{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":94,"title":"Rāma questions Bharata’s governance","sentence":"He asks after the family, advisers, spies, troop provisions, water, revenue and impartial justice, still unaware of Daśaratha’s death","portion":"The reunion and mourning for Daśaratha","sequence":[[{"steps":["Rāma kisses Bharata's head, draws him close, and asks why he has left their father to come to the forest looking so distressed (94.1–3)"],"from":1,"to":3,"sarga":94},{"steps":["still unaware of Daśaratha's death, he asks after him, the mothers, the priests, and their teachers (94.4–9)"],"from":4,"to":9,"sarga":94},{"steps":["he asks whether Bharata consults capable ministers, keeps counsel confidential, makes decisions promptly, and avoids both solitary judgment and overlarge councils (94.10–16)"],"from":10,"to":16,"sarga":94},{"steps":["he stresses the value of a single wise adviser over many incapable ones (94.17–19)"],"from":17,"to":19,"sarga":94},{"steps":["he asks about trustworthy appointments, military leadership, treatment of officers, and timely food and pay for troops (94.20–27)"],"from":20,"to":27,"sarga":94},{"steps":["he asks about loyal supporters, capable envoys, and intelligence gathered through three unrecognized spies for each of eighteen enemy officials and fifteen of Bharata's own","he warns against underestimating defeated enemies who return, and against relying on teachers of materialist reasoning whom he considers misleading (94.28–33)."],"from":28,"to":33,"sarga":94}],[{"steps":["Rāma then asks whether the city and countryside are secure, farmers and herdsmen protected, water available, and grievances addressed (94.34–41)"],"from":34,"to":41,"sarga":94},{"steps":["he asks about the royal household, elephant forests, fort supplies, revenue, spending, and impartial justice","innocent people must not be convicted for money, nor guilty people released through bribery (94.42–50)"],"from":42,"to":50,"sarga":94},{"steps":["he asks whether the young, old, physicians, guests, and religious communities receive care and respect","he warns against falsehood, anger, negligence, laziness, and other failures of rule, and reminds Bharata to share his comforts rather than enjoy them alone (94.51–59)."],"from":51,"to":59,"sarga":94}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.094.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"āghrāya rāmas taṃ mūrdhni pariṣvajya ca rāghavaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"aṅke bharatam āropya paryapṛcchat samāhitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having kissed Bharata upon his head and embraced him, Rāghava Rāma set him upon his lap and, composed, questioned him.","w":[["āghrāya","having smelled (kissed upon)"],["rāmas","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["taṃ","him"],["mūrdhni","on the head"],["pariṣvajya","having embraced"],["ca","and"],["rāghavaḥ","Rāghava"],["aṅke","on his lap"],["bharatam","Bharata"],["āropya","having placed"],["paryapṛcchat","questioned"],["samāhitaḥ","composed, attentive"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.094.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kva nu te 'bhūt pitā tāta yad araṇyaṃ tvam āgataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na hi tvaṃ jīvatas tasya vanam āgantum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"“Where indeed was your father, dear one, that you have come to the forest? For while he lives you ought not to come to the woods.","w":[["kva nu","where indeed"],["te","your"],["'bhūt","was","abhūt"],["pitā","father"],["tāta","dear one"],["yad","that","yat"],["araṇyaṃ","to the forest"],["tvam","you"],["āgataḥ","(are) come"],["na hi","for not"],["tvaṃ","you"],["jīvatas","while he lives","jīvataḥ"],["tasya","of him"],["vanam","to the forest"],["āgantum","to come"],["arhasi","you ought"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.094.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"cirasya bata paśyāmi dūrād bharatam āgatam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"duṣpratīkam araṇye 'smin kiṃ tāta vanam āgataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"After a long while, alas, I behold Bharata come from afar, sad of aspect, into this forest — why, dear one, have you come to the woods?","w":[["cirasya","after a long time"],["bata","alas"],["paśyāmi","I see"],["dūrād","from afar","dūrāt"],["bharatam","Bharata"],["āgatam","come"],["duṣpratīkam","of sad, altered aspect","",[["dus","ill, hard"],["pratīka","appearance, face"]]],["araṇye","in the forest"],["'smin","this","asmin"],["kiṃ","why"],["tāta","dear one"],["vanam","to the forest"],["āgataḥ","(are) come"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.094.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid daśaratho rājā kuśalī satyasaṃgaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rājasūyāśvamedhānām āhartā dharmaniścayaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Is King Daśaratha well — he true to his word, performer of the rājasūya and aśvamedha sacrifices, firm in dharma?","w":[["kaccid","is it that, I trust","kaccit"],["daśaratho","Daśaratha","daśarathaḥ"],["rājā","the king"],["kuśalī","well, in good health"],["satyasaṃgaraḥ","true to his promise","",[["satya","true"],["saṃgara","promise, agreement"]]],["rājasūyāśvamedhānām","of the rājasūya and aśvamedha (rites)","",[["rājasūya","royal consecration rite"],["aśvamedha","horse sacrifice"]]],["āhartā","performer"],["dharmaniścayaḥ","firm in dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["niścaya","resolve, certainty"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.094.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa kaccid brāhmaṇo vidvān dharmanityo mahādyutiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ikṣvākūṇām upādhyāyo yathāvat tāta pūjyate","q":null}],"tr":"Is that learned brāhmaṇa — ever devoted to dharma, of great splendor, the preceptor of the Ikṣvākus — duly honored, dear one?","w":[["sa","that","saḥ"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["brāhmaṇo","brāhmaṇa","brāhmaṇaḥ"],["vidvān","learned"],["dharmanityo","ever devoted to dharma","dharmanityaḥ",[["dharma","dharma"],["nitya","constant"]]],["mahādyutiḥ","of great splendor","",[["mahā","great"],["dyuti","radiance"]]],["ikṣvākūṇām","of the Ikṣvākus"],["upādhyāyo","preceptor","upādhyāyaḥ"],["yathāvat","duly, properly"],["tāta","dear one"],["pūjyate","is honored"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.094.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tāta kaccic ca kausalyā sumitrā ca prajāvatī","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sukhinī kaccid āryā ca devī nandati kaikayī","q":null}],"tr":"And, dear one, are Kausalyā and Sumitrā, blessed with offspring, happy? And does the noble queen Kaikeyī rejoice?","w":[["tāta","dear one"],["kaccic","and is it that","kaccit"],["ca","and"],["kausalyā","Kausalyā"],["sumitrā","Sumitrā"],["ca","and"],["prajāvatī","blessed with offspring","",[["prajā","offspring"],["vat","possessing"]]],["sukhinī","happy"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["āryā","the noble"],["ca","and"],["devī","queen"],["nandati","rejoices"],["kaikayī","Kaikeyī"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.094.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid vinaya saṃpannaḥ kulaputro bahuśrutaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anasūyur anudraṣṭā satkṛtas te purohitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Is your family priest — endowed with good conduct, of noble birth, deeply learned, free from envy, and discerning — duly honored?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["vinaya saṃpannaḥ","endowed with discipline","",[["vinaya","discipline, good conduct"],["saṃpanna","endowed"]]],["kulaputro","of noble family","kulaputraḥ",[["kula","family"],["putra","son"]]],["bahuśrutaḥ","deeply learned","",[["bahu","much"],["śruta","learned, heard"]]],["anasūyur","free from envy","anasūyuḥ"],["anudraṣṭā","discerning, one who oversees"],["satkṛtas","honored","satkṛtaḥ",[["sat","good, well"],["kṛta","done, treated"]]],["te","your"],["purohitaḥ","family priest"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.094.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid agniṣu te yukto vidhijño matimān ṛjuḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hutaṃ ca hoṣyamāṇaṃ ca kāle vedayate sadā","q":null}],"tr":"Is the one set over your sacred fires — knowing the rites, wise, upright — always informing you in time of what has been offered and what is yet to be offered?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["agniṣu","over the fires"],["te","your"],["yukto","appointed, engaged","yuktaḥ"],["vidhijño","knowing the rites","vidhijñaḥ",[["vidhi","rite, injunction"],["jña","knowing"]]],["matimān","wise","",[["mati","thought"],["mat","possessing"]]],["ṛjuḥ","upright"],["hutaṃ","what has been offered"],["ca","and"],["hoṣyamāṇaṃ","what is to be offered"],["ca","and"],["kāle","in time"],["vedayate","informs, reports"],["sadā","always"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.094.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"iṣvastravarasaṃpannam arthaśāstraviśāradam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sudhanvānam upādhyāyaṃ kaccit tvaṃ tāta manyase","q":null}],"tr":"Do you, dear one, esteem your preceptor Sudhanvan, master of the finest archery and weaponry, and skilled in the science of statecraft?","w":[["iṣvastravarasaṃpannam","endowed with the best of arrows and weapons","",[["iṣu","arrow"],["astra","weapon"],["vara","best"],["saṃpanna","endowed"]]],["arthaśāstraviśāradam","skilled in the science of polity","",[["artha","polity, wealth"],["śāstra","science, treatise"],["viśārada","skilled"]]],["sudhanvānam","Sudhanvan (by name)"],["upādhyāyaṃ","preceptor"],["kaccit","is it that"],["tvaṃ","you"],["tāta","dear one"],["manyase","esteem, regard"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.094.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid ātma samāḥ śūrāḥ śrutavanto jitendriyāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kulīnāś ceṅgitajñāś ca kṛtās te tāta mantriṇaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Are your ministers made men like yourself — brave, learned, self-controlled, of noble birth, and skilled in reading gestures, dear one?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["ātma samāḥ","equal to yourself","",[["ātman","self"],["sama","equal"]]],["śūrāḥ","brave"],["śrutavanto","learned","śrutavantaḥ",[["śruta","learning"],["vat","possessing"]]],["jitendriyāḥ","with senses conquered","",[["jita","conquered"],["indriya","sense"]]],["kulīnāś","of noble birth","kulīnāḥ"],["ceṅgitajñāś","and skilled in reading gestures","ca iṅgitajñāḥ",[["iṅgita","gesture, hint"],["jña","knowing"]]],["ca","and"],["kṛtās","made","kṛtāḥ"],["te","your"],["tāta","dear one"],["mantriṇaḥ","ministers"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.094.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"mantro vijayamūlaṃ hi rājñāṃ bhavati rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"susaṃvṛto mantradharair amātyaiḥ śāstrakovidaiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"For counsel, well guarded by counsel-keeping ministers versed in the śāstras, becomes the root of victory for kings, O Rāghava.","w":[["mantro","counsel","mantraḥ"],["vijayamūlaṃ","the root of victory","",[["vijaya","victory"],["mūla","root"]]],["hi","for"],["rājñāṃ","of kings"],["bhavati","becomes, is"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["susaṃvṛto","well guarded","susaṃvṛtaḥ",[["su","well"],["saṃvṛta","guarded, concealed"]]],["mantradharair","by counsel-keepers","mantradharaiḥ",[["mantra","counsel"],["dhara","holding"]]],["amātyaiḥ","by ministers"],["śāstrakovidaiḥ","versed in the śāstras","",[["śāstra","treatise"],["kovida","versed"]]]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.094.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin nidrāvaśaṃ naiṣi kaccit kāle vibudhyase","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kac ciṃś cāpararātriṣu cintayasy arthanaipuṇam","q":null}],"tr":"Do you not fall under the sway of sleep? Do you wake at the proper hour? And in the last watches of the night do you ponder what is expedient in affairs?","w":[["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["nidrāvaśaṃ","under the sway of sleep","",[["nidrā","sleep"],["vaśa","control, sway"]]],["naiṣi","you do not fall into","na eṣi"],["kaccit","is it that"],["kāle","at the (right) time"],["vibudhyase","you wake up"],["kac ciṃś","and is it that (do you)","kaccit"],["cāpararātriṣu","and in the late watches of night","ca apararātriṣu",[["apara","later"],["rātri","night"]]],["cintayasy","you ponder","cintayasi"],["arthanaipuṇam","skill in affairs, what is expedient","",[["artha","affair"],["naipuṇa","skill, adroitness"]]]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.094.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin mantrayase naikaḥ kaccin na bahubhiḥ saha","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccit te mantrito mantro rāṣṭraṃ na paridhāvati","q":null}],"tr":"Do you not deliberate alone, nor yet with too many? Does the counsel you have resolved not leak out over the kingdom?","w":[["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["mantrayase","you deliberate"],["naikaḥ","not alone","na ekaḥ"],["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["na","not"],["bahubhiḥ","with many"],["saha","together with"],["kaccit","is it that"],["te","your"],["mantrito","deliberated, resolved","mantritaḥ"],["mantro","counsel","mantraḥ"],["rāṣṭraṃ","the kingdom"],["na","not"],["paridhāvati","runs about, leaks out"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.094.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid arthaṃ viniścitya laghumūlaṃ mahodayam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kṣipram ārabhase kartuṃ na dīrghayasi rāghava","q":null}],"tr":"Having settled on an undertaking of small outlay and great result, do you set about it quickly and not drag it out, O Rāghava?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["arthaṃ","the matter, aim"],["viniścitya","having determined"],["laghumūlaṃ","of small outlay","",[["laghu","light, small"],["mūla","root, capital"]]],["mahodayam","of great result","mahā-udayam",[["mahā","great"],["udaya","rise, gain"]]],["kṣipram","quickly"],["ārabhase","you undertake"],["kartuṃ","to do"],["na","not"],["dīrghayasi","you prolong, delay"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.094.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit tu sukṛtāny eva kṛtarūpāṇi vā punaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vidus te sarvakāryāṇi na kartavyāni pārthivāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Do rival kings come to know your undertakings only when they are already well accomplished, or at least as good as done — and never while still to be done?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["tu","but, indeed"],["sukṛtāny","well-done","sukṛtāni",[["su","well"],["kṛta","done"]]],["eva","only"],["kṛtarūpāṇi","as good as done","",[["kṛta","done"],["rūpa","form, appearance"]]],["vā","or"],["punaḥ","again, at least"],["vidus","know","viduḥ"],["te","your"],["sarvakāryāṇi","all undertakings","",[["sarva","all"],["kārya","task, undertaking"]]],["na","not"],["kartavyāni","(while) yet to be done"],["pārthivāḥ","the (rival) kings"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.094.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin na tarkair yuktvā vā ye cāpy aparikīrtitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tvayā vā tava vāmātyair budhyate tāta mantritam","q":null}],"tr":"Is your resolved counsel never found out by others through mere conjecture, nor through matters left unproclaimed by you or by your ministers, dear one?","w":[["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["na","not"],["tarkair","by conjectures","tarkaiḥ"],["yuktvā","having applied"],["vā","or"],["ye","which (matters)"],["cāpy","and even","ca api"],["aparikīrtitāḥ","unproclaimed","",[["a","un-"],["parikīrtita","proclaimed, announced"]]],["tvayā","by you"],["vā","or"],["tava","your"],["vāmātyair","or by ministers","vā amātyaiḥ"],["budhyate","is discerned"],["tāta","dear one"],["mantritam","the counsel"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.094.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit sahasrān mūrkhāṇām ekam icchasi paṇḍitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"paṇḍito hy arthakṛcchreṣu kuryān niḥśreyasaṃ mahat","q":null}],"tr":"Do you prefer one learned man to a thousand fools? For in times of dire need a learned man can accomplish great good.","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["sahasrān","than a thousand","sahasrāt"],["mūrkhāṇām","of fools"],["ekam","one"],["icchasi","you prefer, desire"],["paṇḍitam","a learned man"],["paṇḍito","the learned man","paṇḍitaḥ"],["hy","for","hi"],["arthakṛcchreṣu","in dire straits of affairs","",[["artha","affair, wealth"],["kṛcchra","difficulty, distress"]]],["kuryān","could do","kuryāt"],["niḥśreyasaṃ","the highest good","",[["niḥ","out, forth"],["śreyas","good, welfare"]]],["mahat","great"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.094.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sahasrāṇy api mūrkhāṇāṃ yady upāste mahīpatiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"atha vāpy ayutāny eva nāsti teṣu sahāyatā","q":null}],"tr":"Even if a king should retain thousands of fools, or even tens of thousands, there is no help to be had in them.","w":[["sahasrāṇy","thousands","sahasrāṇi"],["api","even"],["mūrkhāṇāṃ","of fools"],["yady","if","yadi"],["upāste","retains, attends on"],["mahīpatiḥ","the king","",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]],["atha vāpy","or else","atha vā api"],["ayutāny","tens of thousands","ayutāni"],["eva","even"],["nāsti","there is not","na asti"],["teṣu","in them"],["sahāyatā","helpfulness, assistance"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.094.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"eko 'py amātyo medhāvī śūro dakṣo vicakṣaṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rājānaṃ rājamātraṃ vā prāpayen mahatīṃ śriyam","q":null}],"tr":"Even a single minister who is wise, brave, capable, and discerning can bring a king, or a king's deputy, to great fortune.","w":[["eko","one","ekaḥ"],["'py","even","api"],["amātyo","minister","amātyaḥ"],["medhāvī","wise, intelligent"],["śūro","brave","śūraḥ"],["dakṣo","capable","dakṣaḥ"],["vicakṣaṇaḥ","discerning"],["rājānaṃ","a king"],["rājamātraṃ","a mere king's officer, deputy","",[["rāja","king"],["mātra","mere, of the measure of"]]],["vā","or"],["prāpayen","could bring to","prāpayet"],["mahatīṃ","great"],["śriyam","fortune, prosperity"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.094.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin mukhyā mahatsv eva madhyameṣu ca madhyamāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"jaghanyāś ca jaghanyeṣu bhṛtyāḥ karmasu yojitāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Are your servants set to their tasks by rank — the highest in high offices, the middling in middling ones, and the lowest in lowly ones?","w":[["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["mukhyā","the chief ones","mukhyāḥ"],["mahatsv","in great (offices)","mahatsu"],["eva","only"],["madhyameṣu","in middling (offices)"],["ca","and"],["madhyamāḥ","the middling ones"],["jaghanyāś","the lowest","jaghanyāḥ"],["ca","and"],["jaghanyeṣu","in lowly (offices)"],["bhṛtyāḥ","servants"],["karmasu","in tasks"],["yojitāḥ","engaged, employed"]]},{"v":21,"ref":"2.094.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"amātyān upadhātītān pitṛpaitāmahāñ śucīn","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śreṣṭhāñ śreṣṭheṣu kaccit tvaṃ niyojayasi karmasu","q":null}],"tr":"Do you appoint to the highest offices ministers who have passed the tests of integrity, inherited from your fathers and grandfathers, pure, and the best in the best of tasks?","w":[["amātyān","ministers"],["upadhātītān","who have passed the tests (of integrity)","",[["upadhā","test, temptation"],["atīta","passed beyond"]]],["pitṛpaitāmahāñ","(inherited) from father and grandfather","pitṛpaitāmahān",[["pitṛ","father"],["paitāmaha","of the grandfather"]]],["śucīn","pure"],["śreṣṭhāñ","the best","śreṣṭhān"],["śreṣṭheṣu","in the best (offices)"],["kaccit","is it that"],["tvaṃ","you"],["niyojayasi","you appoint"],["karmasu","in tasks, offices"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"2.094.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit tvāṃ nāvajānanti yājakāḥ patitaṃ yathā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ugrapratigrahītāraṃ kāmayānam iva striyaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Do your people not despise you, as officiating priests despise a fallen man, or as women despise a fierce, rapacious lecher?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["tvāṃ","you"],["nāvajānanti","do not despise","na avajānanti"],["yājakāḥ","sacrificial priests"],["patitaṃ","a fallen man"],["yathā","as"],["ugrapratigrahītāraṃ","a fierce, rapacious taker","",[["ugra","fierce"],["pratigrahītṛ","one who takes, receiver"]]],["kāmayānam","a lustful man"],["iva","as"],["striyaḥ","women"]]},{"v":23,"ref":"2.094.023","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"upāyakuśalaṃ vaidyaṃ bhṛtyasaṃdūṣaṇe ratam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śūram aiśvaryakāmaṃ ca yo na hanti sa vadhyate","q":null}],"tr":"Whoever fails to strike down a physician cunning in stratagems who is bent on corrupting his servants, and a bold man greedy for power, is himself struck down.","w":[["upāyakuśalaṃ","skilled in stratagems","",[["upāya","means, stratagem"],["kuśala","skilled"]]],["vaidyaṃ","a physician"],["bhṛtyasaṃdūṣaṇe","in corrupting the servants","",[["bhṛtya","servant"],["saṃdūṣaṇa","corrupting, spoiling"]]],["ratam","intent"],["śūram","a bold man"],["aiśvaryakāmaṃ","greedy for power","",[["aiśvarya","sovereignty, power"],["kāma","desire"]]],["ca","and"],["yo","who","yaḥ"],["na","not"],["hanti","slays, strikes down"],["sa","he","saḥ"],["vadhyate","is (himself) slain"]]},{"v":24,"ref":"2.094.024","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid dhṛṣṭaś ca śūraś ca dhṛtimān matimāñ śuciḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kulīnaś cānuraktaś ca dakṣaḥ senāpatiḥ kṛtaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Is your commander-in-chief a man made bold and brave, steadfast, wise, pure, of noble birth, devoted, and capable?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["dhṛṣṭaś","bold","dhṛṣṭaḥ"],["ca","and"],["śūraś","brave","śūraḥ"],["ca","and"],["dhṛtimān","steadfast","",[["dhṛti","firmness"],["mat","possessing"]]],["matimāñ","wise","matimān",[["mati","thought"],["mat","possessing"]]],["śuciḥ","pure"],["kulīnaś","of noble birth","kulīnaḥ"],["cānuraktaś","and devoted","ca anuraktaḥ"],["ca","and"],["dakṣaḥ","capable"],["senāpatiḥ","commander","senā-patiḥ",[["senā","army"],["pati","lord"]]],["kṛtaḥ","made"]]},{"v":25,"ref":"2.094.025","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"balavantaś ca kaccit te mukhyā yuddhaviśāradāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dṛṣṭāpadānā vikrāntās tvayā satkṛtya mānitāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"And are your chief warriors — strong, skilled in battle, of proven exploits and valorous — duly honored and respected by you?","w":[["balavantaś","strong","balavantaḥ",[["bala","strength"],["vat","possessing"]]],["ca","and"],["kaccit","is it that"],["te","your"],["mukhyā","chief ones","mukhyāḥ"],["yuddhaviśāradāḥ","skilled in battle","",[["yuddha","battle"],["viśārada","skilled"]]],["dṛṣṭāpadānā","of proven exploits","dṛṣṭāpadānāḥ",[["dṛṣṭa","seen, proven"],["apadāna","exploit, feat"]]],["vikrāntās","valorous","vikrāntāḥ"],["tvayā","by you"],["satkṛtya","having honored"],["mānitāḥ","respected"]]},{"v":26,"ref":"2.094.026","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ka cid balasya bhaktaṃ ca vetanaṃ ca yathocitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"saṃprāptakālaṃ dātavyaṃ dadāsi na vilambase","q":null}],"tr":"Do you give the army its due rations and pay, as befitting, when the time for it has come, and not delay?","w":[["ka cid","is it that","kaccit"],["balasya","of the army"],["bhaktaṃ","rations, food"],["ca","and"],["vetanaṃ","wages, pay"],["ca","and"],["yathocitam","as is fitting","yathā ucitam"],["saṃprāptakālaṃ","when the time has come","",[["saṃprāpta","arrived"],["kāla","time"]]],["dātavyaṃ","to be given"],["dadāsi","you give"],["na","not"],["vilambase","you delay"]]},{"v":27,"ref":"2.094.027","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kālātikramaṇe hy eva bhakta vetanayor bhṛtāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhartuḥ kupyanti duṣyanti so 'narthaḥ sumahān smṛtaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"For when the time for their rations and pay is overstepped, hired men grow enraged with their master and turn disloyal; that is reckoned a very great calamity.","w":[["kālātikramaṇe","in overstepping the time","",[["kāla","time"],["atikramaṇa","transgression, overstepping"]]],["hy","for","hi"],["eva","indeed"],["bhakta vetanayor","of rations and pay (both)","vetanayoḥ",[["bhakta","rations, food"],["vetana","pay"]]],["bhṛtāḥ","the hired men"],["bhartuḥ","with their master"],["kupyanti","grow angry"],["duṣyanti","turn disloyal, corrupt"],["so","that","saḥ"],["'narthaḥ","calamity","anarthaḥ"],["sumahān","very great","",[["su","very"],["mahat","great"]]],["smṛtaḥ","is reckoned"]]},{"v":28,"ref":"2.094.028","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit sarve 'nuraktās tvāṃ kulaputrāḥ pradhānataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccit prāṇāṃs tavārtheṣu saṃtyajanti samāhitāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Are all the noble-born chiefly devoted to you? Do they, resolute, lay down their very lives in your cause?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["sarve","all"],["'nuraktās","devoted","anuraktāḥ"],["tvāṃ","to you"],["kulaputrāḥ","the noble-born","",[["kula","family"],["putra","son"]]],["pradhānataḥ","chiefly, principally"],["kaccit","is it that"],["prāṇāṃs","their lives","prāṇān"],["tavārtheṣu","in your causes","tava artheṣu",[["artha","cause, purpose"]]],["saṃtyajanti","lay down, give up"],["samāhitāḥ","resolute, composed"]]},{"v":29,"ref":"2.094.029","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccij jānapado vidvān dakṣiṇaḥ pratibhānavān","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yathoktavādī dūtas te kṛto bharata paṇḍitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Is your envoy made a man of the realm, learned, dexterous, quick-witted, reporting exactly as instructed, and wise, O Bharata?","w":[["kaccij","is it that","kaccit"],["jānapado","a native of the realm","jānapadaḥ"],["vidvān","learned"],["dakṣiṇaḥ","dexterous, able"],["pratibhānavān","quick-witted","",[["pratibhāna","ready wit"],["vat","possessing"]]],["yathoktavādī","reporting exactly as told","",[["yathā","as"],["ukta","spoken"],["vādin","speaking"]]],["dūtas","envoy","dūtaḥ"],["te","your"],["kṛto","made","kṛtaḥ"],["bharata","O Bharata"],["paṇḍitaḥ","learned, wise"]]},{"v":30,"ref":"2.094.030","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid aṣṭādaśāny eṣu svapakṣe daśa pañca ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tribhis tribhir avijñātair vetsi tīrthāni cārakaiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Do you keep watch, through three unknown spies for each, on the eighteen high officials of the foe and the fifteen on your own side?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["aṣṭādaśāny","the eighteen","aṣṭādaśāni"],["eṣu","among these"],["svapakṣe","on one's own side","",[["sva","own"],["pakṣa","side, party"]]],["daśa","ten"],["pañca","five"],["ca","and"],["tribhis","by three","tribhiḥ"],["tribhir","by three (each)","tribhiḥ"],["avijñātair","unknown, unrecognized","avijñātaiḥ"],["vetsi","you keep track of"],["tīrthāni","the (vulnerable) posts, key offices"],["cārakaiḥ","by spies"]]},{"v":31,"ref":"2.094.031","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid vyapāstān ahitān pratiyātāṃś ca sarvadā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"durbalān anavajñāya vartase ripusūdana","q":null}],"tr":"O slayer of foes, do you always deal with your driven-off enemies who have returned without underestimating them, weak though they be?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["vyapāstān","driven off, cast out","",[["vi","away"],["apāsta","cast off"]]],["ahitān","enemies","",[["a","un-"],["hita","friendly"]]],["pratiyātāṃś","(who have) come back","pratiyātān"],["ca","and"],["sarvadā","always"],["durbalān","the weak","",[["dur","hard, ill"],["bala","strength"]]],["anavajñāya","not underrating"],["vartase","you conduct yourself"],["ripusūdana","O slayer of foes","",[["ripu","foe"],["sūdana","destroyer"]]]]},{"v":32,"ref":"2.094.032","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin na lokāyatikān brāhmaṇāṃs tāta sevase","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anartha kuśalā hy ete bālāḥ paṇḍitamāninaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Do you not, dear one, resort to brāhmaṇas of the materialist school? For these are adept only at mischief — mere fools who fancy themselves learned.","w":[["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["na","not"],["lokāyatikān","materialists (followers of Lokāyata)"],["brāhmaṇāṃs","brāhmaṇas","brāhmaṇān"],["tāta","dear one"],["sevase","you resort to, serve"],["anartha kuśalā","adept at mischief","kuśalāḥ",[["anartha","harm, mischief"],["kuśala","skilled"]]],["hy","for","hi"],["ete","these"],["bālāḥ","childish, fools"],["paṇḍitamāninaḥ","fancying themselves learned","",[["paṇḍita","learned"],["mānin","considering oneself"]]]]},{"v":33,"ref":"2.094.033","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dharmaśāstreṣu mukhyeṣu vidyamāneṣu durbudhāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"buddhimān vīkṣikīṃ prāpya nirarthaṃ pravadanti te","q":null}],"tr":"Though the principal treatises on dharma are at hand, those dull-witted men — each fancying himself wise — resort to bare logic and prate to no purpose.","w":[["dharmaśāstreṣu","in the treatises on dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["śāstra","treatise"]]],["mukhyeṣu","the principal"],["vidyamāneṣu","being available, at hand"],["durbudhāḥ","the dull-witted","",[["dur","ill"],["budha","wise, understanding"]]],["buddhimān","the (self-styled) wise","",[["buddhi","intellect"],["mat","possessing"]]],["vīkṣikīṃ","the science of logic","(ān)vīkṣikīṃ"],["prāpya","having resorted to"],["nirarthaṃ","to no purpose","nir-arthaṃ",[["nir","without"],["artha","purpose, meaning"]]],["pravadanti","they prate, declaim"],["te","they"]]},{"v":34,"ref":"2.094.034","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vīrair adhyuṣitāṃ pūrvam asmākaṃ tāta pūrvakaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"satyanāmāṃ dṛḍhadvārāṃ hastyaśvarathasaṃkulām","q":null}],"tr":"Do you well protect Ayodhyā — inhabited of old by our heroic forebears, dear one, true to its name, with sturdy gates, thronged with elephants, horses, and chariots,","w":[["vīrair","by heroes","vīraiḥ"],["adhyuṣitāṃ","inhabited"],["pūrvam","of old, formerly"],["asmākaṃ","our"],["tāta","dear one"],["pūrvakaiḥ","by ancestors, forebears"],["satyanāmāṃ","true to its name","",[["satya","true"],["nāman","name"]]],["dṛḍhadvārāṃ","with sturdy gates","",[["dṛḍha","firm"],["dvāra","gate"]]],["hastyaśvarathasaṃkulām","thronged with elephants, horses, and chariots","",[["hastin","elephant"],["aśva","horse"],["ratha","chariot"],["saṃkula","crowded"]]]]},{"v":35,"ref":"2.094.035","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyair vaiśyaiḥ svakarmanirataiḥ sadā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"jitendriyair mahotsāhair vṛtāmātyaiḥ sahasraśaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"filled with brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas, and vaiśyas ever devoted to their own duties, self-controlled and of great energy, and thronged by ministers in their thousands,","w":[["brāhmaṇaiḥ","by brāhmaṇas"],["kṣatriyair","by kṣatriyas","kṣatriyaiḥ"],["vaiśyaiḥ","by vaiśyas"],["svakarmanirataiḥ","devoted to their own duties","",[["sva","own"],["karman","duty, work"],["nirata","devoted"]]],["sadā","always"],["jitendriyair","with senses conquered","jitendriyaiḥ",[["jita","conquered"],["indriya","sense"]]],["mahotsāhair","of great energy","mahotsāhaiḥ",[["mahā","great"],["utsāha","energy, zeal"]]],["vṛtāmātyaiḥ","surrounded by ministers","vṛtām amātyaiḥ",[["vṛta","surrounded"],["amātya","minister"]]],["sahasraśaḥ","by the thousand"]]},{"v":36,"ref":"2.094.036","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"prāsādair vividhākārair vṛtāṃ vaidyajanākulām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccit samuditāṃ sphītām ayodhyāṃ parirakṣasi","q":null}],"tr":"girt with palaces of every kind and thronged with learned folk — do you protect Ayodhyā well, prosperous and flourishing?","w":[["prāsādair","with palaces","prāsādaiḥ"],["vividhākārair","of various forms","vividhākāraiḥ",[["vividha","various"],["ākāra","form"]]],["vṛtāṃ","surrounded, girt"],["vaidyajanākulām","thronged with learned folk","",[["vaidya","learned, physician"],["jana","people"],["ākula","crowded"]]],["kaccit","is it that"],["samuditāṃ","prosperous, flourishing"],["sphītām","swollen, thriving"],["ayodhyāṃ","Ayodhyā"],["parirakṣasi","you protect well"]]},{"v":37,"ref":"2.094.037","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccic caityaśatair juṣṭaḥ suniviṣṭajanākulaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"devasthānaiḥ prapābhiś ca taḍāgaiś copaśobhitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Is the realm graced with hundreds of shrines, crowded with well-settled folk, and adorned with temples, water-halls, and tanks,","w":[["kaccic","is it that","kaccit"],["caityaśatair","with hundreds of shrines","caityaśataiḥ",[["caitya","shrine"],["śata","hundred"]]],["juṣṭaḥ","graced, endowed"],["suniviṣṭajanākulaḥ","crowded with well-settled people","",[["su","well"],["niviṣṭa","settled"],["jana","people"],["ākula","crowded"]]],["devasthānaiḥ","with temples","devasthānaiḥ",[["deva","god"],["sthāna","place"]]],["prapābhiś","with water-halls","prapābhiḥ"],["ca","and"],["taḍāgaiś","with tanks, ponds","taḍāgaiḥ"],["copaśobhitaḥ","and adorned","ca upaśobhitaḥ"]]},{"v":38,"ref":"2.094.038","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"prahṛṣṭanaranārīkaḥ samājotsavaśobhitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sukṛṣṭasīmā paśumān hiṃsābhir abhivarjitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"with its men and women full of joy, resplendent with assemblies and festivals, its fields well tilled, rich in cattle, free from acts of violence,","w":[["prahṛṣṭanaranārīkaḥ","with joyful men and women","",[["prahṛṣṭa","delighted"],["nara","man"],["nārī","woman"]]],["samājotsavaśobhitaḥ","resplendent with assemblies and festivals","",[["samāja","assembly"],["utsava","festival"],["śobhita","adorned"]]],["sukṛṣṭasīmā","with well-plowed borderlands","",[["su","well"],["kṛṣṭa","plowed"],["sīman","border, field"]]],["paśumān","rich in cattle","",[["paśu","cattle"],["mat","possessing"]]],["hiṃsābhir","by acts of violence","hiṃsābhiḥ"],["abhivarjitaḥ","free from, devoid of"]]},{"v":39,"ref":"2.094.039","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"adevamātṛko ramyaḥ śvāpadaiḥ parivarjitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccij janapadaḥ sphītaḥ sukhaṃ vasati rāghava","q":null}],"tr":"not dependent on rain alone, delightful, and free of beasts of prey — does your thriving realm, O Rāghava, dwell in happiness?","w":[["adevamātṛko","not dependent on rain (well-watered)","adevamātṛkaḥ",[["a","not"],["deva","god (rain)"],["mātṛka","fed by, mother-like"]]],["ramyaḥ","delightful"],["śvāpadaiḥ","by beasts of prey"],["parivarjitaḥ","free from"],["kaccij","is it that","kaccit"],["janapadaḥ","the realm, country","",[["jana","people"],["pada","abode"]]],["sphītaḥ","thriving, prosperous"],["sukhaṃ","happily"],["vasati","dwells"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"]]},{"v":40,"ref":"2.094.040","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit te dayitāḥ sarve kṛṣigorakṣajīvinaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vārtāyāṃ saṃśritas tāta loko hi sukham edhate","q":null}],"tr":"Are all those who live by farming and cattle-keeping dear to you? For the people who depend on husbandry, dear one, thrive in happiness.","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["te","to you"],["dayitāḥ","dear, cherished"],["sarve","all"],["kṛṣigorakṣajīvinaḥ","those living by farming and cattle-tending","",[["kṛṣi","agriculture"],["go","cattle"],["rakṣa","tending"],["jīvin","living by"]]],["vārtāyāṃ","on husbandry"],["saṃśritas","dependent, resorting","saṃśritaḥ"],["tāta","dear one"],["loko","the people","lokaḥ"],["hi","for"],["sukham","happily"],["edhate","thrives, prospers"]]},{"v":41,"ref":"2.094.041","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"teṣāṃ guptiparīhāraiḥ kaccit te bharaṇaṃ kṛtam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rakṣyā hi rājñā dharmeṇa sarve viṣayavāsinaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Do you provide for their upkeep by protection and the redress of grievances? For all who dwell in the realm must be protected by the king according to dharma.","w":[["teṣāṃ","their, of them"],["guptiparīhāraiḥ","by protection and warding off of troubles","guptiparīhāraiḥ",[["gupti","protection"],["parīhāra","warding off, redress"]]],["kaccit","is it that"],["te","by you"],["bharaṇaṃ","maintenance, support"],["kṛtam","done, made"],["rakṣyā","to be protected"],["hi","for"],["rājñā","by the king"],["dharmeṇa","according to dharma"],["sarve","all"],["viṣayavāsinaḥ","the dwellers in the realm","",[["viṣaya","realm, domain"],["vāsin","dweller"]]]]},{"v":42,"ref":"2.094.042","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit striyaḥ sāntvayasi kaccit tāś ca surakṣitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccin na śraddadhāsyāsāṃ kaccid guhyaṃ na bhāṣase","q":null}],"tr":"Do you comfort the women of your household? Are they well protected? Do you not put excessive trust in them, nor tell them a secret?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["striyaḥ","the women"],["sāntvayasi","you comfort, console"],["kaccit","is it that"],["tāś","they","tāḥ"],["ca","and"],["surakṣitāḥ","well protected","",[["su","well"],["rakṣita","protected"]]],["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["na","not"],["śraddadhāsyāsāṃ","you (do not) trust in them","śraddadhāsi āsām"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["guhyaṃ","a secret"],["na","not"],["bhāṣase","you tell"]]},{"v":43,"ref":"2.094.043","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin nāga vanaṃ guptaṃ kuñjarāṇaṃ ca tṛpyasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccid darśayase nityaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ vibhūṣitam","q":null},{"p":"e","t":"utthāyotthāya pūrvāhṇe rājaputro mahāpathe","q":null}],"tr":"Is the elephant-forest well guarded, and are you satisfied with your supply of elephants? Do you, a prince, constantly show yourself adorned to the people upon the great highway, rising early each morning?","w":[["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["nāga vanaṃ","the elephant-forest","",[["nāga","elephant"],["vana","forest"]]],["guptaṃ","guarded, protected"],["kuñjarāṇaṃ","with elephants","kuñjarāṇām"],["ca","and"],["tṛpyasi","you are satisfied"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["darśayase","you show (yourself)"],["nityaṃ","constantly"],["manuṣyāṇāṃ","to the people (of men)"],["vibhūṣitam","adorned"],["utthāyotthāya","rising again and again","utthāya utthāya"],["pūrvāhṇe","in the early morning","",[["pūrva","early"],["ahṇa","(part of) day"]]],["rājaputro","a king's son, prince","rājaputraḥ",[["rāja","king"],["putra","son"]]],["mahāpathe","on the great highway","",[["mahā","great"],["patha","road"]]]]},{"v":44,"ref":"2.094.044","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit sarvāṇi durgāṇi dhanadhānyāyudhodakaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yantraiś ca paripūrṇāni tathā śilpidhanurdharaiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Are all your fortresses well stocked with money, grain, weapons, and water, with engines of war, and likewise with artisans and archers?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["sarvāṇi","all"],["durgāṇi","the fortresses"],["dhanadhānyāyudhodakaiḥ","with wealth, grain, weapons, and water","",[["dhana","wealth"],["dhānya","grain"],["āyudha","weapon"],["udaka","water"]]],["yantraiś","with engines (of war)","yantraiḥ"],["ca","and"],["paripūrṇāni","filled, well-stocked"],["tathā","likewise"],["śilpidhanurdharaiḥ","with artisans and bowmen","",[["śilpin","artisan"],["dhanurdhara","bowman"]]]]},{"v":45,"ref":"2.094.045","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"āyas te vipulaḥ kaccit kaccid alpataro vyayaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"apātreṣu na te kaccit kośo gacchati rāghava","q":null}],"tr":"Is your income ample and your expenditure the smaller? Does your treasure not go, O Rāghava, to unworthy recipients?","w":[["āyas","income","āyaḥ"],["te","your"],["vipulaḥ","ample, large"],["kaccit","is it that"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["alpataro","smaller","alpataraḥ"],["vyayaḥ","expenditure"],["apātreṣu","to the unworthy","",[["a","un-"],["pātra","worthy vessel, recipient"]]],["na","not"],["te","your"],["kaccit","is it that"],["kośo","treasure, treasury","kośaḥ"],["gacchati","goes"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"]]},{"v":46,"ref":"2.094.046","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"devatārthe ca pitrarthe brāhmaṇābhyāgateṣu ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yodheṣu mitravargeṣu kaccid gacchati te vyayaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Does your expenditure go toward the gods and the ancestors, toward brāhmaṇas and arriving guests, toward your warriors and the circle of your friends?","w":[["devatārthe","for the sake of the gods","",[["devatā","deity"],["artha","purpose"]]],["ca","and"],["pitrarthe","for the sake of the ancestors","",[["pitṛ","ancestor, father"],["artha","purpose"]]],["brāhmaṇābhyāgateṣu","toward brāhmaṇas and arriving guests","",[["brāhmaṇa","brāhmaṇa"],["abhyāgata","guest, comer"]]],["ca","and"],["yodheṣu","toward warriors"],["mitravargeṣu","toward the circle of friends","",[["mitra","friend"],["varga","group, circle"]]],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["gacchati","goes"],["te","your"],["vyayaḥ","expenditure"]]},{"v":47,"ref":"2.094.047","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid āryo viśuddhātmā kṣāritaś corakarmaṇā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"apṛṣṭaḥ śāstrakuśalair na lobhād badhyate śuciḥ","q":null}],"tr":"When a noble man of pure soul is falsely charged with an act of theft, is he — being innocent — not condemned unexamined, out of greed, by those skilled in the law?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["āryo","a noble man","āryaḥ"],["viśuddhātmā","of pure soul","",[["viśuddha","pure"],["ātman","self, soul"]]],["kṣāritaś","accused, charged","kṣāritaḥ"],["corakarmaṇā","with an act of theft","",[["cora","thief"],["karman","act"]]],["apṛṣṭaḥ","unexamined, unquestioned"],["śāstrakuśalair","by those skilled in the law","śāstrakuśalaiḥ",[["śāstra","law, treatise"],["kuśala","skilled"]]],["na","not"],["lobhād","out of greed","lobhāt"],["badhyate","is condemned, punished"],["śuciḥ","the pure (innocent) man"]]},{"v":48,"ref":"2.094.048","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gṛhītaś caiva pṛṣṭaś ca kāle dṛṣṭaḥ sakāraṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccin na mucyate coro dhanalobhān nararṣabha","q":null}],"tr":"And when a thief has been seized, interrogated, and duly found guilty with cause proven, is he not, O bull among men, released for greed of money?","w":[["gṛhītaś","seized","gṛhītaḥ"],["caiva","and indeed","ca eva"],["pṛṣṭaś","questioned","pṛṣṭaḥ"],["ca","and"],["kāle","in due time"],["dṛṣṭaḥ","seen, found"],["sakāraṇaḥ","with cause (guilty)","",[["sa","with"],["kāraṇa","cause, evidence"]]],["kaccin","is it that","kaccit"],["na","not"],["mucyate","is released"],["coro","the thief","coraḥ"],["dhanalobhān","out of greed for money","dhanalobhāt",[["dhana","money"],["lobha","greed"]]],["nararṣabha","O bull among men","",[["nara","man"],["ṛṣabha","bull"]]]]},{"v":49,"ref":"2.094.049","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vyasane kaccid āḍhyasya dugatasya ca rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"arthaṃ virāgāḥ paśyanti tavāmātyā bahuśrutāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"When a dispute arises between a rich man and a poor man, O Rāghava, do your learned ministers judge the matter free of bias?","w":[["vyasane","in a dispute, litigation"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["āḍhyasya","of the rich man"],["durgatasya","of the poor, wretched man","",[["dur","ill"],["gata","gone, faring"]]],["ca","and"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["arthaṃ","the matter, case"],["virāgāḥ","free of bias, impartial","",[["vi","without"],["rāga","passion, partiality"]]],["paśyanti","regard, judge"],["tavāmātyā","your ministers","tava amātyāḥ"],["bahuśrutāḥ","deeply learned","",[["bahu","much"],["śruta","learned"]]]]},{"v":50,"ref":"2.094.050","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yāni mithyābhiśastānāṃ patanty asrāṇi rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tāni putrapaśūn ghnanti prītyartham anuśāsataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"The tears that fall from those falsely accused, O Rāghava, destroy the sons and cattle of a ruler who governs only for his own pleasure.","w":[["yāni","which (tears)"],["mithyābhiśastānāṃ","of the falsely accused","",[["mithyā","falsely"],["abhiśasta","accused"]]],["patanty","fall","patanti"],["asrāṇi","tears"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["tāni","those (tears)"],["putrapaśūn","sons and cattle","",[["putra","son"],["paśu","cattle"]]],["ghnanti","slay, destroy"],["prītyartham","for the sake of (his own) pleasure","prīti-artham",[["prīti","pleasure, gratification"],["artha","sake"]]],["anuśāsataḥ","of the ruler who governs"]]},{"v":51,"ref":"2.094.051","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid vṛdhāṃś ca bālāṃś ca vaidyamukhyāṃś ca rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dānena manasā vācā tribhir etair bubhūṣase","q":null}],"tr":"Do you seek to sustain the aged, the young, and the chief physicians, O Rāghava, by these three — gift, thought, and word?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["vṛdhāṃś","the aged","vṛddhān"],["ca","and"],["bālāṃś","the young, children","bālān"],["ca","and"],["vaidyamukhyāṃś","the chief physicians","vaidyamukhyān",[["vaidya","physician"],["mukhya","chief"]]],["ca","and"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["dānena","by gift"],["manasā","by thought"],["vācā","by word"],["tribhir","by three","tribhiḥ"],["etair","these","etaiḥ"],["bubhūṣase","you seek to sustain, cherish"]]},{"v":52,"ref":"2.094.052","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid gurūṃś ca vṛddhāṃś ca tāpasān devatātithīn","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"caityāṃś ca sarvān siddhārthān brāhmaṇāṃś ca namasyasi","q":null}],"tr":"Do you pay homage to elders and the aged, to ascetics, to gods and guests, to all wish-fulfilling shrines, and to brāhmaṇas?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["gurūṃś","elders, teachers","gurūn"],["ca","and"],["vṛddhāṃś","the aged","vṛddhān"],["ca","and"],["tāpasān","ascetics"],["devatātithīn","gods and guests","",[["devatā","deity"],["atithi","guest"]]],["caityāṃś","shrines","caityān"],["ca","and"],["sarvān","all"],["siddhārthān","wish-fulfilling","",[["siddha","accomplished"],["artha","aim"]]],["brāhmaṇāṃś","brāhmaṇas","brāhmaṇān"],["ca","and"],["namasyasi","you pay homage to"]]},{"v":53,"ref":"2.094.053","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid arthena vā dharmaṃ dharmaṃ dharmeṇa vā punaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ubhau vā prītilobhena kāmena na vibādhase","q":null}],"tr":"Do you never injure dharma by wealth, nor dharma again by (misapplied) dharma, nor both by pleasure prompted by fond greed?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["arthena","by wealth"],["vā","or"],["dharmaṃ","dharma"],["dharmaṃ","dharma"],["dharmeṇa","by dharma"],["vā","or"],["punaḥ","again"],["ubhau","both"],["vā","or"],["prītilobhena","by fond greed","",[["prīti","fondness, pleasure"],["lobha","greed"]]],["kāmena","by desire, pleasure"],["na","not"],["vibādhase","you injure, oppress"]]},{"v":54,"ref":"2.094.054","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccid arthaṃ ca dharmaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca jayatāṃ vara","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vibhajya kāle kālajña sarvān bharata sevase","q":null}],"tr":"O best of conquerors, O knower of the season, apportioning them each to their proper time, do you attend to all three — wealth, dharma, and pleasure — O Bharata?","w":[["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["arthaṃ","wealth"],["ca","and"],["dharmaṃ","dharma"],["ca","and"],["kāmaṃ","pleasure"],["ca","and"],["jayatāṃ vara","O best of conquerors","",[["jayat","conquering"],["vara","best"]]],["vibhajya","having apportioned"],["kāle","at the (right) time"],["kālajña","O knower of time","kāla-jña",[["kāla","time"],["jña","knowing"]]],["sarvān","all (three)"],["bharata","O Bharata"],["sevase","you attend to, pursue"]]},{"v":55,"ref":"2.094.055","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit te brāhmaṇāḥ śarma sarvaśāstrārthakovidaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"āśaṃsante mahāprājña paurajānapadaiḥ saha","q":null}],"tr":"O deeply wise one, do the brāhmaṇas, versed in the meaning of all the śāstras, together with townsfolk and country-folk, wish you well-being?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["te","for you"],["brāhmaṇāḥ","the brāhmaṇas"],["śarma","welfare, blessing"],["sarvaśāstrārthakovidaḥ","versed in the meaning of all śāstras","",[["sarva","all"],["śāstra","treatise"],["artha","meaning"],["kovida","versed"]]],["āśaṃsante","wish, hope for"],["mahāprājña","O deeply wise one","",[["mahā","great"],["prājña","wise"]]],["paurajānapadaiḥ","with townsfolk and country-folk","",[["paura","townsman"],["jānapada","country-dweller"]]],["saha","together with"]]},{"v":56,"ref":"2.094.056","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nāstikyam anṛtaṃ krodhaṃ pramādaṃ dīrghasūtratām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"adarśanaṃ jñānavatām ālasyaṃ pañcavṛttitām","q":null}],"tr":"Godlessness, falsehood, anger, heedlessness, procrastination, failure to consult the wise, sloth, and enslavement to the five senses;","w":[["nāstikyam","godlessness, disbelief"],["anṛtaṃ","falsehood","",[["an","un-"],["ṛta","truth"]]],["krodhaṃ","anger"],["pramādaṃ","heedlessness, negligence"],["dīrghasūtratām","procrastination","",[["dīrgha","long"],["sūtra","thread, drawing-out"]]],["adarśanaṃ","the non-consulting","",[["a","non-"],["darśana","seeing, consulting"]]],["jñānavatām","of the wise","",[["jñāna","knowledge"],["vat","possessing"]]],["ālasyaṃ","sloth, laziness"],["pañcavṛttitām","enslavement to the five (senses)","",[["pañca","five"],["vṛtti","activity, indulgence"]]]]},{"v":57,"ref":"2.094.057","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ekacintanam arthānām anarthajñaiś ca mantraṇam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"niścitānām anārambhaṃ mantrasyāparilakṣaṇam","q":null}],"tr":"deliberating alone on affairs, taking counsel with men ignorant of them, failure to launch what has been decided, and the failure to keep counsel secret;","w":[["ekacintanam","deliberating alone","",[["eka","alone, single"],["cintana","reflection"]]],["arthānām","of affairs"],["anarthajñaiś","with those ignorant of affairs","anarthajñaiḥ",[["anartha","non-matter, uselessness"],["jña","knowing"]]],["ca","and"],["mantraṇam","taking counsel"],["niścitānām","of things decided"],["anārambhaṃ","the non-undertaking","",[["an","non-"],["ārambha","undertaking"]]],["mantrasyāparilakṣaṇam","the failure to keep counsel secret","mantrasya aparilakṣaṇam",[["mantra","counsel"],["aparilakṣaṇa","non-concealment"]]]]},{"v":58,"ref":"2.094.058","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"maṅgalasyāprayogaṃ ca pratyutthānaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccit tvaṃ varjayasy etān rājadoṣāṃś caturdaśa","q":null}],"tr":"the neglect of auspicious observances, and rising up in war against all indiscriminately — do you shun these fourteen faults of a king?","w":[["maṅgalasyāprayogaṃ","the non-performance of auspicious rites","maṅgalasya aprayogaṃ",[["maṅgala","auspicious rite"],["aprayoga","non-employment"]]],["ca","and"],["pratyutthānaṃ","rising up (against all)"],["ca","and"],["sarvaśaḥ","against all, in every way"],["kaccit","is it that"],["tvaṃ","you"],["varjayasy","you shun, avoid","varjayasi"],["etān","these"],["rājadoṣāṃś","the faults of a king","rājadoṣān",[["rāja","king"],["doṣa","fault"]]],["caturdaśa","fourteen"]]},{"v":59,"ref":"2.094.059","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit svādukṛtaṃ bhojyam eko nāśnāsi rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccid āśaṃsamānebhyo mitrebhyaḥ saṃprayacchasi","q":null}],"tr":"Do you not eat delicious food alone, O Rāghava? Do you share it with friends who look to you in hope?","w":[["kaccit","is it that"],["svādukṛtaṃ","made delicious","",[["svādu","tasty"],["kṛta","made"]]],["bhojyam","food"],["eko","alone","ekaḥ"],["nāśnāsi","you do not eat","na aśnāsi"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["kaccid","is it that","kaccit"],["āśaṃsamānebhyo","to those who look to you in hope","āśaṃsamānebhyaḥ"],["mitrebhyaḥ","to friends"],["saṃprayacchasi","you share, distribute"]]}]}