{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":38,"title":"Kausalyā imagines Rāma’s return","sentence":"Fearing Kaikeyī and the hardships facing Rāma, Sītā & Lakṣmaṇa, she longs for her son’s homecoming and embrace","portion":"Departure and mourning in Ayodhyā","sequence":[[{"steps":["Kausalyā tells Daśaratha that Kaikeyī has gained her wish and will now be free to intimidate her (38.1–5)"],"from":1,"to":5,"sarga":38},{"steps":["she worries about the young travelers, raised in comfort and sent into hardship just when Rāma was about to receive the Kingdom (38.6–8)"],"from":6,"to":8,"sarga":38},{"steps":["her thoughts turn to a hoped-for homecoming: the city decorated again, the brothers returning with Sītā, and the people showering them with offerings (38.9–14)"],"from":9,"to":14,"sarga":38},{"steps":["she longs for Rāma to approach and embrace her as he did when he was a child","she wonders whether separation from her son repays some past cruelty of her own (38.15–17)"],"from":15,"to":17,"sarga":38},{"steps":["she says she cannot endure life without him (38.18–20)."],"from":18,"to":20,"sarga":38}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.038.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tataḥ samīkṣya śayane sannaṃ śokena pārthivam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kausalyā putraśokārtā tam uvāca mahīpatim","q":null}],"tr":"Then, seeing the king sunk upon the couch with grief, Kausalyā, herself stricken with sorrow for her son, said to that lord of the earth:","w":[["tataḥ","then"],["samīkṣya","having beheld"],["śayane","on the couch"],["sannaṃ","sunken, worn down"],["śokena","with grief"],["pārthivam","the king"],["kausalyā","Kausalyā"],["putraśokārtā","stricken with grief for her son","putraśokārtā",[["putra","son"],["śoka","grief"],["ārtā","afflicted"]]],["tam","him"],["uvāca","said to"],["mahīpatim","lord of the earth (king)","mahīpatim",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.038.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rāghavo naraśārdūla viṣam uptvā dvijihvavat","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vicariṣyati kaikeyī nirmukteva hi pannagī","q":null}],"tr":"Having spilled her poison upon Rāghava, O tiger among men, like a forked-tongued serpent, Kaikeyī will now roam free like a snake that has cast its slough.","w":[["rāghavo","upon Rāghava (Rāma)","rāghavaḥ"],["naraśārdūla","O tiger among men","naraśārdūla",[["nara","man"],["śārdūla","tiger"]]],["viṣam","poison"],["uptvā","having sown, spilled"],["dvijihvavat","like a forked-tongued one (serpent)","dvijihvavat",[["dvi","two"],["jihvā","tongue"],["vat","like"]]],["vicariṣyati","will roam about"],["kaikeyī","Kaikeyī"],["nirmukteva","like one who has cast off (her skin)","nirmuktā iva"],["hi","for, indeed"],["pannagī","a she-serpent"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.038.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vivāsya rāmaṃ subhagā labdhakāmā samāhitā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"trāsayiṣyati māṃ bhūyo duṣṭāhir iva veśmani","q":null}],"tr":"Having driven Rāma into exile, the favoured one, her wish gained and her mind set at ease, will terrify me still more, like a wicked snake in the house.","w":[["vivāsya","having exiled, banished"],["rāmaṃ","Rāma"],["subhagā","the fortunate, favoured woman","su-bhagā",[["su","good, fair"],["bhaga","fortune"]]],["labdhakāmā","her desire attained","labdhakāmā",[["labdha","obtained"],["kāma","desire"]]],["samāhitā","composed, set at ease"],["trāsayiṣyati","will frighten, terrify"],["māṃ","me"],["bhūyo","again, still more","bhūyaḥ"],["duṣṭāhir","a wicked snake","duṣṭa-ahiḥ",[["duṣṭa","wicked"],["ahi","snake"]]],["iva","like, as"],["veśmani","in the house"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.038.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"atha sma nagare rāmaś caran bhaikṣaṃ gṛhe vaset","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kāmakāro varaṃ dātum api dāsaṃ mamātmajam","q":null}],"tr":"Far better that Rāma should dwell here in the city, going from house to house for alms; but Kaikeyī's willfulness has power even to make my son a slave by her boon.","w":[["atha sma","rather, would that"],["nagare","in the city"],["rāmaś","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["caran","roaming, going about"],["bhaikṣaṃ","alms, begging"],["gṛhe","in a house"],["vaset","would dwell"],["kāmakāro","willful action, caprice","kāmakāraḥ",[["kāma","desire, will"],["kāra","doing, action"]]],["varaṃ","boon"],["dātum","to give, grant"],["api","even"],["dāsaṃ","(as) a slave"],["mamātmajam","my son","mama ātmajam",[["ātmaja","son"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.038.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pātayitvā tu kaikeyyā rāmaṃ sthānād yatheṣṭataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pradiṣṭo rakṣasāṃ bhāgaḥ parvaṇīvāhitāgninā","q":null}],"tr":"By Kaikeyī, having cast Rāma down from his station just as she pleased, a portion has been assigned to the demons, as at the new moon by one whose fire is kindled.","w":[["pātayitvā","having cast down, brought down"],["tu","but"],["kaikeyyā","by Kaikeyī"],["rāmaṃ","Rāma"],["sthānād","from his position, station","sthānāt"],["yatheṣṭataḥ","just as she pleased","yathā iṣṭataḥ"],["pradiṣṭo","assigned, allotted","pradiṣṭaḥ"],["rakṣasāṃ","of the demons"],["bhāgaḥ","a portion, share"],["parvaṇīvāhitāgninā","as at the moon-festival by one with fire kindled","parvaṇi iva āhitāgninā",[["parvan","festival day, new/full moon"],["āhita","kindled, established"],["agni","fire"]]]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.038.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gajarājagatir vīro mahābāhur dhanurdharaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vanam āviśate nūnaṃ sabhāryaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"That hero, with the gait of a lordly elephant, mighty-armed, wielder of the bow, surely now enters the forest with his wife and with Lakṣmaṇa.","w":[["gajarājagatir","with the gait of a king of elephants","gajarājagatiḥ",[["gaja","elephant"],["rāja","king"],["gati","gait, walk"]]],["vīro","the hero","vīraḥ"],["mahābāhur","the mighty-armed","mahābāhuḥ",[["mahā","great"],["bāhu","arm"]]],["dhanurdharaḥ","the bearer of the bow","dhanurdharaḥ",[["dhanus","bow"],["dhara","bearer"]]],["vanam","the forest"],["āviśate","enters"],["nūnaṃ","surely"],["sabhāryaḥ","with his wife","sa-bhāryaḥ",[["sa","with"],["bhāryā","wife"]]],["sahalakṣmaṇaḥ","together with Lakṣmaṇa","saha-lakṣmaṇaḥ",[["saha","with"],["lakṣmaṇa","Lakṣmaṇa"]]]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.038.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vane tv adṛṣṭaduḥkhānāṃ kaikeyyānumate tvayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tyaktānāṃ vanavāsāya kā nv avasthā bhaviṣyati","q":null}],"tr":"For those who have never known sorrow, cast out by you at Kaikeyī's bidding to dwell in the forest — what state, pray, will befall them there?","w":[["vane","in the forest"],["tv","but","tu"],["adṛṣṭaduḥkhānāṃ","of those who have never seen sorrow","adṛṣṭaduḥkhānāṃ",[["adṛṣṭa","unseen"],["duḥkha","sorrow"]]],["kaikeyyānumate","by the consent of Kaikeyī","kaikeyyā anumate"],["tvayā","by you"],["tyaktānāṃ","of the abandoned ones"],["vanavāsāya","for dwelling in the forest","vanavāsāya",[["vana","forest"],["vāsa","dwelling"]]],["kā","what"],["nv","pray, indeed","nu"],["avasthā","condition, state"],["bhaviṣyati","will be, will befall"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.038.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"te ratnahīnās taruṇāḥ phalakāle vivāsitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kathaṃ vatsyanti kṛpaṇāḥ phalamūlaiḥ kṛtāśanāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Deprived of their jewels, young, banished at the very time of their reward, how will they dwell, poor souls, making their meal of fruits and roots?","w":[["te","they"],["ratnahīnās","deprived of jewels","ratnahīnāḥ",[["ratna","jewel"],["hīna","bereft of"]]],["taruṇāḥ","young"],["phalakāle","at the time of fruition, reward","phalakāle",[["phala","fruit, reward"],["kāla","time"]]],["vivāsitāḥ","banished, exiled"],["kathaṃ","how"],["vatsyanti","will they dwell"],["kṛpaṇāḥ","wretched, poor"],["phalamūlaiḥ","with fruits and roots","phalamūlaiḥ",[["phala","fruit"],["mūla","root"]]],["kṛtāśanāḥ","making their food, subsisting","kṛta-aśanāḥ",[["kṛta","made"],["aśana","eating, food"]]]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.038.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"apīdānīṃ sa kālaḥ syān mama śokakṣayaḥ śivaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sabhāryaṃ yat saha bhrātrā paśyeyam iha rāghavam","q":null}],"tr":"Oh that even now that blessed time might come, the ending of my grief, when I should see Rāghava here with his wife and with his brother!","w":[["apīdānīṃ","oh, even now","api idānīṃ"],["sa kālaḥ","that time"],["syān","might be","syāt"],["mama","my"],["śokakṣayaḥ","the ending of grief","śokakṣayaḥ",[["śoka","grief"],["kṣaya","destruction, ending"]]],["śivaḥ","auspicious, blessed"],["sabhāryaṃ","with his wife","sa-bhāryaṃ",[["sa","with"],["bhāryā","wife"]]],["yat","that, when"],["saha bhrātrā","together with his brother"],["paśyeyam","I might see"],["iha","here"],["rāghavam","Rāghava"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.038.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śrutvaivopasthitau vīrau kadāyodhyā bhaviṣyati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yaśasvinī hṛṣṭajanā sūcchritadhvajamālinī","q":null}],"tr":"When, on merely hearing that the two heroes have arrived, shall Ayodhyā become glorious, its people joyful, garlanded with high-raised banners?","w":[["śrutvaivopasthitau","on merely hearing (them) arrived","śrutvā eva upasthitau"],["vīrau","the two heroes"],["kadāyodhyā","when Ayodhyā","kadā ayodhyā"],["bhaviṣyati","will become"],["yaśasvinī","glorious, renowned"],["hṛṣṭajanā","with joyful people","hṛṣṭajanā",[["hṛṣṭa","joyful"],["jana","people"]]],["sūcchritadhvajamālinī","garlanded with lofty banners","su-ucchrita-dhvaja-mālinī",[["su","well"],["ucchrita","raised high"],["dhvaja","banner"],["mālin","garlanded"]]]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.038.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kadā prekṣya naravyāghrāv araṇyāt punarāgatau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nandiṣyati purī hṛṣṭā samudra iva parvaṇi","q":null}],"tr":"When, beholding those two tigers among men come back again from the forest, shall the city rejoice and swell with gladness like the sea at the full moon?","w":[["kadā","when"],["prekṣya","having beheld"],["naravyāghrāv","the two tigers among men","naravyāghrau",[["nara","man"],["vyāghra","tiger"]]],["araṇyāt","from the forest"],["punarāgatau","the two returned","punaḥ āgatau"],["nandiṣyati","will rejoice, be glad"],["purī","the city"],["hṛṣṭā","joyful, thrilled"],["samudra","the sea","samudraḥ"],["iva","like, as"],["parvaṇi","at the full moon (festival)"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.038.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kadāyodhyāṃ mahābāhuḥ purīṃ vīraḥ pravekṣyati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"puraskṛtya rathe sītāṃ vṛṣabho govadhūm iva","q":null}],"tr":"When shall the mighty-armed hero enter the city of Ayodhyā, having set Sītā before him on the chariot, like a bull with his cow?","w":[["kadāyodhyāṃ","when the city of Ayodhyā","kadā ayodhyāṃ"],["mahābāhuḥ","the mighty-armed","mahābāhuḥ",[["mahā","great"],["bāhu","arm"]]],["purīṃ","city"],["vīraḥ","the hero"],["pravekṣyati","will enter"],["puraskṛtya","having placed in front"],["rathe","on the chariot"],["sītāṃ","Sītā"],["vṛṣabho","the bull","vṛṣabhaḥ"],["govadhūm","the cow","go-vadhūm",[["go","cow"],["vadhū","female, mate"]]],["iva","like, as"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.038.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kadā prāṇisahasrāṇi rājamārge mamātmajau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"lājair avakariṣyanti praviśantāv ariṃdamau","q":null}],"tr":"When shall thousands of beings scatter parched grain over my two sons, tamers of foes, as they enter along the royal road?","w":[["kadā","when"],["prāṇisahasrāṇi","thousands of living beings","prāṇisahasrāṇi",[["prāṇin","living being"],["sahasra","thousand"]]],["rājamārge","on the royal highway","rājamārge",[["rāja","royal"],["mārga","road"]]],["mamātmajau","my two sons","mama ātmajau",[["ātmaja","son"]]],["lājair","with parched grain","lājaiḥ"],["avakariṣyanti","will scatter, strew over"],["praviśantāv","entering (the two)","praviśantau"],["ariṃdamau","the two tamers of foes","ariṃdamau",[["ari","enemy"],["dama","subduer"]]]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.038.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kadā sumanasaḥ kanyā dvijātīnāṃ phalāni ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pradiśantyaḥ purīṃ hṛṣṭāḥ kariṣyanti pradakṣiṇam","q":null}],"tr":"When shall the maidens, offering flowers and fruits to the twice-born, joyfully circumambulate the city in his honour?","w":[["kadā","when"],["sumanasaḥ","flowers"],["kanyā","the maidens","kanyāḥ"],["dvijātīnāṃ","to the twice-born (brahmins)","dvijātīnāṃ",[["dvi","twice"],["jāti","birth"]]],["phalāni","fruits"],["ca","and"],["pradiśantyaḥ","offering, presenting"],["purīṃ","the city"],["hṛṣṭāḥ","joyful"],["kariṣyanti","will make, perform"],["pradakṣiṇam","circumambulation"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.038.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kadā pariṇato buddhyā vayasā cāmaraprabhaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"abhyupaiṣyati dharmajñas trivarṣa iva māṃ lalan","q":null}],"tr":"When shall the righteous one, matured in understanding and in years, and radiant as an immortal, come to me caressing me like a three-year-old child?","w":[["kadā","when"],["pariṇato","matured, developed","pariṇataḥ"],["buddhyā","in understanding"],["vayasā","in age, years"],["cāmaraprabhaḥ","and of immortal radiance","ca amaraprabhaḥ",[["amara","immortal, god"],["prabhā","radiance"]]],["abhyupaiṣyati","will come near, approach"],["dharmajñas","the knower of dharma","dharmajñaḥ",[["dharma","dharma"],["jña","knower"]]],["trivarṣa","a three-year-old","tri-varṣaḥ",[["tri","three"],["varṣa","year"]]],["iva","like, as"],["māṃ","me"],["lalan","caressing, fondling"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.038.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"niḥsaṃśayaṃ mayā manye purā vīra kadaryayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pātu kāmeṣu vatseṣu mātṝṇāṃ śātitāḥ stanāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Without doubt, O hero, I think that in a former life I, being cruel, cut off the udders of mother-cows while their calves longed to drink.","w":[["niḥsaṃśayaṃ","without doubt","niḥsaṃśayaṃ",[["nis","without"],["saṃśaya","doubt"]]],["mayā","by me"],["manye","I think"],["purā","formerly, of old"],["vīra","O hero"],["kadaryayā","by (me) being miserly, cruel"],["pātu kāmeṣu","desiring to drink","pātukāmeṣu",[["pātu","to drink"],["kāma","desiring"]]],["vatseṣu","among the calves"],["mātṝṇāṃ","of the mother-cows"],["śātitāḥ","cut off, severed"],["stanāḥ","the udders, teats"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.038.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sāhaṃ gaur iva siṃhena vivatsā vatsalā kṛtā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaikeyyā puruṣavyāghra bālavatseva gaur balāt","q":null}],"tr":"So I, O tiger among men, loving as I am, have been robbed of my calf by Kaikeyī, like a cow by a lion, like a cow forcibly bereft of her young calf.","w":[["sāhaṃ","that I, so I","sā ahaṃ"],["gaur","a cow","gauḥ"],["iva","like, as"],["siṃhena","by a lion"],["vivatsā","bereft of her calf","vi-vatsā",[["vi","without"],["vatsa","calf"]]],["vatsalā","loving, affectionate (toward offspring)"],["kṛtā","made"],["kaikeyyā","by Kaikeyī"],["puruṣavyāghra","O tiger among men","puruṣavyāghra",[["puruṣa","man"],["vyāghra","tiger"]]],["bālavatseva","like (a cow) with a young calf","bālavatsā iva",[["bāla","young"],["vatsa","calf"]]],["gaur","a cow","gauḥ"],["balāt","by force"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.038.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na hi tāvad guṇair juṣṭaṃ sarvaśāstraviśāradam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ekaputrā vinā putram ahaṃ jīvitum utsahe","q":null}],"tr":"For, having but one son, I cannot bear to live without that son, endowed with every virtue and skilled in all the scriptures.","w":[["na hi","for not"],["tāvad","so, at all","tāvat"],["guṇair","with virtues","guṇaiḥ"],["juṣṭaṃ","endowed, furnished"],["sarvaśāstraviśāradam","skilled in all the sciences","sarvaśāstraviśāradam",[["sarva","all"],["śāstra","science, scripture"],["viśārada","skilled, expert"]]],["ekaputrā","having a single son","eka-putrā",[["eka","one"],["putra","son"]]],["vinā","without"],["putram","son"],["ahaṃ","I"],["jīvitum","to live"],["utsahe","am able, have strength"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.038.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na hi me jīvite kiṃ cit sāmartham iha kalpyate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"apaśyantyāḥ priyaṃ putraṃ mahābāhuṃ mahābalam","q":null}],"tr":"For no power at all to live is left in me here, seeing that I no longer behold my dear son, mighty-armed and mighty in strength.","w":[["na hi","for not"],["me","my, for me"],["jīvite","in living, life"],["kiṃ cit","anything at all","kiṃ cit"],["sāmartham","capacity, power"],["iha","here"],["kalpyate","is reckoned, held possible"],["apaśyantyāḥ","of (me) not seeing"],["priyaṃ","dear"],["putraṃ","son"],["mahābāhuṃ","the mighty-armed","mahābāhuṃ",[["mahā","great"],["bāhu","arm"]]],["mahābalam","of great strength","mahābalam",[["mahā","great"],["bala","strength"]]]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.038.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ayaṃ hi māṃ dīpayate samutthitas tanūjaśokaprabhavo hutāśanaḥ","q":["ayaṃ hi māṃ dīpayate samutthitas","tanūjaśokaprabhavo hutāśanaḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"mahīm imāṃ raśmibhir uttamaprabho yathā nidāghe bhagavān divākaraḥ","q":["mahīm imāṃ raśmibhir uttamaprabho","yathā nidāghe bhagavān divākaraḥ"]}],"tr":"For this fire of grief, arisen and born of sorrow for my son, scorches me, as in the hot season the blessed sun of supreme radiance scorches this earth with its rays.","w":[["ayaṃ","this"],["hi","for, indeed"],["māṃ","me"],["dīpayate","burns, scorches"],["samutthitas","arisen, sprung up","samutthitaḥ"],["tanūjaśokaprabhavo","having its source in grief for a son","tanūjaśokaprabhavaḥ",[["tanūja","son (body-born)"],["śoka","grief"],["prabhava","origin, source"]]],["hutāśanaḥ","the fire (oblation-eater)","hutāśanaḥ",[["huta","oblation"],["aśana","eater"]]],["mahīm","the earth"],["imāṃ","this"],["raśmibhir","with its rays","raśmibhiḥ"],["uttamaprabho","of supreme radiance","uttamaprabhaḥ",[["uttama","highest, supreme"],["prabhā","radiance"]]],["yathā","as, just as"],["nidāghe","in the hot season"],["bhagavān","the blessed, divine"],["divākaraḥ","the sun (day-maker)","divākaraḥ",[["diva","day"],["kara","maker"]]]]}]}