{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":83,"title":"Guha ferries Bharata’s company","sentence":"Five hundred boats carry people, vehicles and provisions across the Gaṅgā, the army halts as Bharata approaches Bharadvāja","portion":"Guha and the Gaṅgā crossing","sequence":[[{"steps":["At dawn Bharata asks Śatrughna to summon Guha; neither brother has stopped thinking about Rāma (83.1–3)"],"from":1,"to":3,"sarga":83},{"steps":["Guha arrives, and Bharata asks for help crossing (83.4–7)"],"from":4,"to":7,"sarga":83},{"steps":["Guha assembles five hundred boats (83.8–10)"],"from":8,"to":10,"sarga":83},{"steps":["priests cross according to seniority, and a specially prepared boat carries Bharata, Śatrughna, and the royal women (83.11–14)"],"from":11,"to":14,"sarga":83},{"steps":["the camp is set ablaze, baggage loaded, and boats carry people, horses, vehicles, and supplies across (83.15–17)"],"from":15,"to":17,"sarga":83},{"steps":["the boats return for more loads; elephants swim, while others cross on rafts, with flotation vessels, or by swimming (83.18–20)"],"from":18,"to":20,"sarga":83},{"steps":["once across, the expedition proceeds toward Prayāga","Bharata settles the army and goes with Vasiṣṭha to meet Bharadvāja (83.21–22)."],"from":21,"to":22,"sarga":83}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.083.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vyuṣya rātriṃ tu tatraiva gaṅgākūle sa rāghavaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bharataḥ kālyam utthāya śatrughnam idam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Having passed the night right there on the bank of the Ganges, that scion of Raghu, Bharata, rose at dawn and said this to Śatrughna:","w":[["vyuṣya","having passed (the night)"],["rātriṃ","the night"],["tu","and"],["tatraiva","right there","tatra eva"],["gaṅgākūle","on the bank of the Ganges","gaṅgā-kūle",[["gaṅgā","Ganges"],["kūla","bank"]]],["sa","that"],["rāghavaḥ","scion of Raghu"],["bharataḥ","Bharata"],["kālyam","at daybreak"],["utthāya","having risen"],["śatrughnam","to Śatrughna"],["idam","this"],["abravīt","said"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.083.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śatrughottiṣṭha kiṃ śeṣe niṣādādhipatiṃ guham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śīghram ānaya bhadraṃ te tārayiṣyati vāhinīm","q":null}],"tr":"“Śatrughna, arise! Why do you lie sleeping? Quickly bring Guha, the lord of the Niṣādas — bless you — he will ferry the army across.","w":[["śatrughottiṣṭha","Śatrughna, arise","śatrughna uttiṣṭha"],["kiṃ","why"],["śeṣe","do you lie sleeping"],["niṣādādhipatiṃ","the lord of the Niṣādas","niṣāda-adhipatiṃ",[["niṣāda","Niṣāda (tribe)"],["adhipati","lord"]]],["guham","Guha"],["śīghram","quickly"],["ānaya","bring"],["bhadraṃ","good fortune, blessings"],["te","to you"],["tārayiṣyati","he will ferry across"],["vāhinīm","the army"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.083.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"jāgarmi nāhaṃ svapimi tathaivāryaṃ vicintayan","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ity evam abravīd bhrātrā śatrughno 'pi pracoditaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“I am awake, I am not sleeping — I too am thinking all the while of the noble one” — thus spoke Śatrughna, likewise urged on by his brother.","w":[["jāgarmi","I am awake"],["nāhaṃ","not I","na ahaṃ"],["svapimi","do sleep"],["tathaivāryaṃ","the noble one likewise","tathā eva āryaṃ"],["vicintayan","thinking of"],["ity","thus","iti"],["evam","so"],["abravīd","spoke","abravīt"],["bhrātrā","by his brother"],["śatrughno","Śatrughna","śatrughnaḥ"],["'pi","also","api"],["pracoditaḥ","urged on"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.083.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"iti saṃvadator evam anyonyaṃ narasiṃhayoḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"āgamya prāñjaliḥ kāle guho bharatam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"As the two lions among men were thus conversing with each other, Guha came at that moment and, with joined palms, said to Bharata:","w":[["iti","thus"],["saṃvadator","of the two conversing","saṃvadatoḥ"],["evam","so"],["anyonyaṃ","with each other"],["narasiṃhayoḥ","of the two lions among men","nara-siṃhayoḥ",[["nara","man"],["siṃha","lion"]]],["āgamya","having come"],["prāñjaliḥ","with joined palms"],["kāle","at that moment"],["guho","Guha","guhaḥ"],["bharatam","to Bharata"],["abravīt","said"]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.083.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit sukhaṃ nadītīre 'vātsīḥ kākutstha śarvarīm","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaccic ca saha sainyasya tava sarvam anāmayam","q":null}],"tr":"“I trust you passed the night in comfort on the river bank, Kākutstha, and that all is well with you together with your army?”","w":[["kaccit","I trust that"],["sukhaṃ","comfortably"],["nadītīre","on the river bank","nadī-tīre",[["nadī","river"],["tīra","bank"]]],["'vātsīḥ","did you pass (the night)","avātsīḥ"],["kākutstha","O Kākutstha"],["śarvarīm","the night"],["kaccic","I trust","kaccit"],["ca","and"],["saha","together with"],["sainyasya","of the army"],["tava","your"],["sarvam","all"],["anāmayam","free from ailment, well","an-āmayam",[["an","not"],["āmaya","illness"]]]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.083.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"guhasya tat tu vacanaṃ śrutvā snehād udīritam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāmasyānuvaśo vākyaṃ bharato 'pīdam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Hearing that speech of Guha's, uttered out of affection, Bharata, obedient to Rāma, also spoke these words:","w":[["guhasya","of Guha"],["tat","that"],["tu","but"],["vacanaṃ","speech"],["śrutvā","having heard"],["snehād","out of affection","snehāt"],["udīritam","uttered"],["rāmasyānuvaśo","obedient to Rāma","rāmasya anuvaśaḥ",[["rāma","Rāma"],["anuvaśa","obedient, submissive"]]],["vākyaṃ","words"],["bharato","Bharata","bharataḥ"],["'pīdam","also this","api idam"],["abravīt","spoke"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.083.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sukhā naḥ śarvarī rājan pūjitāś cāpi te vayam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gaṅgāṃ tu naubhir bahvībhir dāśāḥ saṃtārayantu naḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“Our night was pleasant, O king, and we too were honored by you; now let the ferrymen take us across the Ganges in their many boats.”","w":[["sukhā","pleasant"],["naḥ","our"],["śarvarī","the night"],["rājan","O king"],["pūjitāś","honored","pūjitāḥ"],["cāpi","and also","ca api"],["te","by you"],["vayam","we"],["gaṅgāṃ","the Ganges"],["tu","now, but"],["naubhir","by boats","naubhiḥ"],["bahvībhir","many","bahvībhiḥ"],["dāśāḥ","the ferrymen"],["saṃtārayantu","let them ferry across"],["naḥ","us"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.083.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tato guhaḥ saṃtvaritaḥ śrutvā bharataśāsanam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pratipraviśya nagaraṃ taṃ jñātijanam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Then Guha, hearing Bharata's command, made haste, entered his town, and said to his kinsfolk there:","w":[["tato","then","tataḥ"],["guhaḥ","Guha"],["saṃtvaritaḥ","hastening"],["śrutvā","having heard"],["bharataśāsanam","Bharata's command","bharata-śāsanam",[["bharata","Bharata"],["śāsana","command, order"]]],["pratipraviśya","having entered"],["nagaraṃ","the town"],["taṃ","that"],["jñātijanam","kinsfolk","jñāti-janam",[["jñāti","kinsman"],["jana","people"]]],["abravīt","said"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.083.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"uttiṣṭhata prabudhyadhvaṃ bhadram astu hi vaḥ sadā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nāvaḥ samanukarṣadhvaṃ tārayiṣyāma vāhinīm","q":null}],"tr":"“Arise, awake! May it always be well with you! Draw up the boats — we shall ferry the army across.”","w":[["uttiṣṭhata","arise"],["prabudhyadhvaṃ","awake"],["bhadram","good fortune"],["astu","let there be"],["hi","indeed"],["vaḥ","to you"],["sadā","always"],["nāvaḥ","the boats"],["samanukarṣadhvaṃ","draw up together"],["tārayiṣyāma","we shall ferry across"],["vāhinīm","the army"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.083.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"te tathoktāḥ samutthāya tvaritā rājaśāsanāt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pañca nāvāṃ śatāny eva samāninyuḥ samantataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Thus addressed, they arose and, hurrying at their chief's command, brought together fully five hundred boats from every side.","w":[["te","they"],["tathoktāḥ","thus addressed","tathā uktāḥ"],["samutthāya","having risen"],["tvaritā","hastening","tvaritāḥ"],["rājaśāsanāt","at the king's command","rāja-śāsanāt",[["rāja","king"],["śāsana","command"]]],["pañca","five"],["nāvāṃ","of boats","nāvām"],["śatāny","hundreds","śatāni"],["eva","indeed"],["samāninyuḥ","brought together"],["samantataḥ","from every side"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.083.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"anyāḥ svastikavijñeyā mahāghaṇḍā dharā varāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śobhamānāḥ patākinyo yuktavātāḥ susaṃhatāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Others were distinguished by their svastika-emblems, hung with great bells, capacious and excellent, gleaming with their pennants, catching a fair wind, and stoutly built.","w":[["anyāḥ","others"],["svastikavijñeyā","recognizable by their svastika-emblems","svastika-vijñeyāḥ",[["svastika","svastika-mark"],["vijñeya","to be recognized by"]]],["mahāghaṇḍā","hung with great bells","mahā-ghaṇḍāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["ghaṇḍā","bell"]]],["dharā","sturdy, capacious","dharāḥ"],["varāḥ","excellent"],["śobhamānāḥ","gleaming, resplendent"],["patākinyo","bearing pennants","patākinyaḥ"],["yuktavātāḥ","catching a fair wind","yukta-vātāḥ",[["yukta","joined, favorable"],["vāta","wind"]]],["susaṃhatāḥ","stoutly built, well-knit","su-saṃhatāḥ",[["su","well"],["saṃhata","joined, compact"]]]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.083.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tataḥ svastikavijñeyāṃ pāṇḍukambalasaṃvṛtām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sanandighoṣāṃ kalyāṇīṃ guho nāvam upāharat","q":null}],"tr":"Then Guha brought up an auspicious, fine boat, marked with a svastika-emblem, spread with a white woolen blanket, and resounding with joyous din.","w":[["tataḥ","then"],["svastikavijñeyāṃ","marked with a svastika-emblem","svastika-vijñeyāṃ",[["svastika","svastika-mark"],["vijñeya","to be recognized by"]]],["pāṇḍukambalasaṃvṛtām","spread with a white woolen blanket","pāṇḍu-kambala-saṃvṛtām",[["pāṇḍu","white, pale"],["kambala","blanket"],["saṃvṛta","covered"]]],["sanandighoṣāṃ","resounding with joyous din","sa-nandi-ghoṣāṃ",[["sa","with"],["nandi","joy"],["ghoṣa","sound, din"]]],["kalyāṇīṃ","auspicious, fine"],["guho","Guha","guhaḥ"],["nāvam","the boat"],["upāharat","brought forward"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.083.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tām āruroha bharataḥ śatrughnaś ca mahābalaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kausalyā ca sumitrā ca yāś cānyā rājayoṣitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Onto it climbed Bharata and the mighty Śatrughna, and Kausalyā and Sumitrā and the other royal women.","w":[["tām","onto it"],["āruroha","climbed"],["bharataḥ","Bharata"],["śatrughnaś","Śatrughna","śatrughnaḥ"],["ca","and"],["mahābalaḥ","the mighty","mahā-balaḥ",[["mahā","great"],["bala","strength"]]],["kausalyā","Kausalyā"],["ca","and"],["sumitrā","Sumitrā"],["ca","and"],["yāś","who","yāḥ"],["cānyā","and the other","ca anyāḥ"],["rājayoṣitaḥ","royal women","rāja-yoṣitaḥ",[["rāja","royal"],["yoṣit","woman, wife"]]]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.083.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"purohitaś ca tat pūrvaṃ gurave brāhmaṇāś ca ye","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anantaraṃ rājadārās tathaiva śakaṭāpaṇāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"The family priest went first of all, in order of seniority, together with the brahmins who were there; next the king's wives, and likewise the carts and their wares.","w":[["purohitaś","the family priest","purohitaḥ"],["ca","and"],["tat","that, first of all"],["pūrvaṃ","before, first"],["gurave","in order of seniority, for the venerable"],["brāhmaṇāś","the brahmins","brāhmaṇāḥ"],["ca","and"],["ye","who (were there)"],["anantaraṃ","thereafter, next"],["rājadārās","the king's wives","rāja-dārāḥ",[["rāja","king"],["dāra","wife"]]],["tathaiva","and likewise","tathā eva"],["śakaṭāpaṇāḥ","the carts and their wares","śakaṭa-āpaṇāḥ",[["śakaṭa","cart"],["āpaṇa","wares, market goods"]]]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.083.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"āvāsam ādīpayatāṃ tīrthaṃ cāpy avagāhatām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhāṇḍāni cādadānānāṃ ghoṣas tridivam aspṛśat","q":null}],"tr":"The clamor of those setting the camp ablaze, of those plunging into the crossing-place, and of those taking up the baggage rose to touch the very heavens.","w":[["āvāsam","the encampment"],["ādīpayatāṃ","of those setting ablaze","ādīpayatām"],["tīrthaṃ","the crossing-place, ford"],["cāpy","and also","ca api"],["avagāhatām","of those plunging in"],["bhāṇḍāni","the vessels, baggage"],["cādadānānāṃ","and of those taking up","ca ādadānānām"],["ghoṣas","the din","ghoṣaḥ"],["tridivam","heaven","tri-divam",[["tri","three"],["div","heaven"]]],["aspṛśat","touched"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.083.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"patākinyas tu tā nāvaḥ svayaṃ dāśair adhiṣṭhitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vahantyo janam ārūḍhaṃ tadā saṃpetur āśugāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"And those pennant-bearing boats, steered by the ferrymen themselves, bearing the people who had boarded, then sped swiftly across.","w":[["patākinyas","pennant-bearing","patākinyaḥ"],["tu","and"],["tā","those"],["nāvaḥ","boats"],["svayaṃ","themselves"],["dāśair","by the ferrymen","dāśaiḥ"],["adhiṣṭhitāḥ","manned, steered"],["vahantyo","carrying","vahantyaḥ"],["janam","the people"],["ārūḍhaṃ","who had boarded"],["tadā","then"],["saṃpetur","sped along","saṃpetuḥ"],["āśugāḥ","swift","āśu-gāḥ",[["āśu","swift"],["ga","going"]]]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.083.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nārīṇām abhipūrṇās tu kāś cit kāś cit tu vājinām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaś cit tatra vahanti sma yānayugyaṃ mahādhanam","q":null}],"tr":"Some boats were filled with women, some with horses, and some there carried the vehicles, the draught-teams, and much wealth.","w":[["nārīṇām","of women"],["abhipūrṇās","filled","abhipūrṇāḥ"],["tu","and"],["kāś cit","some","kāḥ cit"],["kāś cit","some","kāḥ cit"],["tu","and"],["vājinām","of horses"],["kaś cit","some","kaḥ cit"],["tatra","there"],["vahanti sma","carried"],["yānayugyaṃ","the vehicles and draught-teams","yāna-yugyaṃ",[["yāna","vehicle"],["yugya","draught-animal, team"]]],["mahādhanam","much wealth","mahā-dhanam",[["mahā","great"],["dhana","wealth"]]]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.083.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tāḥ sma gatvā paraṃ tīram avaropya ca taṃ janam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nivṛttāḥ kāṇḍacitrāṇi kriyante dāśabandhubhiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having reached the far shore and set down their passengers, the boats returned, and playful, zig-zag manoeuvres were performed with them by the ferrymen's kinsmen.","w":[["tāḥ","those (boats)"],["sma","(narrative particle)"],["gatvā","having gone"],["paraṃ","the far"],["tīram","shore"],["avaropya","having set down"],["ca","and"],["taṃ","that"],["janam","people"],["nivṛttāḥ","returned"],["kāṇḍacitrāṇi","zig-zag, playful manoeuvres","kāṇḍa-citrāṇi",[["kāṇḍa","section, stretch"],["citra","varied, sportive"]]],["kriyante","were performed"],["dāśabandhubhiḥ","by the ferrymen's kinsmen","dāśa-bandhubhiḥ",[["dāśa","ferryman"],["bandhu","kinsman"]]]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.083.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"savaijayantās tu gajā gajārohaiḥ pracoditāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tarantaḥ sma prakāśante sadhvajā iva parvatāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"The elephants, bearing their banners and urged on by their drivers, as they swam across gleamed like mountains crowned with flags.","w":[["savaijayantās","bearing their banners","sa-vaijayantāḥ",[["sa","with"],["vaijayantī","banner"]]],["tu","and"],["gajā","the elephants","gajāḥ"],["gajārohaiḥ","by the elephant-drivers","gaja-ārohaiḥ",[["gaja","elephant"],["āroha","rider, driver"]]],["pracoditāḥ","urged on"],["tarantaḥ","crossing, swimming"],["sma","(narrative particle)"],["prakāśante","shone"],["sadhvajā","with flags","sa-dhvajāḥ",[["sa","with"],["dhvaja","flag"]]],["iva","like"],["parvatāḥ","mountains"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.083.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nāvaś cāruruhus tv anye plavais terus tathāpare","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anye kumbhaghaṭais terur anye teruś ca bāhubhiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Some boarded the boats, others crossed on rafts, some crossed by means of pots and jars, and still others crossed by their own arms.","w":[["nāvaś","boats","nāvaḥ"],["cāruruhus","and boarded","ca āruruhuḥ"],["tv","but","tu"],["anye","some"],["plavais","by rafts","plavaiḥ"],["terus","crossed","teruḥ"],["tathāpare","and others likewise","tathā apare"],["anye","some"],["kumbhaghaṭais","by pots and jars","kumbha-ghaṭaiḥ",[["kumbha","pot"],["ghaṭa","jar"]]],["terur","crossed","teruḥ"],["anye","others"],["teruś","crossed","teruḥ"],["ca","and"],["bāhubhiḥ","by their arms"]]},{"v":21,"ref":"2.083.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā puṇyā dhvajinī gaṅgāṃ dāśaiḥ saṃtāritā svayam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"maitre muhūrte prayayau prayāgavanam uttamam","q":null}],"tr":"That holy, bannered host, ferried across the Ganges by the ferrymen themselves, set out at the auspicious Maitra hour for the excellent forest of Prayāga.","w":[["sā","that"],["puṇyā","holy"],["dhvajinī","the bannered host, army"],["gaṅgāṃ","the Ganges"],["dāśaiḥ","by the ferrymen"],["saṃtāritā","ferried across"],["svayam","themselves"],["maitre","at the Maitra (hour)"],["muhūrte","at the hour"],["prayayau","set forth"],["prayāgavanam","to the Prayāga forest","prayāga-vanam",[["prayāga","Prayāga"],["vana","forest"]]],["uttamam","excellent"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"2.083.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"āśvāsayitvā ca camūṃ mahātmā niveśayitvā ca yathopajoṣam","q":["āśvāsayitvā ca camūṃ mahātmā","niveśayitvā ca yathopajoṣam"]},{"p":"c","t":"draṣṭuṃ bharadvājam ṛṣipravaryam ṛtvig vṛtaḥ san bharataḥ pratasthe","q":["draṣṭuṃ bharadvājam ṛṣipravaryam","ṛtvig vṛtaḥ san bharataḥ pratasthe"]}],"tr":"And the great-souled Bharata, having reassured his army and settled it at its ease, set out, attended by his officiating priest, to see Bharadvāja, the foremost of sages.","w":[["āśvāsayitvā","having reassured"],["ca","and"],["camūṃ","the army"],["mahātmā","the great soul","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","self, soul"]]],["niveśayitvā","having settled, encamped"],["ca","and"],["yathopajoṣam","at its ease, comfortably","yathā-upajoṣam"],["draṣṭuṃ","to see"],["bharadvājam","Bharadvāja"],["ṛṣipravaryam","the foremost of sages","ṛṣi-pravaryam",[["ṛṣi","seer, sage"],["pravarya","most excellent"]]],["ṛtvig","by his officiating priest","ṛtvik"],["vṛtaḥ","surrounded, attended"],["san","being"],["bharataḥ","Bharata"],["pratasthe","set out"]]}]}