{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":36,"title":"Ayodhyā falls into mourning","sentence":"Palace women lament, offerings and daily activity cease, animals refuse food and the city loses its joy","portion":"Departure and mourning in Ayodhyā","sequence":[[{"steps":["The palace women lament the departure of the person who protected them and treated them kindly (36.1–6)"],"from":1,"to":6,"sarga":36},{"steps":["their cries deepen Daśaratha's grief","normal activity breaks down: offerings are neglected, animals refuse food or fail to nurse their young, and ominous changes appear in the sky (36.7–11)"],"from":7,"to":11,"sarga":36},{"steps":["the people lose interest in food and pleasure, and no cheerful faces remain on the streets (36.12–13)"],"from":12,"to":13,"sarga":36},{"steps":["the narrative extends the disturbance to wind, moon, and sun, while families think only of Rāma (36.14–15)"],"from":14,"to":15,"sarga":36},{"steps":["his friends remain overcome in their beds, and fear settles over Ayodhyā (36.16–17)."],"from":16,"to":17,"sarga":36}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.036.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tasmiṃs tu puruṣavyāghre niṣkrāmati kṛtāñjalau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ārtaśabdo hi saṃjajñe strīṇām antaḥpure mahān","q":null}],"tr":"As that tiger among men went forth with palms joined, a great cry of distress arose among the women in the inner apartments.","w":[["tasmiṃs","him (loc. abs.)","tasmin"],["tu","but, and"],["puruṣavyāghre","the tiger among men (loc.)","puruṣavyāghre",[["puruṣa","man"],["vyāghra","tiger"]]],["niṣkrāmati","going forth (loc. abs.)"],["kṛtāñjalau","with palms joined","kṛtāñjalau",[["kṛta","made"],["añjali","joined palms"]]],["ārtaśabdo","cry of distress","ārtaśabdaḥ",[["ārta","afflicted, distressed"],["śabda","sound, cry"]]],["hi","indeed"],["saṃjajñe","arose, was produced"],["strīṇām","of the women"],["antaḥpure","in the inner apartments","antaḥpure",[["antar","inner"],["pura","dwelling"]]],["mahān","great"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.036.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"anāthasya janasyāsya durbalasya tapasvinaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yo gatiṃ śaraṇaṃ cāsīt sa nāthaḥ kva nu gacchati","q":null}],"tr":"Of this defenceless, weak and wretched people, he who was their resort and refuge — where indeed does that protector go?","w":[["anāthasya","of the protectorless","an-āthasya",[["an","without"],["nātha","protector, lord"]]],["janasyāsya","of this people","janasya asya"],["durbalasya","of the weak","dur-balasya",[["dur","ill, weak"],["bala","strength"]]],["tapasvinaḥ","of the wretched, poor"],["yo","who","yaḥ"],["gatiṃ","resort, recourse"],["śaraṇaṃ","refuge, shelter"],["cāsīt","and was","ca āsīt"],["sa","that"],["nāthaḥ","protector, lord"],["kva","where"],["nu","indeed, pray"],["gacchati","goes"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.036.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na krudhyaty abhiśasto 'pi krodhanīyāni varjayan","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kruddhān prasādayan sarvān samaduḥkhaḥ kva gacchati","q":null}],"tr":"He does not grow angry even when reviled, shunning all that provokes anger, conciliating all who are angered, and sharing their sorrows — where does he go?","w":[["na krudhyaty","does not grow angry","na krudhyati"],["abhiśasto 'pi","even when accused, reviled","abhiśastaḥ api"],["krodhanīyāni","things that cause anger"],["varjayan","avoiding, shunning"],["kruddhān","the angered ones"],["prasādayan","conciliating, appeasing"],["sarvān","all"],["samaduḥkhaḥ","sharing (their) sorrow","sama-duḥkhaḥ",[["sama","equal, shared"],["duḥkha","sorrow"]]],["kva","where"],["gacchati","goes"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.036.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kausalyāyāṃ mahātejā yathā mātari vartate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tathā yo vartate 'smāsu mahātmā kva nu gacchati","q":null}],"tr":"The mighty and great-souled one who behaves toward us just as he behaves toward his mother Kausalyā — where indeed does he go?","w":[["kausalyāyāṃ","toward Kausalyā"],["mahātejā","the mighty, of great splendour","mahātejāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["tejas","splendour, energy"]]],["yathā","as, just as"],["mātari","toward the mother"],["vartate","behaves, acts"],["tathā","so, thus"],["yo","who","yaḥ"],["vartate","behaves"],["'smāsu","toward us","asmāsu"],["mahātmā","the great-souled","mahā-ātmā",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["kva","where"],["nu","indeed"],["gacchati","goes"]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.036.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaikeyyā kliśyamānena rājñā saṃcodito vanam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"paritrātā janasyāsya jagataḥ kva nu gacchati","q":null}],"tr":"Driven to the forest by the king who is tormented by Kaikeyī, the deliverer of this people, of this world — where indeed does he go?","w":[["kaikeyyā","by Kaikeyī"],["kliśyamānena","by (the king) being tormented"],["rājñā","by the king"],["saṃcodito","driven, urged","saṃcoditaḥ"],["vanam","to the forest"],["paritrātā","the deliverer, protector"],["janasyāsya","of this people","janasya asya"],["jagataḥ","of the world"],["kva","where"],["nu","indeed"],["gacchati","goes"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.036.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"aho niścetano rājā jīvalokasya saṃpriyam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dharmyaṃ satyavrataṃ rāmaṃ vanavāso pravatsyati","q":null}],"tr":"Alas, the king is senseless, that Rāma — beloved of the world of the living, righteous, true to his vows — shall dwell in the forest!","w":[["aho","alas!"],["niścetano","senseless, without feeling","niścetanaḥ",[["nis","without"],["cetana","consciousness, sense"]]],["rājā","the king"],["jīvalokasya","of the world of the living","jīvalokasya",[["jīva","living being"],["loka","world"]]],["saṃpriyam","dearly beloved","saṃpriyam",[["saṃ","fully"],["priya","dear"]]],["dharmyaṃ","righteous, lawful"],["satyavrataṃ","true to his vows","satyavrataṃ",[["satya","truth"],["vrata","vow"]]],["rāmaṃ","Rāma"],["vanavāso","forest-dwelling","vanavāsaḥ",[["vana","forest"],["vāsa","dwelling"]]],["pravatsyati","(that he) shall go to dwell"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.036.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"iti sarvā mahiṣyas tā vivatsā iva dhenavaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ruruduś caiva duḥkhārtāḥ sasvaraṃ ca vicukruśuḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Thus all those queens, like cows bereft of their calves, wept and, stricken with grief, cried aloud with one voice.","w":[["iti","thus"],["sarvā","all","sarvāḥ"],["mahiṣyas","the queens","mahiṣyaḥ"],["tā","those","tāḥ"],["vivatsā","bereft of calves","vi-vatsāḥ",[["vi","without"],["vatsa","calf"]]],["iva","like, as"],["dhenavaḥ","cows"],["ruruduś caiva","and wept","ruruduḥ ca eva"],["duḥkhārtāḥ","stricken with grief","duḥkha-ārtāḥ",[["duḥkha","sorrow"],["ārta","afflicted"]]],["sasvaraṃ","with one voice, aloud","sa-svaraṃ",[["sa","with"],["svara","voice, sound"]]],["ca","and"],["vicukruśuḥ","cried out, wailed"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.036.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa tam antaḥpure ghoram ārtaśabdaṃ mahīpatiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"putraśokābhisaṃtaptaḥ śrutvā cāsīt suduḥkhitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"And that lord of the earth, hearing that terrible cry of distress in the inner apartments, burning with grief for his son, became sorely afflicted.","w":[["sa","he"],["tam","that"],["antaḥpure","in the inner apartments","antaḥpure",[["antar","inner"],["pura","dwelling"]]],["ghoram","terrible"],["ārtaśabdaṃ","cry of distress","ārtaśabdaṃ",[["ārta","distressed"],["śabda","cry"]]],["mahīpatiḥ","lord of the earth (king)","mahīpatiḥ",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]],["putraśokābhisaṃtaptaḥ","burning with grief for his son","putraśokābhisaṃtaptaḥ",[["putra","son"],["śoka","grief"],["abhisaṃtapta","scorched, tormented"]]],["śrutvā","having heard"],["cāsīt","and became","ca āsīt"],["suduḥkhitaḥ","sorely grieved","su-duḥkhitaḥ",[["su","very"],["duḥkhita","pained"]]]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.036.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nāgnihotrāṇy ahūyanta sūryaś cāntaradhīyata","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vyasṛjan kavalān nāgā gāvo vatsān na pāyayan","q":null}],"tr":"The fire-oblations were not offered, and the sun was hidden away; the elephants let fall their mouthfuls, and the cows did not suckle their calves.","w":[["nāgnihotrāṇy","the fire-oblations not","na agnihotrāṇi",[["agni","fire"],["hotra","oblation"]]],["ahūyanta","were offered, invoked"],["sūryaś cāntaradhīyata","and the sun vanished","sūryaḥ ca antaradhīyata"],["vyasṛjan","let fall, released"],["kavalān","mouthfuls, morsels"],["nāgā","the elephants","nāgāḥ"],["gāvo","the cows","gāvaḥ"],["vatsān","the calves"],["na pāyayan","did not suckle, give to drink"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.036.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"triśaṅkur lohitāṅgaś ca bṛhaspatibudhāv api","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dāruṇāḥ somam abhyetya grahāḥ sarve vyavasthitāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Triśaṅku (a constellation), Mars, and Jupiter and Mercury too — all the planets, grown baleful, came near the moon and stood there.","w":[["triśaṅkur","Triśaṅku (a constellation)","triśaṅkuḥ"],["lohitāṅgaś ca","and Mars (the red-bodied)","lohitāṅgaḥ ca",[["lohita","red"],["aṅga","body, limb"]]],["bṛhaspatibudhāv api","Jupiter and Mercury too","bṛhaspatibudhau api",[["bṛhaspati","Jupiter"],["budha","Mercury"]]],["dāruṇāḥ","fierce, baleful"],["somam","the moon"],["abhyetya","having approached"],["grahāḥ","the planets"],["sarve","all"],["vyavasthitāḥ","stationed, standing"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.036.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nakṣatrāṇi gatārcīṃṣi grahāś ca gatatejasaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"viśākhāś ca sadhūmāś ca nabhasi pracakāśire","q":null}],"tr":"The lunar mansions with their rays gone dim, and the planets robbed of their brilliance, and the Viśākhā stars veiled in smoke, showed themselves in the sky.","w":[["nakṣatrāṇi","the lunar mansions, stars"],["gatārcīṃṣi","with rays gone","gata-arcīṃṣi",[["gata","gone"],["arcis","ray, flame"]]],["grahāś ca","and the planets","grahāḥ ca"],["gatatejasaḥ","of vanished splendour","gata-tejasaḥ",[["gata","gone"],["tejas","splendour"]]],["viśākhāś ca","and the Viśākhā stars","viśākhāḥ ca"],["sadhūmāś ca","and smoky, veiled in smoke","sadhūmāḥ ca",[["sa","with"],["dhūma","smoke"]]],["nabhasi","in the sky"],["pracakāśire","shone, appeared"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.036.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"akasmān nāgaraḥ sarvo jano dainyam upāgamat","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"āhāre vā vihāre vā na kaś cid akaron manaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"All at once every townsman fell into wretchedness, and no one set his mind on food or on pleasure.","w":[["akasmān","suddenly, all at once","akasmāt"],["nāgaraḥ","of the city, townsman"],["sarvo","all, every","sarvaḥ"],["jano","the people","janaḥ"],["dainyam","wretchedness, dejection"],["upāgamat","came to, fell into"],["āhāre","in food"],["vā","or"],["vihāre","in pleasure, recreation"],["vā","or"],["na kaś cid","no one","na kaḥ cit"],["akaron","set, made","akarot"],["manaḥ","mind"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.036.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bāṣpaparyākulamukho rājamārgagato janaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na hṛṣṭo lakṣyate kaś cit sarvaḥ śokaparāyaṇaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"With faces bewildered by tears, the people thronging the royal highway — not one is seen glad; all are given over to grief.","w":[["bāṣpaparyākulamukho","with face confused by tears","bāṣpaparyākulamukhaḥ",[["bāṣpa","tears"],["paryākula","confused, agitated"],["mukha","face"]]],["rājamārgagato","gone to the royal road","rājamārgagataḥ",[["rāja","royal"],["mārga","road"],["gata","gone"]]],["janaḥ","the people"],["na hṛṣṭo","not glad","na hṛṣṭaḥ"],["lakṣyate","is seen, observed"],["kaś cit","anyone","kaḥ cit"],["sarvaḥ","all, everyone"],["śokaparāyaṇaḥ","devoted to, given over to grief","śokaparāyaṇaḥ",[["śoka","grief"],["parāyaṇa","wholly devoted, intent on"]]]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.036.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na vāti pavanaḥ śīto na śaśī saumyadarśanaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na sūryas tapate lokaṃ sarvaṃ paryākulaṃ jagat","q":null}],"tr":"The cool wind does not blow, the moon is not pleasant to look upon, the sun does not warm the world; the whole world is in turmoil.","w":[["na vāti","does not blow"],["pavanaḥ","the wind"],["śīto","cool","śītaḥ"],["na śaśī","the moon not","na śaśī"],["saumyadarśanaḥ","gentle to behold","saumyadarśanaḥ",[["saumya","gentle, pleasant"],["darśana","appearance, sight"]]],["na sūryas","the sun not","na sūryaḥ"],["tapate","warms, heats"],["lokaṃ","the world"],["sarvaṃ","all, whole"],["paryākulaṃ","confused, in turmoil"],["jagat","the world"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.036.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"anarthinaḥ sutāḥ strīṇāṃ bhartāro bhrātaras tathā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sarve sarvaṃ parityajya rāmam evānvacintayan","q":null}],"tr":"The women's sons had no wants, and so their husbands and brothers; all of them, abandoning everything, thought only of Rāma.","w":[["anarthinaḥ","without wants, indifferent","an-arthinaḥ",[["an","without"],["arthin","desirous, needy"]]],["sutāḥ","sons"],["strīṇāṃ","of the women"],["bhartāro","husbands","bhartāraḥ"],["bhrātaras tathā","and brothers likewise","bhrātaraḥ tathā"],["sarve","all"],["sarvaṃ","everything"],["parityajya","having abandoned"],["rāmam","Rāma"],["evānvacintayan","thought only of","eva anvacintayan"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.036.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ye tu rāmasya suhṛdaḥ sarve te mūḍhacetasaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śokabhāreṇa cākrāntāḥ śayanaṃ na juhus tadā","q":null}],"tr":"But those who were Rāma's friends, all of them, dazed in mind and overwhelmed by the weight of grief, did not forsake their beds that day.","w":[["ye","who","ye"],["tu","but"],["rāmasya","of Rāma"],["suhṛdaḥ","friends"],["sarve","all"],["te","they"],["mūḍhacetasaḥ","dazed in mind","mūḍhacetasaḥ",[["mūḍha","dazed, bewildered"],["cetas","mind"]]],["śokabhāreṇa","by the burden of grief","śokabhāreṇa",[["śoka","grief"],["bhāra","weight, burden"]]],["cākrāntāḥ","and oppressed, overwhelmed","ca ākrāntāḥ"],["śayanaṃ","the bed, couch"],["na juhus","did not forsake, leave","na juhuḥ"],["tadā","then, that day"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.036.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tatas tv ayodhyā rahitā mahātmanā puraṃdareṇeva mahī saparvatā","q":["tatas tv ayodhyā rahitā mahātmanā","puraṃdareṇeva mahī saparvatā"]},{"p":"c","t":"cacāla ghoraṃ bhayabhārapīḍitā sanāgayodhāśvagaṇā nanāda ca","q":["cacāla ghoraṃ bhayabhārapīḍitā","sanāgayodhāśvagaṇā nanāda ca"]}],"tr":"Then Ayodhyā, bereft of the great-souled one, like the earth with its mountains bereft of Indra, trembled dreadfully, oppressed by a burden of fear, and its hosts of elephants, warriors and horses cried aloud.","w":[["tatas tv","then indeed","tataḥ tu"],["ayodhyā","Ayodhyā"],["rahitā","deprived, bereft"],["mahātmanā","of the great-souled one","mahā-ātmanā",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["puraṃdareṇeva","as if by Indra (the fort-breaker)","puraṃdareṇa iva",[["pur","fort, city"],["dara","breaking, tearing"]]],["mahī","the earth"],["saparvatā","with its mountains","sa-parvatā",[["sa","with"],["parvata","mountain"]]],["cacāla","trembled, shook"],["ghoraṃ","dreadfully, terribly"],["bhayabhārapīḍitā","oppressed by a burden of fear","bhayabhārapīḍitā",[["bhaya","fear"],["bhāra","burden"],["pīḍita","afflicted"]]],["sanāgayodhāśvagaṇā","with its hosts of elephants, warriors and horses","sanāgayodhāśvagaṇā",[["sa","with"],["nāga","elephant"],["yodha","warrior"],["aśva","horse"],["gaṇa","host, troop"]]],["nanāda","roared, cried out"],["ca","and"]]}]}