{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":98,"title":"Bharata’s appeal and Rāma’s answer","sentence":"Bharata asks him to restore the Kingdom, Rāma teaches the inevitability of loss, separation and death","portion":"The dispute over Kingship and duty","sequence":[[{"steps":["After a sorrowful night, the brothers perform their morning rites and sit together again (98.1–3)"],"from":1,"to":3,"sarga":98},{"steps":["Bharata argues that if the Kingdom was given to him, he can now give it to Rāma","he says the responsibility is too great for him and compares the Kingdom to a breached embankment that only Rāma can repair (98.4–7)"],"from":4,"to":7,"sarga":98},{"steps":["he asks Rāma to let those who depend on him receive the benefit of his abilities and describes the welcome awaiting him in Ayodhyā (98.8–12)"],"from":8,"to":12,"sarga":98},{"steps":["Rāma answers that possessions end in loss, meetings in separation, and life in death (98.13–19)"],"from":13,"to":19,"sarga":98},{"steps":["each day diminishes life, even when people greet the passing days and seasons with joy (98.20–24)"],"from":20,"to":24,"sarga":98},{"steps":["relationships come together and part like pieces of wood meeting at sea; grief cannot reverse death (98.25–30)"],"from":25,"to":30,"sarga":98},{"steps":["he urges Bharata to honor their father's good life by carrying out his instruction, just as he himself will do (98.31–39)."],"from":31,"to":39,"sarga":98}],[{"steps":["Bharata admires Rāma's steadiness but argues that a good son should correct a father's harmful decision","he rejects Kaikeyī's action and asks Rāma to rescue the family and people from its consequences (98.40–55)"],"from":40,"to":55,"sarga":98},{"steps":["he says ruling and maintaining a household are appropriate duties for Rāma at this stage of life","he asks Vasiṣṭha to install Rāma there in the forest and offers once again to stay if Rāma will not return","Rāma remains firm, while the gathering joins Bharata's appeal (98.56–71)."],"from":56,"to":71,"sarga":98}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.098.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tataḥ puruṣasiṃhānāṃ vṛtānāṃ taiḥ suhṛdgaṇaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śocatām eva rajanī duḥkhena vyatyavartata","q":null}],"tr":"Then, for those lions among men, surrounded by their companies of friends, the night passed painfully as they went on grieving.","w":[["tataḥ","then"],["puruṣasiṃhānāṃ","of the lions among men","",[["puruṣa","man"],["siṃha","lion"]]],["vṛtānāṃ","surrounded","vṛtānām"],["taiḥ suhṛdgaṇaiḥ","by those companies of friends","",[["suhṛd","friend"],["gaṇa","group, throng"]]],["śocatām eva","as they were grieving","śocatām"],["rajanī","the night"],["duḥkhena","painfully, with sorrow"],["vyatyavartata","passed away, went by"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.098.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rajanyāṃ suprabhātāyāṃ bhrātaras te suhṛdvṛtāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"mandākinyāṃ hutaṃ japyaṃ kṛtvā rāmam upāgaman","q":null}],"tr":"When the night had brightened into fair dawn, those brothers, surrounded by their friends, having made oblation and muttered prayers on the Mandākinī, approached Rāma.","w":[["rajanyāṃ suprabhātāyāṃ","when the night had dawned fair","rajanyāṃ suprabhātāyāṃ (loc. abs.)",[["su","good, fair"],["prabhāta","daybreak, dawn"]]],["bhrātaras","the brothers","bhrātaraḥ"],["te","those"],["suhṛdvṛtāḥ","surrounded by friends","",[["suhṛd","friend"],["vṛta","surrounded"]]],["mandākinyāṃ","on the Mandākinī (river)"],["hutaṃ","the fire-oblation"],["japyaṃ","the muttered prayer"],["kṛtvā","having made, performed"],["rāmam","Rāma"],["upāgaman","they approached"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.098.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tūṣṇīṃ te samupāsīnā na kaś cit kiṃ cid abravīt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bharatas tu suhṛnmadhye rāmavacanam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"They sat down together in silence; no one said anything. But Bharata, in the midst of the friends, spoke words to Rāma.","w":[["tūṣṇīṃ","silently"],["te","they"],["samupāsīnā","seated together","samupāsīnāḥ"],["na kaś cit","no one","na kaḥ cit"],["kiṃ cid","anything"],["abravīt","said"],["bharatas tu","but Bharata","bharataḥ tu"],["suhṛnmadhye","in the midst of the friends","",[["suhṛd","friend"],["madhya","midst, middle"]]],["rāmavacanam","words to Rāma","",[["rāma","Rāma"],["vacana","speech, words"]]],["abravīt","spoke"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.098.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sāntvitā māmikā mātā dattaṃ rājyam idaṃ mama","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tad dadāmi tavaivāhaṃ bhuṅkṣva rājyam akaṇṭakam","q":null}],"tr":"“My mother has been appeased; this kingdom has been given to me. That very kingdom I give to you alone—enjoy it, free of all opposition.","w":[["sāntvitā","appeased, consoled"],["māmikā","my"],["mātā","mother"],["dattaṃ","given"],["rājyam idaṃ","this kingdom"],["mama","to me"],["tad","that"],["dadāmi","I give"],["tavaivāhaṃ","I ... to you alone","tava eva ahaṃ"],["bhuṅkṣva","enjoy"],["rājyam","the kingdom"],["akaṇṭakam","free of thorns, unopposed","",[["a","without"],["kaṇṭaka","thorn"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.098.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"mahatevāmbuvegena bhinnaḥ setur jalāgame","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"durāvāraṃ tvadanyena rājyakhaṇḍam idaṃ mahat","q":null}],"tr":"Like a dyke breached by a mighty rush of water at the coming of the flood, this vast portion of a realm is hard for anyone but you to hold in check.","w":[["mahatevāmbuvegena","as if by a great force of water","mahatā iva ambuvegena",[["mahat","great"],["ambu","water"],["vega","force, rush"]]],["bhinnaḥ","broken, breached"],["setur","the dyke, dam","setuḥ"],["jalāgame","at the coming of the flood","jala-āgame",[["jala","water"],["āgama","coming, arrival"]]],["durāvāraṃ","hard to hold back","",[["dur","hard, difficult"],["āvāra","restraining, warding"]]],["tvadanyena","by anyone other than you","tvat-anyena",[["tvat","you"],["anya","other"]]],["rājyakhaṇḍam idaṃ","this piece of a kingdom","",[["rājya","kingdom"],["khaṇḍa","piece, portion"]]],["mahat","great, vast"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.098.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gatiṃ khara ivāśvasya tārkṣyasyeva patatriṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anugantuṃ na śaktir me gatiṃ tava mahīpate","q":null}],"tr":"As a donkey cannot match the pace of a horse, or a common bird the flight of Tārkṣya (Garuḍa), so I have no power to follow your course, O lord of the earth.","w":[["gatiṃ","the pace, gait"],["khara","like a donkey","kharaḥ"],["ivāśvasya","as (the pace) of a horse","iva aśvasya"],["tārkṣyasyeva","as of Tārkṣya (Garuḍa)","tārkṣyasya iva"],["patatriṇaḥ","(for) a bird","patatriṇaḥ"],["anugantuṃ","to follow"],["na śaktir me","I have no power","na śaktiḥ me"],["gatiṃ tava","your course"],["mahīpate","O lord of the earth","",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.098.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sujīvaṃ nityaśas tasya yaḥ parair upajīvyate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāma tena tu durjīvaṃ yaḥ parān upajīvati","q":null}],"tr":"Life is always easy for the man on whom others depend; but for him, Rāma, who must depend upon others, life is hard.","w":[["sujīvaṃ","easy living","",[["su","good, easy"],["jīva","living, life"]]],["nityaśas","always","nityaśaḥ"],["tasya","for him"],["yaḥ","who"],["parair","by others","paraiḥ"],["upajīvyate","is depended upon"],["rāma","O Rāma"],["tena tu","but for him"],["durjīvaṃ","hard living","",[["dur","hard, ill"],["jīva","living, life"]]],["yaḥ","who"],["parān","upon others"],["upajīvati","lives dependent"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.098.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yathā tu ropito vṛkṣaḥ puruṣeṇa vivardhitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hrasvakena durāroho rūḍhaskandho mahādrumaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Just as a tree planted and nurtured by a short man becomes a great tree, with grown trunk, hard for him to climb—","w":[["yathā tu","just as"],["ropito","planted","ropitaḥ"],["vṛkṣaḥ","a tree"],["puruṣeṇa","by a man"],["vivardhitaḥ","nurtured, made to grow"],["hrasvakena","by a short one"],["durāroho","hard to climb","durārohaḥ",[["dur","hard"],["āroha","climbing, ascent"]]],["rūḍhaskandho","with grown trunk","rūḍhaskandhaḥ",[["rūḍha","grown, developed"],["skandha","trunk, shoulder"]]],["mahādrumaḥ","a great tree","",[["mahā","great"],["druma","tree"]]]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.098.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa yadā puṣpito bhūtvā phalāni na vidarśayet","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sa tāṃ nānubhavet prītiṃ yasya hetoḥ prabhāvitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"—and when, having come into flower, it should yet show no fruit, the man would not enjoy that reward for the sake of which it was made to grow;","w":[["sa","it"],["yadā","when"],["puṣpito bhūtvā","having come into flower","puṣpitaḥ bhūtvā"],["phalāni","fruits"],["na vidarśayet","should not show, display"],["sa","he"],["tāṃ","that"],["nānubhavet","would not enjoy","na anubhavet"],["prītiṃ","delight, reward"],["yasya hetoḥ","for the sake of which"],["prabhāvitaḥ","it was raised, made to thrive"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.098.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"eṣopamā mahābāho tvam arthaṃ vettum arhasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yadi tvam asmān ṛṣabho bhartā bhṛtyān na śādhi hi","q":null}],"tr":"This is a simile, O mighty-armed one; you ought to grasp its meaning: if you, our bull and lord, do not rule us your dependents [you are like that fruitless tree].","w":[["eṣopamā","this is the simile","eṣā upamā"],["mahābāho","O mighty-armed one","",[["mahā","great"],["bāhu","arm"]]],["tvam","you"],["arthaṃ","the meaning"],["vettum arhasi","ought to understand"],["yadi tvam","if you"],["asmān","us"],["ṛṣabho","(our) bull, chief","ṛṣabhaḥ"],["bhartā","lord, supporter"],["bhṛtyān","(your) dependents"],["na śādhi hi","do not indeed rule"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.098.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śreṇayas tvāṃ mahārāja paśyantv agryāś ca sarvaśaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pratapantam ivādityaṃ rājye sthitam ariṃdamam","q":null}],"tr":"Let the guilds and the foremost citizens on every side behold you, O great king, established in the kingdom, blazing like the sun, O tamer of foes.","w":[["śreṇayas","the guilds","śreṇayaḥ"],["tvāṃ","you"],["mahārāja","O great king","",[["mahā","great"],["rāja","king"]]],["paśyantv","let them behold","paśyantu"],["agryāś ca","and the foremost ones","agryāḥ ca"],["sarvaśaḥ","on every side"],["pratapantam ivādityaṃ","like the blazing sun","pratapantam iva ādityaṃ"],["rājye sthitam","established in the kingdom"],["ariṃdamam","tamer of foes","",[["ari","foe"],["dama","subduing"]]]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.098.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tavānuyāne kākutṣṭha mattā nardantu kuñjarāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"antaḥpura gatā nāryo nandantu susamāhitāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"As you ride in procession, Kākutstha, let the rutting elephants trumpet, and let the women in the inner chambers rejoice, filled with contentment.","w":[["tavānuyāne","in your procession","tava anuyāne",[["anu","after"],["yāna","going, riding"]]],["kākutṣṭha","O Kākutstha"],["mattā","rutting, in must","mattāḥ"],["nardantu","let them trumpet, roar"],["kuñjarāḥ","the elephants"],["antaḥpura gatā","gone to the inner chambers","antaḥpuragatāḥ",[["antaḥpura","inner apartments"],["gata","gone"]]],["nāryo","the women","nāryaḥ"],["nandantu","let them rejoice"],["susamāhitāḥ","well-composed, contented","",[["su","well"],["samāhita","composed, collected"]]]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.098.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tasya sādhv ity amanyanta nāgarā vividhā janāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bharatasya vacaḥ śrutvā rāmaṃ pratyanuyācataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“Good!” thought the townsfolk, the various people, on hearing the speech of Bharata as he entreated Rāma in return.","w":[["tasya","his"],["sādhv ity","“well done”, thus","sādhu iti"],["amanyanta","they thought, approved"],["nāgarā","the townsmen","nāgarāḥ"],["vividhā janāḥ","the various people","vividhāḥ janāḥ"],["bharatasya vacaḥ","Bharata's speech"],["śrutvā","having heard"],["rāmaṃ","Rāma"],["pratyanuyācataḥ","as he entreated in return","pratyanuyācataḥ"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.098.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tam evaṃ duḥkhitaṃ prekṣya vilapantaṃ yaśasvinam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāmaḥ kṛtātmā bharataṃ samāśvāsayad ātmavān","q":null}],"tr":"Seeing the illustrious Bharata thus grieved and lamenting, the self-possessed Rāma, disciplined of soul, consoled him.","w":[["tam","him"],["evaṃ","thus"],["duḥkhitaṃ","grieved"],["prekṣya","having seen"],["vilapantaṃ","lamenting"],["yaśasvinam","the illustrious one"],["rāmaḥ","Rāma"],["kṛtātmā","of disciplined soul","",[["kṛta","made, perfected"],["ātman","soul, self"]]],["bharataṃ","Bharata"],["samāśvāsayad","consoled, reassured","samāśvāsayat"],["ātmavān","self-possessed"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.098.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nātmanaḥ kāmakāro 'sti puruṣo 'yam anīśvaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"itaś cetarataś cainaṃ kṛtāntaḥ parikarṣati","q":null}],"tr":"A man has no power to act as he wills over himself; he is not his own master. Fate drags him this way and that.","w":[["nātmanaḥ","not over himself","na ātmanaḥ"],["kāmakāro 'sti","is there freedom of will","kāmakāraḥ asti",[["kāma","desire, will"],["kāra","doing, acting"]]],["puruṣo 'yam","this man","puruṣaḥ ayam"],["anīśvaraḥ","not his own master, powerless","",[["an","not"],["īśvara","lord, master"]]],["itaś cetarataś","this way and that","itaḥ ca itarataḥ"],["cainaṃ","and him","ca enaṃ"],["kṛtāntaḥ","Fate, the Ender","",[["kṛta","done"],["anta","end"]]],["parikarṣati","drags around"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.098.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sarve kṣayāntā nicayāḥ patanāntāḥ samucchrayāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"saṃyogā viprayogāntā maraṇāntaṃ ca jīvitam","q":null}],"tr":"All accumulations end in depletion, all risings end in falls; all unions end in separation, and life ends in death.","w":[["sarve","all"],["kṣayāntā","ending in decay","kṣayāntāḥ",[["kṣaya","decay, loss"],["anta","end"]]],["nicayāḥ","accumulations, hoards"],["patanāntāḥ","ending in a fall","",[["patana","falling"],["anta","end"]]],["samucchrayāḥ","risings, elevations"],["saṃyogā","unions, meetings","saṃyogāḥ"],["viprayogāntā","ending in separation","viprayogāntāḥ",[["viprayoga","separation"],["anta","end"]]],["maraṇāntaṃ","ending in death","",[["maraṇa","death"],["anta","end"]]],["ca jīvitam","and life"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.098.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yathā phalānaṃ pakvānāṃ nānyatra patanād bhayam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"evaṃ narasya jātasya nānyatra maraṇād bhayam","q":null}],"tr":"Just as for ripe fruits there is no peril but falling, so for a man once born there is no peril but death.","w":[["yathā","just as"],["phalānaṃ","of fruits","phalānāṃ"],["pakvānāṃ","ripe","pakvānām"],["nānyatra","nowhere else than","na anyatra"],["patanād bhayam","peril from falling","patanāt bhayam"],["evaṃ","so"],["narasya jātasya","of a man once born"],["nānyatra","nowhere else than","na anyatra"],["maraṇād bhayam","peril from death","maraṇāt bhayam"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.098.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yathāgāraṃ dṛḍhasthūṇaṃ jīrṇaṃ bhūtvāvasīdati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tathāvasīdanti narā jarāmṛtyuvaśaṃ gatāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Just as a house with sturdy pillars, having grown old, sinks into ruin, so men sink down, fallen under the sway of old age and death.","w":[["yathāgāraṃ","just as a house","yathā agāraṃ"],["dṛḍhasthūṇaṃ","with firm pillars","",[["dṛḍha","firm, strong"],["sthūṇā","pillar, post"]]],["jīrṇaṃ","grown old"],["bhūtvāvasīdati","having become, sinks into ruin","bhūtvā avasīdati"],["tathāvasīdanti","so they sink down","tathā avasīdanti"],["narā","men","narāḥ"],["jarāmṛtyuvaśaṃ","to the power of old age and death","",[["jarā","old age"],["mṛtyu","death"],["vaśa","power, control"]]],["gatāḥ","gone, fallen"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.098.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ahorātrāṇi gacchanti sarveṣāṃ prāṇinām iha","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"āyūṃṣi kṣapayanty āśu grīṣme jalam ivāṃśavaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"The days and nights pass by, swiftly wasting away the life-spans of all living beings here, as the sun's rays dry up water in the summer.","w":[["ahorātrāṇi","the days and nights","",[["ahar","day"],["rātri","night"]]],["gacchanti","go by, pass"],["sarveṣāṃ prāṇinām","of all living beings"],["iha","here"],["āyūṃṣi","the life-spans"],["kṣapayanty","they waste away","kṣapayanti"],["āśu","swiftly"],["grīṣme","in summer"],["jalam","water"],["ivāṃśavaḥ","like the (sun's) rays","iva aṃśavaḥ"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.098.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ātmānam anuśoca tvaṃ kim anyam anuśocasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"āyus te hīyate yasya sthitasya ca gatasya ca","q":null}],"tr":"Grieve for yourself; why do you grieve for another? Your own life-span dwindles, whether you stay still or go about.","w":[["ātmānam","yourself"],["anuśoca","grieve for"],["tvaṃ","you"],["kim anyam","why another"],["anuśocasi","do you grieve for"],["āyus te","your life-span","āyuḥ te"],["hīyate","dwindles, is diminished"],["yasya","of whom (you)"],["sthitasya ca gatasya ca","whether staying or going"]]},{"v":21,"ref":"2.098.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sahaiva mṛtyur vrajati saha mṛtyur niṣīdati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gatvā sudīrgham adhvānaṃ saha mṛtyur nivartate","q":null}],"tr":"Death walks along with a man, death sits beside him; and when he has gone a very long road, death returns along with him.","w":[["sahaiva","right alongside","saha eva"],["mṛtyur","death","mṛtyuḥ"],["vrajati","walks, goes"],["saha","together"],["mṛtyur","death","mṛtyuḥ"],["niṣīdati","sits down"],["gatvā","having gone"],["sudīrgham adhvānaṃ","a very long road","",[["su","very"],["dīrgha","long"]]],["saha","together"],["mṛtyur","death","mṛtyuḥ"],["nivartate","returns, turns back"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"2.098.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gātreṣu valayaḥ prāptāḥ śvetāś caiva śiroruhāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"jarayā puruṣo jīrṇaḥ kiṃ hi kṛtvā prabhāvayet","q":null}],"tr":"Wrinkles have settled upon the limbs and the hair has turned white; when a man is worn out by old age, by what means could he restore his vigor?","w":[["gātreṣu","on the limbs"],["valayaḥ prāptāḥ","wrinkles have come"],["śvetāś caiva","and white","śvetāḥ ca eva"],["śiroruhāḥ","the hairs of the head","",[["śiras","head"],["ruh","growing"]]],["jarayā","by old age"],["puruṣo jīrṇaḥ","a man worn out","puruṣaḥ jīrṇaḥ"],["kiṃ hi kṛtvā","by doing what indeed"],["prabhāvayet","could he make thrive, restore"]]},{"v":23,"ref":"2.098.023","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nandanty udita āditye nandanty astam ite ravau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ātmano nāvabudhyante manuṣyā jīvitakṣayam","q":null}],"tr":"Men rejoice when the sun has risen, they rejoice when the sun has set; yet they do not perceive the wasting-away of their own life.","w":[["nandanty","they rejoice","nandanti"],["udita āditye","when the sun has risen","udite āditye (loc. abs.)"],["nandanty","they rejoice","nandanti"],["astam ite ravau","when the sun has set","astam ite ravau (loc. abs.)"],["ātmano","of themselves","ātmanaḥ"],["nāvabudhyante","do not perceive","na avabudhyante"],["manuṣyā","men","manuṣyāḥ"],["jīvitakṣayam","the wasting of life","",[["jīvita","life"],["kṣaya","decay, destruction"]]]]},{"v":24,"ref":"2.098.024","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"hṛṣyanty ṛtumukhaṃ dṛṣṭvā navaṃ navam ihāgatam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ṛtūnāṃ parivartena prāṇināṃ prāṇasaṃkṣayaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"They delight to see the onset of a season, ever new, come round again; yet by the turning of the seasons comes the wasting-away of creatures' lives.","w":[["hṛṣyanty","they delight, rejoice","hṛṣyanti"],["ṛtumukhaṃ","the onset of a season","",[["ṛtu","season"],["mukha","face, onset"]]],["dṛṣṭvā","having seen"],["navaṃ navam","ever new"],["ihāgatam","come here, arrived","iha āgatam"],["ṛtūnāṃ parivartena","by the revolution of the seasons"],["prāṇināṃ","of living beings"],["prāṇasaṃkṣayaḥ","the destruction of life","",[["prāṇa","breath, life"],["saṃkṣaya","destruction, wasting"]]]]},{"v":25,"ref":"2.098.025","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yathā kāṣṭhaṃ ca kāṣṭhaṃ ca sameyātāṃ mahārṇave","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sametya ca vyapeyātāṃ kālam āsādya kaṃ cana","q":null}],"tr":"Just as one log and another log may meet on the great ocean, and having met, drift apart again after some length of time—","w":[["yathā","just as"],["kāṣṭhaṃ ca kāṣṭhaṃ ca","a log and a log"],["sameyātāṃ","the two might come together"],["mahārṇave","on the great ocean","",[["mahā","great"],["arṇava","sea, flood"]]],["sametya ca","and having met"],["vyapeyātāṃ","the two would part"],["kālam āsādya","having reached a (span of) time"],["kaṃ cana","some, a certain"]]},{"v":26,"ref":"2.098.026","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evaṃ bhāryāś ca putrāś ca jñātayaś ca vasūni ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sametya vyavadhāvanti dhruvo hy eṣāṃ vinābhavaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"—so wives and sons and kinsmen and riches, having come together, run apart; for their separation is certain.","w":[["evaṃ","so"],["bhāryāś ca","and wives","bhāryāḥ ca"],["putrāś ca","and sons","putrāḥ ca"],["jñātayaś ca","and kinsmen","jñātayaḥ ca"],["vasūni ca","and riches"],["sametya","having come together"],["vyavadhāvanti","run apart, disperse"],["dhruvo hy","for certain","dhruvaḥ hi"],["eṣāṃ","of these"],["vinābhavaḥ","separation, being apart","",[["vinā","without, apart"],["bhava","being, state"]]]]},{"v":27,"ref":"2.098.027","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nātra kaś cid yathā bhāvaṃ prāṇī samabhivartate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tena tasmin na sāmarthyaṃ pretasyāsty anuśocataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Here no living creature can make things unfold according to its own will; therefore a mourner has no power over the departed.","w":[["nātra","not here","na atra"],["kaś cid","any","kaḥ cid"],["yathā bhāvaṃ","according to (its) wish, as it would","yathābhāvaṃ"],["prāṇī","a living being"],["samabhivartate","proceeds, brings about"],["tena","therefore"],["tasmin","over that (departed) one"],["na sāmarthyaṃ","there is no power"],["pretasyāsty","of the departed there is","pretasya asti"],["anuśocataḥ","of one grieving"]]},{"v":28,"ref":"2.098.028","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yathā hi sārthaṃ gacchantaṃ brūyāt kaś cit pathi sthitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"aham apy āgamiṣyāmi pṛṣṭhato bhavatām iti","q":null}],"tr":"For just as someone standing on the road might say to a passing caravan, “I too shall come along behind you”—","w":[["yathā hi","for just as"],["sārthaṃ gacchantaṃ","to a passing caravan"],["brūyāt","might say"],["kaś cit","someone","kaḥ cit"],["pathi sthitaḥ","standing on the road"],["aham apy","I too","aham api"],["āgamiṣyāmi","shall come"],["pṛṣṭhato","behind","pṛṣṭhataḥ"],["bhavatām","you (pl.)"],["iti","thus"]]},{"v":29,"ref":"2.098.029","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evaṃ pūrvair gato mārgaḥ pitṛpaitāmaho dhruvaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tam āpannaḥ kathaṃ śoced yasya nāsti vyatikramaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"—so is the road our forefathers travelled, the sure road of fathers and grandfathers; having entered upon it, how should one grieve, when from it there is no escape?","w":[["evaṃ","thus, so"],["pūrvair","by the ancestors","pūrvaiḥ"],["gato mārgaḥ","the road travelled","gataḥ mārgaḥ"],["pitṛpaitāmaho","of fathers and grandfathers","pitṛpaitāmahaḥ",[["pitṛ","father"],["paitāmaha","of the grandfather"]]],["dhruvaḥ","fixed, certain"],["tam āpannaḥ","having entered upon it"],["kathaṃ śoced","how should one grieve","kathaṃ śocet"],["yasya","of which"],["nāsti vyatikramaḥ","there is no crossing over","na asti vyatikramaḥ"]]},{"v":30,"ref":"2.098.030","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vayasaḥ patamānasya srotaso vānivartinaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ātmā sukhe niyoktavyaḥ sukhabhājaḥ prajāḥ smṛtāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"As one's lifetime slips away like a stream that never turns back, the self should be set upon happiness; for creatures are ordained to have their share of joy.","w":[["vayasaḥ","of (one's) age, lifetime"],["patamānasya","falling, slipping away"],["srotaso","of a stream","srotasaḥ"],["vānivartinaḥ","or non-returning","vā anivartinaḥ",[["an","not"],["nivartin","returning"]]],["ātmā","the self"],["sukhe","upon happiness"],["niyoktavyaḥ","should be applied, engaged"],["sukhabhājaḥ","partaking of happiness","sukhabhājaḥ",[["sukha","happiness"],["bhāj","sharing in"]]],["prajāḥ","creatures, people"],["smṛtāḥ","are declared, held (in tradition)"]]},{"v":31,"ref":"2.098.031","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dharmātmā sa śubhaiḥ kṛtsnaiḥ kratubhiś cāptadakṣiṇaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dhūtapāpo gataḥ svargaṃ pitā naḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"That righteous soul, our father the lord of the earth, by all his auspicious sacrifices with their fees duly bestowed, has shaken off all sin and gone to heaven.","w":[["dharmātmā","the righteous-souled","",[["dharma","dharma"],["ātman","soul"]]],["sa","he"],["śubhaiḥ kṛtsnaiḥ","by all the auspicious (rites)"],["kratubhiś","by sacrifices","kratubhiḥ"],["cāptadakṣiṇaiḥ","and with fees duly given","ca āptadakṣiṇaiḥ",[["āpta","complete, obtained"],["dakṣiṇā","sacrificial fee"]]],["dhūtapāpo","with sins shaken off","dhūtapāpaḥ",[["dhūta","shaken off"],["pāpa","sin, evil"]]],["gataḥ svargaṃ","gone to heaven"],["pitā naḥ","our father"],["pṛthivīpatiḥ","lord of the earth","",[["pṛthivī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]]]},{"v":32,"ref":"2.098.032","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bhṛtyānāṃ bharaṇāt samyak prajānāṃ paripālanāt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"arthādānāc ca dhārmeṇa pitā nas tridivaṃ gataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"By duly maintaining his dependents, by protecting his subjects, and by acquiring wealth righteously, our father has gone to the third heaven.","w":[["bhṛtyānāṃ bharaṇāt","from the maintenance of dependents"],["samyak","properly, duly"],["prajānāṃ paripālanāt","from the protection of subjects"],["arthādānāc ca","and from the acquiring of wealth","artha-ādānāt ca",[["artha","wealth, goods"],["ādāna","taking, acquiring"]]],["dhārmeṇa","righteously","dharmeṇa"],["pitā nas","our father","pitā naḥ"],["tridivaṃ gataḥ","gone to the third heaven","",[["tri","three"],["diva","heaven"]]]]},{"v":33,"ref":"2.098.033","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"iṣṭvā bahuvidhair yajñair bhogāṃś cāvāpya puṣkalān","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"uttamaṃ cāyur āsādya svar gataḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having sacrificed with manifold sacrifices, having won abundant enjoyments, and having attained the fullest span of life, the lord of the earth has gone to heaven.","w":[["iṣṭvā","having sacrificed"],["bahuvidhair yajñair","with manifold sacrifices","bahuvidhaiḥ yajñaiḥ",[["bahu","many"],["vidha","kind, sort"]]],["bhogāṃś cāvāpya","and having won enjoyments","bhogān ca avāpya"],["puṣkalān","abundant, ample"],["uttamaṃ cāyur","and the highest lifespan","uttamaṃ ca āyuḥ"],["āsādya","having attained"],["svar gataḥ","gone to heaven","svaḥ gataḥ"],["pṛthivīpatiḥ","the lord of the earth","",[["pṛthivī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]]]},{"v":34,"ref":"2.098.034","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa jīrṇaṃ mānuṣaṃ dehaṃ parityajya pitā hi naḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"daivīm ṛddhim anuprāpto brahmalokavihāriṇīm","q":null}],"tr":"For our father, casting off his worn-out human body, has attained the divine prosperity that ranges in the world of Brahmā.","w":[["sa","he"],["jīrṇaṃ mānuṣaṃ dehaṃ","the worn-out human body"],["parityajya","having cast off"],["pitā hi naḥ","for our father indeed"],["daivīm ṛddhim","divine prosperity"],["anuprāpto","attained","anuprāptaḥ"],["brahmalokavihāriṇīm","ranging in the world of Brahmā","",[["brahmaloka","world of Brahmā"],["vihārin","moving, roaming"]]]]},{"v":35,"ref":"2.098.035","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"taṃ tu naivaṃ vidhaḥ kaś cit prājñaḥ śocitum arhati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tvadvidho yadvidhaś cāpi śrutavān buddhimattaraḥ","q":null}],"tr":"No wise man of such a kind ought to grieve for him—one like you, or such a one, learned and of superior intellect.","w":[["taṃ tu","but for him"],["naivaṃ vidhaḥ","not one of such a kind","na evaṃvidhaḥ"],["kaś cit","any","kaḥ cit"],["prājñaḥ","a wise man"],["śocitum arhati","ought to grieve"],["tvadvidho","one like you","tvadvidhaḥ",[["tvat","you"],["vidha","kind, sort"]]],["yadvidhaś cāpi","and one of such kind","yadvidhaḥ ca api",[["yad","which"],["vidha","kind, sort"]]],["śrutavān","learned, versed in sacred lore"],["buddhimattaraḥ","of superior intellect","",[["buddhimat","intelligent"],["tara","more"]]]]},{"v":36,"ref":"2.098.036","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ete bahuvidhāḥ śokā vilāpa rudite tathā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"varjanīyā hi dhīreṇa sarvāvasthāsu dhīmatā","q":null}],"tr":"These manifold griefs, and likewise lamentation and weeping, are to be shunned by a steadfast, wise man in all circumstances.","w":[["ete","these"],["bahuvidhāḥ","manifold","",[["bahu","many"],["vidha","kind"]]],["śokā","griefs","śokāḥ"],["vilāpa","lamentation"],["rudite","and weeping"],["tathā","likewise"],["varjanīyā hi","are indeed to be avoided","varjanīyāḥ hi"],["dhīreṇa","by the steadfast one"],["sarvāvasthāsu","in all conditions","sarva-avasthāsu",[["sarva","all"],["avasthā","state, condition"]]],["dhīmatā","by the wise one"]]},{"v":37,"ref":"2.098.037","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa svastho bhava mā śoco yātvā cāvasa tāṃ purīm","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tathā pitrā niyukto 'si vaśinā vadatāmv vara","q":null}],"tr":"So be composed, do not grieve; go and dwell in that city. For so were you commanded by our self-controlled father, O best of speakers.","w":[["sa","so, being such"],["svastho bhava","be composed, be well","svasthaḥ bhava"],["mā śoco","do not grieve","mā śocaḥ"],["yātvā","having gone"],["cāvasa","and dwell in","ca āvasa"],["tāṃ purīm","that city"],["tathā","so"],["pitrā","by (our) father"],["niyukto 'si","you have been appointed","niyuktaḥ asi"],["vaśinā","by the self-controlled one"],["vadatāmv vara","O best of speakers","vadatāṃ vara",[["vadat","speaking, of speakers"],["vara","best"]]]]},{"v":38,"ref":"2.098.038","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yatrāham api tenaiva niyuktaḥ puṇyakarmaṇā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tatraivāhaṃ kariṣyāmi pitur āryasya śāsanam","q":null}],"tr":"In that very duty to which I too was appointed by him of holy deeds, there I shall carry out the command of my noble father.","w":[["yatrāham api","where I too","yatra aham api"],["tenaiva","by him alone","tena eva"],["niyuktaḥ","appointed"],["puṇyakarmaṇā","by him of holy deeds","",[["puṇya","holy, meritorious"],["karman","deed, action"]]],["tatraivāhaṃ","there indeed I","tatra eva ahaṃ"],["kariṣyāmi","shall carry out"],["pitur āryasya","of my noble father","pituḥ āryasya"],["śāsanam","the command"]]},{"v":39,"ref":"2.098.039","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na mayā śāsanaṃ tasya tyaktuṃ nyāyyam ariṃdama","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tat tvayāpi sadā mānyaṃ sa vai bandhuḥ sa naḥ pitā","q":null}],"tr":"It is not right for me to abandon his command, O tamer of foes; and by you too it must ever be honored—he is indeed our kinsman, he our father.","w":[["na mayā","not by me"],["śāsanaṃ tasya","his command"],["tyaktuṃ","to abandon"],["nyāyyam","proper, right"],["ariṃdama","O tamer of foes","",[["ari","foe"],["dama","subduing"]]],["tat","that"],["tvayāpi","by you too","tvayā api"],["sadā","always"],["mānyaṃ","to be honored"],["sa vai bandhuḥ","he indeed is (our) kinsman"],["sa naḥ pitā","he (is) our father"]]},{"v":40,"ref":"2.098.040","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evam uktvā tu virate rāme vacanam arthavat","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"uvāca bharataś citraṃ dhārmiko dhārmikaṃ vacaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"When Rāma, having spoken thus, had ceased his meaningful words, the righteous Bharata spoke a remarkable and righteous speech.","w":[["evam uktvā tu","and having spoken thus"],["virate rāme","when Rāma had ceased","virate rāme (loc. abs.)"],["vacanam arthavat","the meaningful speech"],["uvāca","said"],["bharataś","Bharata","bharataḥ"],["citraṃ","remarkable, striking"],["dhārmiko","the righteous one","dhārmikaḥ"],["dhārmikaṃ vacaḥ","righteous words"]]},{"v":41,"ref":"2.098.041","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ko hi syād īdṛśo loke yādṛśas tvam ariṃdama","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na tvāṃ pravyathayed duḥkhaṃ prītir vā na praharṣayet","q":null}],"tr":"Who in the world could be such as you, O tamer of foes? No sorrow could shake you, no joy could elate you.","w":[["ko hi syād","who indeed could be","kaḥ hi syāt"],["īdṛśo","such a one","īdṛśaḥ"],["loke","in the world"],["yādṛśas tvam","such as you","yādṛśaḥ tvam"],["ariṃdama","O tamer of foes","",[["ari","foe"],["dama","subduing"]]],["na tvāṃ pravyathayed","sorrow could not shake you","na tvāṃ pravyathayet"],["duḥkhaṃ","sorrow"],["prītir vā","or joy","prītiḥ vā"],["na praharṣayet","could not elate"]]},{"v":42,"ref":"2.098.042","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"saṃmataś cāsi vṛddhānāṃ tāṃś ca pṛcchasi saṃśayān","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yathā mṛtas tathā jīvan yathāsati tathā sati","q":null}],"tr":"You are esteemed by the elders, and you consult them upon your doubts; to you the dead is as the living, non-being as being.","w":[["saṃmataś cāsi","and you are esteemed","saṃmataḥ ca asi"],["vṛddhānāṃ","by the elders","vṛddhānām"],["tāṃś ca pṛcchasi","and you ask them","tān ca pṛcchasi"],["saṃśayān","about (your) doubts"],["yathā mṛtas tathā jīvan","as the dead, so the living","yathā mṛtaḥ tathā jīvan"],["yathāsati tathā sati","as in non-being, so in being","yathā asati tathā sati"]]},{"v":43,"ref":"2.098.043","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yasyaiṣa buddhilābhaḥ syāt paritapyeta kena saḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sa evaṃ vyasanaṃ prāpya na viṣīditum arhati","q":null}],"tr":"For one who has attained such wisdom—by what could he be tormented? Such a man, meeting with calamity, ought not to despair.","w":[["yasyaiṣa","for whom this","yasya eṣa"],["buddhilābhaḥ","attainment of wisdom","",[["buddhi","intellect, wisdom"],["lābha","gain, attainment"]]],["syāt","should be"],["paritapyeta","could be tormented"],["kena","by what"],["saḥ","he"],["sa","he"],["evaṃ","thus"],["vyasanaṃ prāpya","having met with calamity"],["na viṣīditum arhati","ought not to despair"]]},{"v":44,"ref":"2.098.044","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"amaropamasattvas tvaṃ mahātmā satyasaṃgaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sarvajñaḥ sarvadarśī ca buddhimāṃś cāsi rāghava","q":null}],"tr":"You are of a nature like the immortals, great-souled, true to your word; you are all-knowing, all-seeing, and wise, O Rāghava.","w":[["amaropamasattvas","of nature like the immortals","amaropamasattvaḥ",[["amara","immortal"],["upama","like"],["sattva","nature, being"]]],["tvaṃ","you"],["mahātmā","great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["satyasaṃgaraḥ","true to your promise","",[["satya","true"],["saṃgara","promise, agreement"]]],["sarvajñaḥ","all-knowing","",[["sarva","all"],["jña","knowing"]]],["sarvadarśī ca","and all-seeing","",[["sarva","all"],["darśin","seeing"]]],["buddhimāṃś cāsi","and you are wise","buddhimān ca asi"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"]]},{"v":45,"ref":"2.098.045","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na tvām evaṃ guṇair yuktaṃ prabhavābhavakovidam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"aviṣahyatamaṃ duḥkham āsādayitum arhati","q":null}],"tr":"Endowed with such virtues, skilled in origination and dissolution, you should not be overtaken by even the most unbearable sorrow.","w":[["na tvām","not you"],["evaṃ guṇair yuktaṃ","endowed with such virtues","evaṃ guṇaiḥ yuktaṃ"],["prabhavābhavakovidam","skilled in origin and cessation","",[["prabhava","origin, arising"],["abhava","non-being, cessation"],["kovida","skilled, learned"]]],["aviṣahyatamaṃ","most unbearable","",[["aviṣahya","unbearable"],["tama","most"]]],["duḥkham","sorrow"],["āsādayitum arhati","ought to overtake"]]},{"v":46,"ref":"2.098.046","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"proṣite mayi yat pāpaṃ mātrā matkāraṇāt kṛtam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kṣudrayā tad aniṣṭaṃ me prasīdatu bhavān mama","q":null}],"tr":"Whatever wicked deed my base mother did for my sake while I was away—that is hateful to me; may you be gracious to me.","w":[["proṣite mayi","when I was away","proṣite mayi (loc. abs.)"],["yat pāpaṃ","what evil deed"],["mātrā","by (my) mother"],["matkāraṇāt","for my sake","mat-kāraṇāt",[["mat","me, my"],["kāraṇa","cause, sake"]]],["kṛtam","was done"],["kṣudrayā","by the base woman"],["tad aniṣṭaṃ me","that is hateful to me"],["prasīdatu bhavān mama","may you be gracious to me"]]},{"v":47,"ref":"2.098.047","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dharmabandhena baddho 'smi tenemāṃ neha mātaram","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hanmi tīvreṇa daṇḍena daṇḍārhāṃ pāpakāriṇīm","q":null}],"tr":"I am bound by the bond of dharma; therefore I do not here slay this mother of mine with harsh punishment, evil-doer though she be and deserving of it.","w":[["dharmabandhena","by the bond of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["bandha","bond, tie"]]],["baddho 'smi","I am bound","baddhaḥ asmi"],["tenemāṃ","therefore this","tena imāṃ"],["neha","not here","na iha"],["mātaram","mother"],["hanmi","I slay"],["tīvreṇa daṇḍena","with harsh punishment"],["daṇḍārhāṃ","deserving of punishment","daṇḍa-arhāṃ",[["daṇḍa","punishment, rod"],["arha","deserving"]]],["pāpakāriṇīm","the evil-doer (fem.)","",[["pāpa","evil"],["kārin","doing"]]]]},{"v":48,"ref":"2.098.048","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kathaṃ daśarathāj jātaḥ śuddhābhijanakarmaṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"jānan dharmam adharmiṣṭhaṃ kuryāṃ karma jugupsitam","q":null}],"tr":"How could I, born of Daśaratha of pure lineage and deeds, and knowing dharma, do a most unrighteous, contemptible act?","w":[["kathaṃ","how"],["daśarathāj jātaḥ","born of Daśaratha","daśarathāt jātaḥ"],["śuddhābhijanakarmaṇaḥ","of pure birth and deeds","śuddha-abhijana-karmaṇaḥ",[["śuddha","pure"],["abhijana","lineage, birth"],["karman","deed"]]],["jānan dharmam","knowing dharma"],["adharmiṣṭhaṃ","most unrighteous","",[["adharma","unrighteousness"],["iṣṭha","most"]]],["kuryāṃ","could I do","kuryām"],["karma jugupsitam","a contemptible deed"]]},{"v":49,"ref":"2.098.049","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"guruḥ kriyāvān vṛddhaś ca rājā pretaḥ piteti ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tātaṃ na parigarheyaṃ daivataṃ ceti saṃsadi","q":null}],"tr":"He was my elder, a doer of rites, aged, a king, now dead, and my father—and a very deity: for these reasons I would not reproach my father in an assembly.","w":[["guruḥ","an elder, superior"],["kriyāvān","devoted to sacred rites"],["vṛddhaś ca","and aged","vṛddhaḥ ca"],["rājā","a king"],["pretaḥ","dead, departed"],["piteti ca","and “(my) father”","pitā iti ca"],["tātaṃ","(my) father"],["na parigarheyaṃ","I would not reproach","na parigarheyam"],["daivataṃ ceti","and “a deity”","daivataṃ ca iti"],["saṃsadi","in the assembly"]]},{"v":50,"ref":"2.098.050","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ko hi dharmārthayor hīnam īdṛśaṃ karma kilbiṣam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"striyāḥ priyacikīrṣuḥ san kuryād dharmajña dharmavit","q":null}],"tr":"For what man who knows dharma, O knower of dharma, would—wishing to please a woman—do such a sinful deed, devoid of both dharma and profit?","w":[["ko hi","who indeed","kaḥ hi"],["dharmārthayor hīnam","devoid of dharma and profit","dharma-arthayoḥ hīnam",[["dharma","dharma"],["artha","profit, gain"]]],["īdṛśaṃ karma kilbiṣam","such a sinful deed"],["striyāḥ","of a woman"],["priyacikīrṣuḥ san","being desirous of pleasing","priyacikīrṣuḥ san",[["priya","dear, pleasing"],["cikīrṣu","wishing to do"]]],["kuryād","would do","kuryāt"],["dharmajña","O knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["dharmavit","a knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["vid","knowing"]]]]},{"v":51,"ref":"2.098.051","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"antakāle hi bhūtāni muhyantīti purāśrutiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rājñaivaṃ kurvatā loke pratyakṣā sā śrutiḥ kṛtā","q":null}],"tr":"“At the hour of their end, beings become deluded”—so runs the ancient saying; and the king, by acting thus, has made that saying manifest before the world.","w":[["antakāle hi","for at the time of the end","",[["anta","end"],["kāla","time"]]],["bhūtāni","beings"],["muhyantīti","“become deluded,” thus","muhyanti iti"],["purāśrutiḥ","an ancient tradition, old saying","",[["purā","of old"],["śruti","that which is heard, tradition"]]],["rājñaivaṃ","by the king thus","rājñā evaṃ"],["kurvatā","by (him) doing"],["loke","in the world"],["pratyakṣā sā śrutiḥ","that saying made evident","pratyakṣā sā śrutiḥ"],["kṛtā","was made"]]},{"v":52,"ref":"2.098.052","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sādhv artham abhisaṃdhāya krodhān mohāc ca sāhasāt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tātasya yad atikrāntaṃ pratyāharatu tad bhavān","q":null}],"tr":"Wisely fixing your aim on what is right, may you undo that transgression of our father's which sprang from anger, delusion, and rashness.","w":[["sādhv artham","the good aim, what is right","sādhu artham"],["abhisaṃdhāya","having aimed at, resolved on"],["krodhān","out of anger","krodhāt"],["mohāc ca","and out of delusion","mohāt ca"],["sāhasāt","out of rashness"],["tātasya","of (our) father"],["yad atikrāntaṃ","what was transgressed","yat atikrāntaṃ"],["pratyāharatu","let (you) withdraw, undo"],["tad bhavān","that, you"]]},{"v":53,"ref":"2.098.053","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pitur hi samatikrāntaṃ putro yaḥ sādhu manyate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tad apatyaṃ mataṃ loke viparītam ato 'nyathā","q":null}],"tr":"The son who deems his father's transgression proper is reckoned mere offspring in the world; the son of the opposite mind is quite otherwise [the worthy one].","w":[["pitur hi","for of the father","pituḥ hi"],["samatikrāntaṃ","the transgression, overstepping"],["putro yaḥ","the son who","putraḥ yaḥ"],["sādhu manyate","deems proper"],["tad apatyaṃ","that offspring"],["mataṃ loke","is reckoned in the world"],["viparītam","of the opposite (mind)"],["ato 'nyathā","otherwise than this","ataḥ anyathā"]]},{"v":54,"ref":"2.098.054","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad apatyaṃ bhavān astu mā bhavān duṣkṛtaṃ pituḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"abhipat tat kṛtaṃ karma loke dhīravigarhitam","q":null}],"tr":"Be you that [worthy] offspring; do not, sir, take upon yourself your father's misdeed—that deed done which is censured by the steadfast in the world.","w":[["tad apatyaṃ","that (worthy) offspring"],["bhavān astu","be you, let you be"],["mā bhavān","let not you"],["duṣkṛtaṃ pituḥ","the father's misdeed","",[["duṣ","ill, bad"],["kṛta","done"]]],["abhipat","take upon, incur","abhipat (injunctive)"],["tat kṛtaṃ karma","that deed done"],["loke","in the world"],["dhīravigarhitam","censured by the steadfast","",[["dhīra","steadfast, wise"],["vigarhita","censured, reproached"]]]]},{"v":55,"ref":"2.098.055","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaikeyīṃ māṃ ca tātaṃ ca suhṛdo bāndhavāṃś ca naḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"paurajānapadān sarvāṃs trātu sarvam idaṃ bhavān","q":null}],"tr":"May you save Kaikeyī, and me, and our father, our friends and our kinsmen, and all the town- and country-folk—all this, may you preserve.","w":[["kaikeyīṃ","Kaikeyī"],["māṃ ca","and me"],["tātaṃ ca","and (our) father"],["suhṛdo","(our) friends","suhṛdaḥ"],["bāndhavāṃś ca naḥ","and our kinsmen","bāndhavān ca naḥ"],["paurajānapadān","the town- and country-folk","",[["paura","townsman"],["jānapada","country-dweller"]]],["sarvāṃs","all","sarvān"],["trātu","may (you) save, protect"],["sarvam idaṃ bhavān","all this, you"]]},{"v":56,"ref":"2.098.056","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kva cāraṇyaṃ kva ca kṣātraṃ kva jaṭāḥ kva ca pālanam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"īdṛśaṃ vyāhataṃ karma na bhavān kartum arhati","q":null}],"tr":"Where is forest life, and where the warrior's calling? Where the matted locks, and where the ruling of a realm? Such a self-contradictory course you ought not to follow.","w":[["kva cāraṇyaṃ","where forest-life","kva ca āraṇyaṃ"],["kva ca kṣātraṃ","and where the kṣatriya's calling"],["kva jaṭāḥ","where matted locks"],["kva ca pālanam","and where ruling, protection"],["īdṛśaṃ","such a"],["vyāhataṃ karma","self-contradictory course","vyāhataṃ karma"],["na bhavān kartum arhati","you ought not to do"]]},{"v":57,"ref":"2.098.057","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"atha kleśajam eva tvaṃ dharmaṃ caritum icchasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dharmeṇa caturo varṇān pālayan kleśam āpnuhi","q":null}],"tr":"But if you wish to practise a dharma born of hardship, then win your hardship by righteously protecting the four varṇas!","w":[["atha","but if, now"],["kleśajam eva","born of hardship indeed","",[["kleśa","hardship, toil"],["ja","born of"]]],["tvaṃ","you"],["dharmaṃ caritum icchasi","wish to practise dharma"],["dharmeṇa","through dharma, righteously"],["caturo varṇān","the four classes","caturaḥ varṇān"],["pālayan","protecting"],["kleśam āpnuhi","obtain (your) hardship"]]},{"v":58,"ref":"2.098.058","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"caturṇām āśramāṇāṃ hi gārhasthyaṃ śreṣṭham āśramam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"āhur dharmajña dharmajñās taṃ kathaṃ tyaktum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"Of the four stages of life the knowers of dharma call householdership the best, O knower of dharma; how then can you forsake it?","w":[["caturṇām āśramāṇāṃ hi","of the four stages of life"],["gārhasthyaṃ","householdership"],["śreṣṭham āśramam","the best stage"],["āhur","they call","āhuḥ"],["dharmajña","O knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["dharmajñās","the knowers of dharma","dharmajñāḥ",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["taṃ","it"],["kathaṃ tyaktum arhasi","how can you forsake"]]},{"v":59,"ref":"2.098.059","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śrutena bālaḥ sthānena janmanā bhavato hy aham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sa kathaṃ pālayiṣyāmi bhūmiṃ bhavati tiṣṭhati","q":null}],"tr":"In learning, in rank, and in birth I am but a child beside you; how then, such as I am, shall I govern the earth while you yet live?","w":[["śrutena","in learning"],["bālaḥ","a child, youth"],["sthānena","in rank, station"],["janmanā","in birth"],["bhavato hy aham","I beside you","bhavataḥ hi aham"],["sa","such (being so)"],["kathaṃ pālayiṣyāmi","how shall I rule"],["bhūmiṃ","the earth"],["bhavati tiṣṭhati","while you remain","bhavati tiṣṭhati (loc. abs.)"]]},{"v":60,"ref":"2.098.060","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"hīnabuddhiguṇo bālo hīnaḥ sthānena cāpy aham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhavatā ca vinā bhūto na vartayitum utsahe","q":null}],"tr":"Deficient in intellect and virtue, a mere boy, and inferior too in station, and bereft of you, I am not able to carry on.","w":[["hīnabuddhiguṇo","deficient in intellect and virtue","hīnabuddhiguṇaḥ",[["hīna","deficient, lacking"],["buddhi","intellect"],["guṇa","virtue, quality"]]],["bālo","a boy","bālaḥ"],["hīnaḥ sthānena","inferior in station"],["cāpy aham","and I too","ca api aham"],["bhavatā ca vinā","and without you"],["bhūto","being","bhūtaḥ"],["na vartayitum utsahe","I cannot manage to carry on"]]},{"v":61,"ref":"2.098.061","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"idaṃ nikhilam avyagraṃ pitryaṃ rājyam akaṇṭakam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anuśādhi svadharmeṇa dharmajña saha bāndhavaiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"This entire ancestral kingdom, undisturbed and free of thorns, rule by your own dharma, O knower of dharma, together with our kinsmen.","w":[["idaṃ nikhilam","this entire"],["avyagraṃ","undisturbed, whole"],["pitryaṃ rājyam","ancestral kingdom"],["akaṇṭakam","free of thorns","",[["a","without"],["kaṇṭaka","thorn"]]],["anuśādhi","govern, rule"],["svadharmeṇa","by your own dharma","",[["sva","own"],["dharma","dharma, duty"]]],["dharmajña","O knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["saha bāndhavaiḥ","together with the kinsmen"]]},{"v":62,"ref":"2.098.062","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ihaiva tvābhiṣiñcantu dharmajña saha bāndhavaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ṛtvijaḥ savasiṣṭhāś ca mantravan mantrakovidāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Right here, O knower of dharma, let the priests skilled in the sacred formulas, together with Vasiṣṭha and with our kinsmen, consecrate you with the mantras.","w":[["ihaiva","right here","iha eva"],["tvābhiṣiñcantu","let them consecrate you","tvā abhiṣiñcantu"],["dharmajña","O knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["saha bāndhavaiḥ","together with the kinsmen"],["ṛtvijaḥ","the priests"],["savasiṣṭhāś ca","and together with Vasiṣṭha","savasiṣṭhāḥ ca",[["sa","with"],["vasiṣṭha","Vasiṣṭha"]]],["mantravan","with mantras","mantravat"],["mantrakovidāḥ","skilled in mantras","",[["mantra","sacred formula"],["kovida","skilled, learned"]]]]},{"v":63,"ref":"2.098.063","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"abhiṣiktas tvam asmābhir ayodhyāṃ pālane vraja","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vijitya tarasā lokān marudbhir iva vāsavaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Once consecrated by us, go to rule Ayodhyā, having swiftly conquered the worlds as Vāsava (Indra) conquered them with the Maruts.","w":[["abhiṣiktas tvam","you, once consecrated","abhiṣiktaḥ tvam"],["asmābhir","by us","asmābhiḥ"],["ayodhyāṃ","Ayodhyā"],["pālane vraja","go to (its) rule"],["vijitya tarasā lokān","having swiftly conquered the worlds"],["marudbhir iva vāsavaḥ","like Vāsava (Indra) with the Maruts","marudbhiḥ iva vāsavaḥ"]]},{"v":64,"ref":"2.098.064","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ṛṇāni trīṇy apākurvan durhṛdaḥ sādhu nirdahan","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"suhṛdas tarpayan kāmais tvam evātrānuśādhi mām","q":null}],"tr":"Discharging the three debts, utterly burning up your enemies, and gratifying your friends with the fulfilment of their desires—rule me here yourself.","w":[["ṛṇāni trīṇy","the three debts","ṛṇāni trīṇi"],["apākurvan","discharging, paying off"],["durhṛdaḥ","the enemies (ill-hearted)","",[["dur","ill, bad"],["hṛd","heart"]]],["sādhu nirdahan","thoroughly burning up"],["suhṛdas tarpayan","gratifying (your) friends","suhṛdaḥ tarpayan"],["kāmais","with desired things","kāmaiḥ"],["tvam evātrānuśādhi mām","you yourself, rule me here","tvam eva atra anuśādhi mām"]]},{"v":65,"ref":"2.098.065","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"adyārya muditāḥ santu suhṛdas te 'bhiṣecane","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"adya bhītāḥ pālayantāṃ durhṛdas te diśo daśa","q":null}],"tr":"Today, noble one, let your friends rejoice at your consecration; today let your enemies, in fear, take to the ten directions.","w":[["adyārya","today, O noble one","adya ārya"],["muditāḥ santu","let them be delighted"],["suhṛdas te","your friends","suhṛdaḥ te"],["'bhiṣecane","at (your) consecration","abhiṣecane"],["adya","today"],["bhītāḥ","frightened"],["pālayantāṃ","let them keep to, guard","pālayantām"],["durhṛdas te","your enemies","durhṛdaḥ te",[["dur","ill"],["hṛd","heart"]]],["diśo daśa","the ten directions","diśaḥ daśa"]]},{"v":66,"ref":"2.098.066","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ākrośaṃ mama mātuś ca pramṛjya puruṣarṣabha","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"adya tatra bhavantaṃ ca pitaraṃ rakṣa kilbiṣāt","q":null}],"tr":"Wiping away the reproach upon me and upon my mother, O bull among men, save today too our revered father from sin.","w":[["ākrośaṃ","the reproach, outcry"],["mama mātuś ca","of me and (my) mother","mama mātuḥ ca"],["pramṛjya","having wiped away"],["puruṣarṣabha","O bull among men","",[["puruṣa","man"],["ṛṣabha","bull, best"]]],["adya","today"],["tatra bhavantaṃ ca","and his revered self","tatrabhavantaṃ ca"],["pitaraṃ","the father"],["rakṣa kilbiṣāt","save from sin"]]},{"v":67,"ref":"2.098.067","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śirasā tvābhiyāce 'haṃ kuruṣva karuṇāṃ mayi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bāndhaveṣu ca sarveṣu bhūteṣv iva maheśvaraḥ","q":null}],"tr":"With my head bowed I implore you: show compassion upon me and upon all our kinsmen, as the Great Lord (Śiva) does upon all beings.","w":[["śirasā","with (my) head"],["tvābhiyāce 'haṃ","I entreat you","tvā abhiyāce ahaṃ"],["kuruṣva karuṇāṃ mayi","show compassion on me"],["bāndhaveṣu ca sarveṣu","and on all kinsmen"],["bhūteṣv iva maheśvaraḥ","as the Great Lord upon (all) beings","bhūteṣu iva maheśvaraḥ",[["mahā","great"],["īśvara","lord"]]]]},{"v":68,"ref":"2.098.068","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"atha vā pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā vanam eva bhavān itaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gamiṣyati gamiṣyāmi bhavatā sārdham apy aham","q":null}],"tr":"Or else, if you, turning your back on the city, will go from here to the forest, then I too will go along with you.","w":[["atha vā","or else"],["pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā","having turned (your) back","pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā"],["vanam eva","to the forest indeed"],["bhavān itaḥ","you, from here"],["gamiṣyati","will go"],["gamiṣyāmi","I shall go"],["bhavatā sārdham apy aham","I too together with you","bhavatā sārdham api aham"]]},{"v":69,"ref":"2.098.069","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tathāpi rāmo bharatena tāmyata prasādyamānaḥ śirasā mahīpatiḥ","q":["tathāpi rāmo bharatena tāmyata","prasādyamānaḥ śirasā mahīpatiḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"na caiva cakre gamanāya sattvavān matiṃ pitus tadvacane pratiṣṭhitaḥ","q":["na caiva cakre gamanāya sattvavān","matiṃ pitus tadvacane pratiṣṭhitaḥ"]}],"tr":"Even so, though the anguished Bharata entreated him with bowed head, Rāma, lord of the earth and full of resolve, did not set his mind upon returning, fixed as he was upon that command of his father.","w":[["tathāpi","even so","tathā api"],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["bharatena","by Bharata"],["tāmyata","being anguished","tāmyatā"],["prasādyamānaḥ","being entreated, propitiated"],["śirasā","with (bowed) head"],["mahīpatiḥ","the lord of the earth","",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]],["na caiva cakre","and did not make","na ca eva cakre"],["gamanāya","for going (back)"],["sattvavān","full of resolve, firm"],["matiṃ","(his) mind"],["pitus","of (his) father","pituḥ"],["tadvacane","upon that command","tat-vacane",[["tat","that"],["vacana","word, command"]]],["pratiṣṭhitaḥ","fixed, established"]]},{"v":70,"ref":"2.098.070","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad adbhutaṃ sthairyam avekṣya rāghave samaṃ jano harṣam avāpa duḥkhitaḥ","q":["tad adbhutaṃ sthairyam avekṣya rāghave","samaṃ jano harṣam avāpa duḥkhitaḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"na yāty ayodhyām iti duḥkhito 'bhavat sthirapratijñatvam avekṣya harṣitaḥ","q":["na yāty ayodhyām iti duḥkhito 'bhavat","sthirapratijñatvam avekṣya harṣitaḥ"]}],"tr":"Beholding that wondrous steadfastness in Rāghava, the sorrowing people felt at once both grief and joy—grieved that he would not go to Ayodhyā, yet gladdened to behold his firmness of resolve.","w":[["tad adbhutaṃ sthairyam","that wondrous steadfastness"],["avekṣya","having beheld"],["rāghave","in Rāghava"],["samaṃ","at once, equally"],["jano","the people","janaḥ"],["harṣam avāpa","obtained joy"],["duḥkhitaḥ","(though) grieved"],["na yāty ayodhyām iti","“he goes not to Ayodhyā,” thus","na yāti ayodhyām iti"],["duḥkhito 'bhavat","became grieved","duḥkhitaḥ abhavat"],["sthirapratijñatvam","firmness of resolve","",[["sthira","firm"],["pratijñā","vow, resolve"],["tva","-ness"]]],["avekṣya","having beheld"],["harṣitaḥ","gladdened"]]},{"v":71,"ref":"2.098.071","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tam ṛtvijo naigamayūthavallabhās tathā visaṃjñāśrukalāś ca mātaraḥ","q":["tam ṛtvijo naigamayūthavallabhās","tathā visaṃjñāśrukalāś ca mātaraḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"tathā bruvāṇaṃ bharataṃ pratuṣṭuvuḥ praṇamya rāmaṃ ca yayācire saha","q":["tathā bruvāṇaṃ bharataṃ pratuṣṭuvuḥ","praṇamya rāmaṃ ca yayācire saha"]}],"tr":"The priests, the leaders dear to the throngs of townsfolk, and likewise the mothers, swooning and choked with tears, extolled Bharata as he spoke thus; and bowing to Rāma, they entreated him together with him.","w":[["tam","him (Bharata)"],["ṛtvijo","the priests","ṛtvijaḥ"],["naigamayūthavallabhās","the leaders dear to the townsfolk-throngs","naigamayūthavallabhāḥ",[["naigama","townsman, merchant"],["yūtha","throng, herd"],["vallabha","beloved, favourite"]]],["tathā","likewise"],["visaṃjñāśrukalāś ca mātaraḥ","and the mothers, swooning and tearful","visaṃjñāśrukalāḥ ca mātaraḥ",[["visaṃjña","senseless, swooning"],["aśru","tear"],["kala","indistinct, faltering"]]],["tathā bruvāṇaṃ bharataṃ","Bharata as he spoke thus"],["pratuṣṭuvuḥ","extolled, praised"],["praṇamya rāmaṃ ca","and having bowed to Rāma"],["yayācire","they entreated"],["saha","together (with him)"]]}]}