{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":97,"title":"Bharata offers Rāma the Kingdom","sentence":"Rāma absolves him of blame but insists that both brothers honour their father’s division between Kingdom and forest","portion":"The dispute over Kingship and duty","sequence":[[{"steps":["Rāma asks why Bharata has abandoned the Kingdom and come dressed as a tapasvin (97.1–3)"],"from":1,"to":3,"sarga":97},{"steps":["Bharata recounts their father's grief and his mother's role in the disaster (97.4–7)"],"from":4,"to":7,"sarga":97},{"steps":["he asks Rāma to accept his hereditary Kingdom for the sake of the people, the widowed Queens, and his brother (97.8–11)"],"from":8,"to":11,"sarga":97},{"steps":["he places his head at Rāma's feet as a younger brother, pupil, and servant (97.12–14)"],"from":12,"to":14,"sarga":97},{"steps":["Rāma embraces him and says he sees no fault in him, but asks him not to condemn their mother (97.15–17)"],"from":15,"to":17,"sarga":97},{"steps":["he explains that he owes obedience to both parents (97.18–20)"],"from":18,"to":20,"sarga":97},{"steps":["in his view, Daśaratha assigned Bharata Ayodhyā and himself the forest, and each must now fulfill that assignment","he values keeping it above any Kingdom (97.21–24)."],"from":21,"to":24,"sarga":97}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.097.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"taṃ tu rāmaḥ samāśvāsya bhrātaraṃ guruvatsalam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"lakṣmaṇena saha bhrātrā praṣṭuṃ samupacakrame","q":null}],"tr":"But Rāma, having comforted that brother of his who was devoted to their elders, together with his brother Lakṣmaṇa set about to question him.","w":[["taṃ","him"],["tu","but"],["rāmaḥ","Rāma"],["samāśvāsya","having comforted"],["bhrātaraṃ","brother"],["guruvatsalam","devoted to elders","",[["guru","elder, teacher"],["vatsala","affectionate, devoted"]]],["lakṣmaṇena saha","together with Lakṣmaṇa"],["bhrātrā","with his brother"],["praṣṭuṃ","to question"],["samupacakrame","set about, began"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.097.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kim etad iccheyam ahaṃ śrotuṃ pravyāhṛtaṃ tvayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yasmāt tvam āgato deśam imaṃ cīrajaṭājinī","q":null}],"tr":"“What is this? I would wish to hear it spoken by you — the reason why you have come to this region clad in bark, matted hair, and hides.","w":[["kim","what"],["etad","this","etat"],["iccheyam","I would wish"],["ahaṃ","I"],["śrotuṃ","to hear"],["pravyāhṛtaṃ","spoken, uttered"],["tvayā","by you"],["yasmāt","the reason for which"],["tvam","you"],["āgato","have come","āgataḥ"],["deśam","region"],["imaṃ","this"],["cīrajaṭājinī","clad in bark, matted hair, and hide","",[["cīra","bark garment"],["jaṭā","matted hair"],["ajina","antelope hide"]]]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.097.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yannimittam imaṃ deśaṃ kṛṣṇājinajaṭādharaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hitvā rājyaṃ praviṣṭas tvaṃ tat sarvaṃ vaktum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"For what reason you, wearing a black antelope-hide and matted hair, having abandoned the kingdom, have entered this region — all that you should tell.","w":[["yannimittam","for what reason","yat nimittam",[["yat","which"],["nimitta","cause, reason"]]],["imaṃ","this"],["deśaṃ","region"],["kṛṣṇājinajaṭādharaḥ","wearing black antelope-hide and matted hair","",[["kṛṣṇa","black"],["ajina","hide"],["jaṭā","matted hair"],["dhara","wearing"]]],["hitvā","having abandoned"],["rājyaṃ","the kingdom"],["praviṣṭas","entered","praviṣṭaḥ"],["tvaṃ","you"],["tat","that"],["sarvaṃ","all"],["vaktum","to tell"],["arhasi","you should"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.097.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ity uktaḥ kekayīputraḥ kākutsthena mahātmanā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pragṛhya balavad bhūyaḥ prāñjalir vākyam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Addressed thus by the great-souled Kākutstha, the son of Kaikeyī, controlling himself firmly, again with joined palms spoke these words:","w":[["ity uktaḥ","thus addressed","iti uktaḥ"],["kekayīputraḥ","the son of Kaikeyī","",[["kekayī","Kaikeyī"],["putra","son"]]],["kākutsthena","by Kākutstha (Rāma)"],["mahātmanā","by the great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["pragṛhya","having restrained (himself)"],["balavad","firmly, strongly","balavat"],["bhūyaḥ","again"],["prāñjalir","with joined palms","prāñjaliḥ"],["vākyam","words"],["abravīt","spoke"]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.097.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"āryaṃ tātaḥ parityajya kṛtvā karma suduṣkaram","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gataḥ svargaṃ mahābāhuḥ putraśokābhipīḍitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“Father, having forsaken the noble one and done a most difficult deed, the mighty-armed one, tormented by grief for his son, has gone to heaven.","w":[["āryaṃ","the noble one"],["tātaḥ","father","tātaḥ"],["parityajya","having forsaken"],["kṛtvā","having done"],["karma","a deed"],["suduṣkaram","most difficult","",[["su","very"],["duṣkara","hard to do"]]],["gataḥ","gone"],["svargaṃ","to heaven"],["mahābāhuḥ","the mighty-armed","",[["mahā","great"],["bāhu","arm"]]],["putraśokābhipīḍitaḥ","tormented by grief for his son","",[["putra","son"],["śoka","grief"],["abhipīḍita","oppressed"]]]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.097.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"striyā niyuktaḥ kaikeyyā mama mātrā paraṃtapa","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"cakāra sumahat pāpam idam ātmayaśoharam","q":null}],"tr":"Impelled by a woman, my mother Kaikeyī, O scorcher of foes, he committed this very great sin that robbed him of his own fame.","w":[["striyā","by a woman"],["niyuktaḥ","impelled, urged"],["kaikeyyā","by Kaikeyī"],["mama","my"],["mātrā","by the mother"],["paraṃtapa","O scorcher of foes","",[["param","enemy, other"],["tapa","scorching"]]],["cakāra","committed, did"],["sumahat","very great"],["pāpam","sin"],["idam","this"],["ātmayaśoharam","robbing his own fame","",[["ātman","self"],["yaśas","fame"],["hara","taking away"]]]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.097.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā rājyaphalam aprāpya vidhavā śokakarśitā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"patiṣyati mahāghore niraye jananī mama","q":null}],"tr":"She, having failed to obtain the fruit of the kingdom — a widow, wasted by grief, my mother — will fall into a most terrible hell.","w":[["sā","she"],["rājyaphalam","the fruit of the kingdom","",[["rājya","kingdom"],["phala","fruit"]]],["aprāpya","not having obtained"],["vidhavā","a widow"],["śokakarśitā","wasted by grief","",[["śoka","grief"],["karśita","emaciated"]]],["patiṣyati","will fall"],["mahāghore","most terrible","",[["mahā","great"],["ghora","dreadful"]]],["niraye","into hell"],["jananī","mother"],["mama","my"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.097.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tasya me dāsabhūtasya prasādaṃ kartum arhasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"abhiṣiñcasva cādyaiva rājyena maghavān iva","q":null}],"tr":"To me who have become your servant you should show grace; consecrate yourself this very day with the kingdom, like Maghavat.","w":[["tasya me","of me, to me"],["dāsabhūtasya","who have become a servant","",[["dāsa","servant"],["bhūta","become"]]],["prasādaṃ","grace, favour"],["kartum","to show, make"],["arhasi","you should"],["abhiṣiñcasva","consecrate yourself"],["cādyaiva","and this very day","ca adya eva"],["rājyena","with the kingdom"],["maghavān iva","like Maghavat (Indra)"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.097.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"imāḥ prakṛtayaḥ sarvā vidhavā māturaś ca yāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tvat sakāśam anuprāptāḥ prasādaṃ kartum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"All these subjects, and the widowed queen-mothers who have come into your presence — to them you should show grace.","w":[["imāḥ","these"],["prakṛtayaḥ","subjects"],["sarvā","all","sarvāḥ"],["vidhavā","widowed","vidhavāḥ"],["māturaś ca yāḥ","and the mothers who","mātaraḥ ca yāḥ"],["tvat sakāśam","to your presence","",[["tvat","you"],["sakāśa","presence, proximity"]]],["anuprāptāḥ","have come"],["prasādaṃ","grace"],["kartum arhasi","you should show"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.097.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tadānupūrvyā yuktaṃ ca yuktaṃ cātmani mānada","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rājyaṃ prāpnuhi dharmeṇa sakāmān suhṛdaḥ kuru","q":null}],"tr":"Therefore, O bestower of honour, obtain by dharma the kingdom, which is fitting by succession and fitting for yourself, and make your friends' wishes fulfilled.","w":[["tadānupūrvyā","therefore by succession","tat ānupūrvyā",[["tat","that"],["ānupūrvya","due order, succession"]]],["yuktaṃ ca","and fitting"],["yuktaṃ cātmani","and fitting for yourself","yuktaṃ ca ātmani"],["mānada","O bestower of honour","",[["māna","honour"],["da","giving"]]],["rājyaṃ","the kingdom"],["prāpnuhi","obtain"],["dharmeṇa","by dharma, righteously"],["sakāmān","(having their) desires fulfilled","",[["sa","with"],["kāma","desire"]]],["suhṛdaḥ","friends"],["kuru","make"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.097.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bhavatv avidhavā bhūmiḥ samagrā patinā tvayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śaśinā vimaleneva śāradī rajanī yathā","q":null}],"tr":"Let the whole earth become un-widowed through you as her lord, as an autumn night is made radiant by the spotless moon.","w":[["bhavatv","let it become","bhavatu"],["avidhavā","un-widowed","",[["a","not"],["vidhavā","widow"]]],["bhūmiḥ","the earth"],["samagrā","whole, entire"],["patinā tvayā","through you as her lord"],["śaśinā","through the moon"],["vimaleneva","as by the spotless one","vimalena iva"],["śāradī","autumnal"],["rajanī","night"],["yathā","as"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.097.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ebhiś ca sacivaiḥ sārdhaṃ śirasā yācito mayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhrātuḥ śiṣyasya dāsasya prasādaṃ kartum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"Entreated by me with bowed head, together with these ministers, you should show grace to your brother, your disciple, your servant.","w":[["ebhiś ca sacivaiḥ","and with these ministers","ebhiḥ ca sacivaiḥ"],["sārdhaṃ","together"],["śirasā","with the head"],["yācito","entreated","yācitaḥ"],["mayā","by me"],["bhrātuḥ","to your brother"],["śiṣyasya","your disciple"],["dāsasya","your servant"],["prasādaṃ","grace"],["kartum arhasi","you should show"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.097.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad idaṃ śāśvataṃ pitryaṃ sarvaṃ sacivamaṇḍalam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pūjitaṃ puruṣavyāghra nātikramitum utsahe","q":null}],"tr":"O tiger among men, this whole hereditary, ancestral, honoured circle of ministers — I cannot bring myself to overstep it.","w":[["tad idaṃ","this"],["śāśvataṃ","perpetual, hereditary"],["pitryaṃ","ancestral, paternal"],["sarvaṃ","whole"],["sacivamaṇḍalam","circle of ministers","",[["saciva","minister"],["maṇḍala","circle"]]],["pūjitaṃ","honoured"],["puruṣavyāghra","O tiger among men","",[["puruṣa","man"],["vyāghra","tiger"]]],["nātikramitum","not to overstep","na atikramitum"],["utsahe","I am able, I dare"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.097.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evam uktvā mahābāhuḥ sabāṣpaḥ kekayīsutaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāmasya śirasā pādau jagrāha bharataḥ punaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having spoken thus, the mighty-armed Bharata, son of Kaikeyī, in tears, again clasped Rāma's feet with his head.","w":[["evam uktvā","having spoken thus"],["mahābāhuḥ","the mighty-armed","",[["mahā","great"],["bāhu","arm"]]],["sabāṣpaḥ","in tears","",[["sa","with"],["bāṣpa","tears"]]],["kekayīsutaḥ","son of Kaikeyī","",[["kekayī","Kaikeyī"],["suta","son"]]],["rāmasya","of Rāma"],["śirasā","with his head"],["pādau","the two feet"],["jagrāha","grasped"],["bharataḥ","Bharata"],["punaḥ","again"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.097.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"taṃ mattam iva mātaṅgaṃ niḥśvasantaṃ punaḥ punaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhrātaraṃ bharataṃ rāmaḥ pariṣvajyedam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Embracing his brother Bharata, who was sighing again and again like a rutting elephant, Rāma spoke this:","w":[["taṃ","him"],["mattam iva mātaṅgaṃ","like a rutting elephant","",[["matta","in rut, intoxicated"],["mātaṅga","elephant"]]],["niḥśvasantaṃ","sighing"],["punaḥ punaḥ","again and again"],["bhrātaraṃ","brother"],["bharataṃ","Bharata"],["rāmaḥ","Rāma"],["pariṣvajyedam","having embraced, this","pariṣvajya idam"],["abravīt","spoke"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.097.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kulīnaḥ sattvasaṃpannas tejasvī caritavrataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rājyahetoḥ kathaṃ pāpam ācaret tvadvidho janaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“How could a person like you — well-born, endowed with goodness, splendid, and true to his vows — commit sin for the sake of a kingdom?","w":[["kulīnaḥ","well-born"],["sattvasaṃpannas","endowed with goodness","sattvasaṃpannaḥ",[["sattva","goodness, courage"],["saṃpanna","endowed"]]],["tejasvī","splendid, energetic"],["caritavrataḥ","true to his vows","",[["carita","performed"],["vrata","vow"]]],["rājyahetoḥ","for the sake of a kingdom","",[["rājya","kingdom"],["hetu","cause, sake"]]],["kathaṃ","how"],["pāpam","sin"],["ācaret","would commit"],["tvadvidho","one like you","tvadvidhaḥ",[["tvat","you"],["vidha","kind, sort"]]],["janaḥ","person"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.097.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na doṣaṃ tvayi paśyāmi sūkṣmam apy ari sūdana","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na cāpi jananīṃ bālyāt tvaṃ vigarhitum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"I see no fault in you, not even a subtle one, O slayer of foes; nor should you out of childishness censure our mother.","w":[["na doṣaṃ","no fault"],["tvayi","in you"],["paśyāmi","I see"],["sūkṣmam apy","even a subtle one","sūkṣmam api"],["ari sūdana","O slayer of foes","",[["ari","enemy"],["sūdana","destroyer"]]],["na cāpi","nor","na ca api"],["jananīṃ","the mother"],["bālyāt","out of childishness"],["tvaṃ","you"],["vigarhitum","to censure"],["arhasi","should"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.097.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yāvat pitari dharmajña gauravaṃ lokasatkṛte","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tāvad dharmabhṛtāṃ śreṣṭha jananyām api gauravam","q":null}],"tr":"As great as the reverence due to a father honoured by the world, O knower of dharma, so great, O best of the dharma-bearers, is the reverence due also to a mother.","w":[["yāvat","as much as"],["pitari","toward the father"],["dharmajña","O knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["gauravaṃ","reverence"],["lokasatkṛte","honoured by the world","",[["loka","world"],["satkṛta","honoured"]]],["tāvad","so much","tāvat"],["dharmabhṛtāṃ","of the dharma-bearers","",[["dharma","dharma"],["bhṛt","bearing"]]],["śreṣṭha","O best"],["jananyām api","also toward the mother"],["gauravam","reverence"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.097.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"etābhyāṃ dharmaśīlābhyāṃ vanaṃ gaccheti rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"mātā pitṛbhyām ukto 'haṃ katham anyat samācare","q":null}],"tr":"By these two of righteous conduct, mother and father, I was told, 'Go to the forest,' O Rāghava; how could I do otherwise?","w":[["etābhyāṃ","by these two"],["dharmaśīlābhyāṃ","of righteous conduct","",[["dharma","dharma"],["śīla","conduct, character"]]],["vanaṃ","to the forest"],["gaccheti","‘go,’ thus","gaccha iti"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["mātā pitṛbhyām","by mother and father","mātāpitṛbhyām",[["mātṛ","mother"],["pitṛ","father"]]],["ukto 'haṃ","I was told","uktaḥ ahaṃ"],["katham","how"],["anyat","otherwise"],["samācare","could I act"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.097.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tvayā rājyam ayodhyāyāṃ prāptavyaṃ lokasatkṛtam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vastavyaṃ daṇḍakāraṇye mayā valkalavāsasā","q":null}],"tr":"By you the world-honoured kingdom in Ayodhyā is to be obtained; by me, clad in bark garments, the Daṇḍaka forest is to be dwelt in.","w":[["tvayā","by you"],["rājyam","the kingdom"],["ayodhyāyāṃ","in Ayodhyā"],["prāptavyaṃ","to be obtained"],["lokasatkṛtam","world-honoured","",[["loka","world"],["satkṛta","honoured"]]],["vastavyaṃ","to be dwelt in"],["daṇḍakāraṇye","in the Daṇḍaka forest","",[["daṇḍaka","Daṇḍaka"],["araṇya","forest"]]],["mayā","by me"],["valkalavāsasā","clad in bark garments","",[["valkala","bark"],["vāsas","garment"]]]]},{"v":21,"ref":"2.097.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evaṃ kṛtvā mahārājo vibhāgaṃ lokasaṃnidhau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vyādiśya ca mahātejā divaṃ daśaratho gataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having thus made the division in the presence of the world, and having so ordained, the great king Daśaratha of great splendour went to heaven.","w":[["evaṃ","thus"],["kṛtvā","having made"],["mahārājo","the great king","mahārājaḥ"],["vibhāgaṃ","the division, apportionment"],["lokasaṃnidhau","in the presence of the world","",[["loka","world"],["saṃnidhi","presence"]]],["vyādiśya ca","and having ordained"],["mahātejā","of great splendour","mahātejāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["tejas","splendour"]]],["divaṃ","to heaven"],["daśaratho","Daśaratha","daśarathaḥ"],["gataḥ","went"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"2.097.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa ca pramāṇaṃ dharmātmā rājā lokagurus tava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pitrā dattaṃ yathābhāgam upabhoktuṃ tvam arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"And that righteous king, the elder of the world, is your authority; you should enjoy the share given by your father accordingly.","w":[["sa ca","and he"],["pramāṇaṃ","authority, standard"],["dharmātmā","righteous-souled","",[["dharma","dharma"],["ātman","soul"]]],["rājā","king"],["lokagurus","elder of the world","lokaguruḥ",[["loka","world"],["guru","elder"]]],["tava","your"],["pitrā","by the father"],["dattaṃ","given"],["yathābhāgam","according to the share","",[["yathā","according to"],["bhāga","share"]]],["upabhoktuṃ","to enjoy"],["tvam arhasi","you should"]]},{"v":23,"ref":"2.097.023","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"caturdaśa samāḥ saumya daṇḍakāraṇyam āśritaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"upabhokṣye tv ahaṃ dattaṃ bhāgaṃ pitrā mahātmanā","q":null}],"tr":"For fourteen years, gentle one, dwelling in the Daṇḍaka forest, I shall enjoy the share given by my great-souled father.","w":[["caturdaśa","fourteen"],["samāḥ","years"],["saumya","O gentle one"],["daṇḍakāraṇyam","the Daṇḍaka forest","",[["daṇḍaka","Daṇḍaka"],["araṇya","forest"]]],["āśritaḥ","having resorted to, dwelling in"],["upabhokṣye","I shall enjoy"],["tv ahaṃ","but I","tu ahaṃ"],["dattaṃ","given"],["bhāgaṃ","the share"],["pitrā","by the father"],["mahātmanā","great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]]]},{"v":24,"ref":"2.097.024","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yad abravīn māṃ naralokasatkṛtaḥ pitā mahātmā vibudhādhipopamaḥ","q":["yad abravīn māṃ naralokasatkṛtaḥ","pitā mahātmā vibudhādhipopamaḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"tad eva manye paramātmano hitaṃ na sarvalokeśvarabhāvam avyayam","q":["tad eva manye paramātmano hitaṃ","na sarvalokeśvarabhāvam avyayam"]}],"tr":"What my great-souled father — honoured in the world of men and like the lord of the gods — told me, that alone I regard as the highest good for myself, not the imperishable sovereignty over all the worlds.”","w":[["yad","what","yat"],["abravīn","told","abravīt"],["māṃ","me"],["naralokasatkṛtaḥ","honoured in the world of men","",[["nara","man"],["loka","world"],["satkṛta","honoured"]]],["pitā","father"],["mahātmā","great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["vibudhādhipopamaḥ","like the lord of the gods","",[["vibudha","god"],["adhipa","lord"],["upama","like"]]],["tad eva","that alone"],["manye","I regard"],["paramātmano","for the highest self","paramātmanaḥ",[["parama","supreme"],["ātman","self"]]],["hitaṃ","the good, benefit"],["na","not"],["sarvalokeśvarabhāvam","the state of being lord of all worlds","",[["sarva","all"],["loka","world"],["īśvara","lord"],["bhāva","state"]]],["avyayam","imperishable"]]}]}