃ na nigṛhṇanti sarvaśaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Truly your ministers deserve death yet go unpunished, Rāvaṇa—those who do not by every means restrain you when you have taken to the wrong path.","w":[["vadhyāḥ","deserving death, to be slain"],["khalu","indeed"],["na hanyante","are not slain (go unpunished)"],["sacivās","the ministers","sacivāḥ"],["tava","your"],["rāvaṇa","O Rāvaṇa"],["ye","who"],["tvām","you"],["utpatham","onto the wrong path","",[["ut","away, wrong"],["patha","path"]]],["ārūḍhaṃ","mounted, taken to"],["na nigṛhṇanti","do not restrain"],["sarvaśaḥ","by every means"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"3.039.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"amātyaiḥ kāmavṛtto hi rājā kāpatham āśritaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nigrāhyaḥ sarvathā sadbhir na nigrāhyo nigṛhyase","q":null}],"tr":"For a self-willed king who has taken to an evil road ought by all means to be restrained by good ministers; but you, though deserving restraint, go unrestrained.","w":[["amātyaiḥ","by ministers"],["kāmavṛtto","self-willed","kāmavṛttaḥ",[["kāma","desire"],["vṛtta","conduct"]]],["hi","for"],["rājā","king"],["kāpatham","an evil path","",[["kā","bad"],["patha","path"]]],["āśritaḥ","having resorted to"],["nigrāhyaḥ","to be restrained"],["sarvathā","by all means"],["sadbhir","by the good","sadbhiḥ"],["na nigrāhyo","(you) not to be restrained","na nigrāhyaḥ"],["nigṛhyase","you are (not) restrained"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"3.039.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dharmam arthaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca yaśaś ca jayatāṃ vara","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"svāmiprasādāt sacivāḥ prāpnuvanti niśācara","q":null}],"tr":"Righteousness, wealth, pleasure, and fame, O best of conquerors, ministers obtain through the favour of their master, O night-ranger.","w":[["dharmam","righteousness"],["arthaṃ ca","and wealth"],["kāmaṃ ca","and pleasure"],["yaśaś ca","and fame","yaśaḥ ca"],["jayatāṃ vara","O best of conquerors","",[["jayat","conquering"],["vara","best"]]],["svāmiprasādāt","through the favour of the master","",[["svāmin","master, lord"],["prasāda","favour, grace"]]],["sacivāḥ","ministers"],["prāpnuvanti","obtain"],["niśācara","O night-ranger"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"3.039.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"viparyaye tu tat sarvaṃ vyarthaṃ bhavati rāvaṇa","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vyasanaṃ svāmivaiguṇyāt prāpnuvantītare janāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"But in the reverse case all that becomes vain, Rāvaṇa; through the master's fault other people meet with disaster.","w":[["viparyaye tu","but in the reverse (case)"],["tat sarvaṃ","all that"],["vyarthaṃ","vain, useless","",[["vi","without"],["artha","purpose"]]],["bhavati","becomes"],["rāvaṇa","O Rāvaṇa"],["vyasanaṃ","calamity, disaster"],["svāmivaiguṇyāt","through the master's fault","",[["svāmin","master"],["vaiguṇya","fault, deficiency"]]],["prāpnuvantītare","the other (people) obtain","prāpnuvanti itare"],["janāḥ","people"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"3.039.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rājamūlo hi dharmaś ca jayaś ca jayatāṃ vara","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tasmāt sarvāsv avasthāsu rakṣitavyo narādhipaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"For both dharma and victory have the king as their root, O best of conquerors; therefore in all conditions the king must be protected.","w":[["rājamūlo","having the king as root","rājamūlaḥ",[["rāja","king"],["mūla","root"]]],["hi","for"],["dharmaś ca","both dharma","dharmaḥ ca"],["jayaś ca","and victory","jayaḥ ca"],["jayatāṃ vara","O best of conquerors","",[["jayat","conquering"],["vara","best"]]],["tasmāt","therefore"],["sarvāsv avasthāsu","in all conditions","sarvāsu avasthāsu"],["rakṣitavyo","to be protected","rakṣitavyaḥ"],["narādhipaḥ","the king","",[["nara","man"],["adhipa","lord"]]]]},{"v":11,"ref":"3.039.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rājyaṃ pālayituṃ śakyaṃ na tīkṣṇena niśācara","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na cāpi pratikūlena nāvinītena rākṣasa","q":null}],"tr":"A kingdom cannot be governed by a harsh (king), O night-ranger, nor by a perverse one, nor by an undisciplined one, O rākṣasa.","w":[["rājyaṃ","kingdom"],["pālayituṃ","to govern"],["śakyaṃ","possible"],["na tīkṣṇena","not by a harsh (one)"],["niśācara","O night-ranger"],["na cāpi","nor also","na ca api"],["pratikūlena","by a perverse, contrary one"],["nāvinītena","nor by an undisciplined one","na avinītena",[["a","not"],["vinīta","disciplined, trained"]]],["rākṣasa","O rākṣasa"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"3.039.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ye tīkṣṇamantrāḥ sacivā bhajyante saha tena vai","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"viṣameṣu rathāḥ śīghraṃ mandasārathayo yathā","q":null}],"tr":"Ministers of harsh counsel are broken along with him (the king), just as chariots with poor charioteers are swiftly wrecked on rough ground.","w":[["ye","who"],["tīkṣṇamantrāḥ","of harsh counsel","",[["tīkṣṇa","harsh, sharp"],["mantra","counsel"]]],["sacivā","ministers","sacivāḥ"],["bhajyante","are broken"],["saha tena","along with him"],["vai","indeed"],["viṣameṣu","on rough (ground)"],["rathāḥ","chariots"],["śīghraṃ","swiftly"],["mandasārathayo","with poor charioteers","mandasārathayaḥ",[["manda","slow, poor"],["sārathi","charioteer"]]],["yathā","as"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"3.039.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bahavaḥ sādhavo loke yuktadharmam anuṣṭhitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pareṣām aparādhena vinaṣṭāḥ saparicchadāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Many virtuous men in the world, who followed the prescribed dharma, have perished with all their belongings through the offence of others.","w":[["bahavaḥ","many"],["sādhavo","virtuous men","sādhavaḥ"],["loke","in the world"],["yuktadharmam","the prescribed dharma","",[["yukta","fitting, prescribed"],["dharma","duty, righteousness"]]],["anuṣṭhitāḥ","who practised, followed"],["pareṣām","of others"],["aparādhena","through the offence","",[["apa","away, wrong"],["rādha","accomplishment"]]],["vinaṣṭāḥ","perished"],["saparicchadāḥ","with their belongings, retinue","",[["sa","with"],["paricchada","belongings, retinue"]]]]},{"v":14,"ref":"3.039.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"svāminā pratikūlena prajās tīkṣṇena rāvaṇa","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rakṣyamāṇā na vardhante meṣā gomāyunā yathā","q":null}],"tr":"Guarded by a perverse and harsh master, Rāvaṇa, subjects do not thrive, like sheep guarded by a jackal.","w":[["svāminā","by a master"],["pratikūlena","perverse"],["prajās","subjects","prajāḥ"],["tīkṣṇena","harsh"],["rāvaṇa","O Rāvaṇa"],["rakṣyamāṇā","being guarded","rakṣyamāṇāḥ"],["na vardhante","do not thrive"],["meṣā","sheep","meṣāḥ"],["gomāyunā","by a jackal"],["yathā","as"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"3.039.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"avaśyaṃ vinaśiṣyanti sarve rāvaṇarākṣasāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yeṣāṃ tvaṃ karkaśo rājā durbuddhir ajitendriyaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Assuredly all the rākṣasas of Rāvaṇa will perish—those whose king you are, harsh, of evil mind, and with unsubdued senses.","w":[["avaśyaṃ","assuredly"],["vinaśiṣyanti","will perish"],["sarve","all"],["rāvaṇarākṣasāḥ","the rākṣasas of Rāvaṇa","",[["rāvaṇa","Rāvaṇa"],["rākṣasa","rākṣasa"]]],["yeṣāṃ","of whom"],["tvaṃ","you"],["karkaśo","harsh","karkaśaḥ"],["rājā","king"],["durbuddhir","of evil mind","durbuddhiḥ",[["dus","bad"],["buddhi","mind"]]],["ajitendriyaḥ","with unsubdued senses","",[["a","not"],["jita","conquered"],["indriya","sense"]]]]},{"v":16,"ref":"3.039.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad idaṃ kākatālīyaṃ ghoram āsāditaṃ tvayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"atra kiṃ śobhanaṃ yat tvaṃ sasainyo vinaśiṣyasi","q":null}],"tr":"This terrible disaster, come by mere chance, you have brought upon yourself; what good is there in this—that you, together with your army, shall perish?","w":[["tad idaṃ","this","tat idaṃ"],["kākatālīyaṃ","a chance coincidence (the crow and the palm-fruit)","",[["kāka","crow"],["tāla","palmyra fruit"]]],["ghoram","terrible"],["āsāditaṃ","encountered, come upon"],["tvayā","by you"],["atra","in this"],["kiṃ śobhanaṃ","what good"],["yat","that"],["tvaṃ","you"],["sasainyo","with your army","sasainyaḥ",[["sa","with"],["sainya","army"]]],["vinaśiṣyasi","will perish"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"3.039.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"māṃ nihatya tu rāmo 'sau nacirāt tvāṃ vadhiṣyati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anena kṛtakṛtyo 'smi mriye yad ariṇā hataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"When that Rāma has slain me, he will before long slay you too; by this at least I am fulfilled—that I die slain by an enemy.","w":[["māṃ nihatya","having slain me"],["tu","but"],["rāmo 'sau","that Rāma","rāmaḥ asau"],["nacirāt","before long","na cirāt"],["tvāṃ","you"],["vadhiṣyati","will slay"],["anena","by this"],["kṛtakṛtyo 'smi","I am fulfilled, have gained my end","kṛtakṛtyaḥ asmi",[["kṛta","done"],["kṛtya","that which is to be done"]]],["mriye","I die"],["yad","in that","yat"],["ariṇā","by an enemy"],["hataḥ","slain"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"3.039.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"darśanād eva rāmasya hataṃ mām upadhāraya","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ātmānaṃ ca hataṃ viddhi hṛtvā sītāṃ sabāndhavam","q":null}],"tr":"Regard me as slain at the very sight of Rāma; and once you have carried off Sītā, know yourself, with your kinsmen, as slain.","w":[["darśanād eva","at the very sight","darśanāt eva"],["rāmasya","of Rāma"],["hataṃ","slain"],["mām","me"],["upadhāraya","regard, consider"],["ātmānaṃ ca","and yourself"],["hataṃ","slain"],["viddhi","know"],["hṛtvā sītāṃ","having carried off Sītā"],["sabāndhavam","together with your kinsmen","",[["sa","with"],["bāndhava","kinsman"]]]]},{"v":19,"ref":"3.039.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ānayiṣyāmi cet sītām āśramāt sahito mayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"naiva tvam asi naivāhaṃ naiva laṅkā na rākṣasāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"If I shall bring Sītā from the hermitage together with you, then neither will you exist, nor I, nor Laṅkā, nor the rākṣasas.","w":[["ānayiṣyāmi cet","if I shall bring"],["sītām","Sītā"],["āśramāt","from the hermitage"],["sahito mayā","together with me","sahitaḥ mayā"],["naiva tvam asi","neither will you be","na eva tvam asi"],["naivāhaṃ","nor I","na eva aham"],["naiva laṅkā","nor Laṅkā","na eva laṅkā"],["na rākṣasāḥ","nor the rākṣasas"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"3.039.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nivāryamāṇas tu mayā hitaiṣiṇā na mṛṣyase vākyam idaṃ niśācara","q":["nivāryamāṇas tu mayā hitaiṣiṇā","na mṛṣyase vākyam idaṃ niśācara"]},{"p":"c","t":"paretakalpā hi gatāyuṣo narā hitaṃ na gṛhṇanti suhṛdbhir īritam","q":["paretakalpā hi gatāyuṣo narā","hitaṃ na gṛhṇanti suhṛdbhir īritam"]}],"tr":"Though restrained by me who wish you well, you will not brook this word, O night-ranger; for men whose life is spent, all but dead, do not heed the good counsel urged by their friends.","w":[["nivāryamāṇas","being restrained","nivāryamāṇaḥ"],["tu","but"],["mayā","by me"],["hitaiṣiṇā","who wishes (your) welfare","hita-eṣiṇā",[["hita","welfare"],["eṣin","seeking"]]],["na mṛṣyase","you do not brook, tolerate"],["vākyam idaṃ","this word"],["niśācara","O night-ranger"],["paretakalpā","all but dead, like corpses","paretakalpāḥ",[["pareta","departed, dead"],["kalpa","resembling, almost"]]],["hi","for"],["gatāyuṣo","whose life is gone","gatāyuṣaḥ",[["gata","gone"],["āyus","life"]]],["narā","men","narāḥ"],["hitaṃ","the good (counsel)"],["na gṛhṇanti","do not accept"],["suhṛdbhir","by friends","suhṛdbhiḥ",[["su","good"],["hṛd","heart"]]],["īritam","uttered, urged"]]}]}