{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":17,"title":"Kausalyā learns of Rāma’s exile","sentence":"Rāma tells Kausalyā that Bharata will inherit and he must leave, she collapses and laments their separation","portion":"Kausalyā’s grief and Lakṣmaṇa’s resistance","sequence":[[{"steps":["Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa enter Kausalyā's apartments, where she has been praying and making offerings for his welfare (17.1–9)"],"from":1,"to":9,"sarga":17},{"steps":["she welcomes him with blessings, still expecting his abhiṣeka that day (17.10–12)"],"from":10,"to":12,"sarga":17},{"steps":["he tells her that Bharata will be heir and that he himself must live for fourteen years in Daṇḍaka; he says he will give up meat and live like a muni on honey, roots, and fruit (17.13–16)"],"from":13,"to":16,"sarga":17},{"steps":["she faints; Rāma raises and comforts her (17.17–19)"],"from":17,"to":19,"sarga":17},{"steps":["she explains that she had endured neglect as a wife by hoping for happiness through her son, but now fears humiliation and isolation among her co-wives (17.20–25)"],"from":20,"to":25,"sarga":17},{"steps":["she says seventeen years have passed since his birth, spent hoping for an end to her sorrow (17.26)"],"from":26,"to":26,"sarga":17},{"steps":["she laments that her fasting, gifts, and prayers have brought no relief and wishes she could die rather than lose him (17.27–33)."],"from":27,"to":33,"sarga":17}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.017.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rāmas tu bhṛśam āyasto niḥśvasann iva kuñjaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"jagāma sahito bhrātrā mātur antaḥpuraṃ vaśī","q":null}],"tr":"But Rāma, deeply distressed, sighing like an elephant, self-controlled, went with his brother to his mother's apartments.","w":[["rāmas","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["tu","but"],["bhṛśam","deeply"],["āyasto","distressed","āyastaḥ"],["niḥśvasann","sighing","niḥśvasan"],["iva","like"],["kuñjaraḥ","an elephant"],["jagāma","went"],["sahito","together","sahitaḥ"],["bhrātrā","with (his) brother"],["mātur","of (his) mother","mātuḥ"],["antaḥpuraṃ","the inner apartments","antaḥpuram",[["antar","within"],["pura","dwelling"]]],["vaśī","self-controlled"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.017.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"so 'paśyat puruṣaṃ tatra vṛddhaṃ paramapūjitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"upaviṣṭaṃ gṛhadvāri tiṣṭhataś cāparān bahūn","q":null}],"tr":"There he saw an aged, highly honoured man seated at the house-door, and many others standing about.","w":[["so","he","saḥ"],["'paśyat","saw","apaśyat"],["puruṣaṃ","a man","puruṣam"],["tatra","there"],["vṛddhaṃ","aged","vṛddham"],["paramapūjitam","highly honoured","parama-pūjitam",[["parama","supreme"],["pūjita","honoured"]]],["upaviṣṭaṃ","seated","upaviṣṭam"],["gṛhadvāri","at the house-door","gṛha-dvāri",[["gṛha","house"],["dvāra","door"]]],["tiṣṭhataś","standing","tiṣṭhataḥ"],["cāparān","and others","ca aparān"],["bahūn","many"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.017.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"praviśya prathamāṃ kakṣyāṃ dvitīyāyāṃ dadarśa saḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"brāhmaṇān vedasaṃpannān vṛddhān rājñābhisatkṛtān","q":null}],"tr":"Passing through the first courtyard, in the second he saw brahmins versed in the Vedas, aged, honoured by the king.","w":[["praviśya","having entered"],["prathamāṃ","the first","prathamām"],["kakṣyāṃ","courtyard","kakṣyām"],["dvitīyāyāṃ","in the second","dvitīyāyām"],["dadarśa","saw"],["saḥ","he"],["brāhmaṇān","brahmins"],["vedasaṃpannān","versed in the Vedas","veda-saṃpannān",[["veda","Veda"],["saṃpanna","endowed, versed"]]],["vṛddhān","aged"],["rājñābhisatkṛtān","honoured by the king","rājñā abhisatkṛtān",[["rājan","king"],["abhisatkṛta","honoured"]]]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.017.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"praṇamya rāmas tān vṛddhāṃs tṛtīyāyāṃ dadarśa saḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"striyo vṛddhāś ca bālāś ca dvārarakṣaṇatatparāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having bowed to those elders, Rāma in the third courtyard saw women, old and young, intent on guarding the door.","w":[["praṇamya","having 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welfare","putra-hita-eṣiṇī",[["putra","son"],["hita","welfare"],["eṣin","seeking"]]]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.017.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā kṣaumavasanā hṛṣṭā nityaṃ vrataparāyaṇā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"agniṃ juhoti sma tadā mantravat kṛtamaṅgalā","q":null}],"tr":"Clad in linen, joyful, ever devoted to her vows, having performed the auspicious rites, she was then offering oblations to the fire with mantras.","w":[["sā","she"],["kṣaumavasanā","clad in linen","kṣauma-vasanā",[["kṣauma","linen"],["vasana","garment"]]],["hṛṣṭā","joyful"],["nityaṃ","ever","nityam"],["vrataparāyaṇā","devoted to (her) vows","vrata-parāyaṇā",[["vrata","vow"],["parāyaṇa","devoted, intent"]]],["agniṃ","the fire","agnim"],["juhoti sma","was offering oblations to"],["tadā","then"],["mantravat","with mantras","",[["mantra","mantra"],["-vat","with"]]],["kṛtamaṅgalā","having performed the auspicious rites","kṛta-maṅgalā",[["kṛta","done"],["maṅgala","auspicious rite"]]]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.017.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"praviśya ca tadā rāmo mātur antaḥpuraṃ śubham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dadarśa mātaraṃ tatra hāvayantīṃ hutāśanam","q":null}],"tr":"Entering then his mother's fair apartments, Rāma saw his mother there making the fire-offering.","w":[["praviśya","having entered"],["ca","and"],["tadā","then"],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["mātur","of (his) mother","mātuḥ"],["antaḥpuraṃ","the apartments","antaḥpuram",[["antar","within"],["pura","dwelling"]]],["śubham","fair, auspicious"],["dadarśa","saw"],["mātaraṃ","(his) mother","mātaram"],["tatra","there"],["hāvayantīṃ","offering, causing (oblation) to be made","hāvayantīm"],["hutāśanam","the fire (the oblation-eater)","",[["huta","offered oblation"],["aśana","eater"]]]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.017.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā cirasyātmajaṃ dṛṣṭvā mātṛnandanam āgatam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"abhicakrāma saṃhṛṣṭā kiśoraṃ vaḍavā yathā","q":null}],"tr":"Seeing after so long her son come — the delight of his mother — she rushed forward, overjoyed, as a mare toward her colt.","w":[["sā","she"],["cirasyātmajaṃ","after long, (her) son","cirasya ātmajaṃ"],["dṛṣṭvā","having seen"],["mātṛnandanam","the delight of (his) mother","mātṛ-nandanam",[["mātṛ","mother"],["nandana","delight, gladdener"]]],["āgatam","come"],["abhicakrāma","rushed toward"],["saṃhṛṣṭā","overjoyed"],["kiśoraṃ","a colt","kiśoram"],["vaḍavā","a mare"],["yathā","as"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.017.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tam uvāca durādharṣaṃ rāghavaṃ sutam ātmanaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kausalyā putravātsalyād idaṃ priyahitaṃ vacaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"To that unassailable Rāghava, her own son, Kausalyā, out of maternal love, spoke these kind and salutary words:","w":[["tam","him"],["uvāca","said"],["durādharṣaṃ","unassailable","durādharṣam",[["dur-","hard to"],["ādharṣa","assail"]]],["rāghavaṃ","Rāghava","rāghavam"],["sutam","son"],["ātmanaḥ","her own"],["kausalyā","Kausalyā"],["putravātsalyād","out of maternal love","putra-vātsalyāt",[["putra","son"],["vātsalya","affection"]]],["idaṃ","this","idam"],["priyahitaṃ","kind and salutary","priya-hitaṃ",[["priya","dear, kind"],["hita","beneficial"]]],["vacaḥ","words"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.017.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vṛddhānāṃ dharmaśīlānāṃ rājarṣīṇāṃ mahātmanām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prāpnuhy āyuś ca kīrtiṃ ca dharmaṃ copahitaṃ kule","q":null}],"tr":"May you attain the long life, the fame, and the dharma laid up in the family of the aged, righteous, great-souled royal seers.","w":[["vṛddhānāṃ","of the aged","vṛddhānām"],["dharmaśīlānāṃ","of righteous character","dharma-śīlānām",[["dharma","dharma"],["śīla","character, conduct"]]],["rājarṣīṇāṃ","of royal seers","rājarṣīṇām",[["rājan","king"],["ṛṣi","seer"]]],["mahātmanām","of the great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["prāpnuhy","attain","prāpnuhi"],["āyuś","long life","āyuḥ"],["ca","and"],["kīrtiṃ","fame","kīrtim"],["ca","and"],["dharmaṃ","dharma","dharmam"],["copahitaṃ","and laid up","ca upahitaṃ"],["kule","in the family"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.017.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"satyapratijñaṃ pitaraṃ rājānaṃ paśya rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"adyaiva hi tvāṃ dharmātmā yauvarājye 'bhiṣekṣyati","q":null}],"tr":"Behold your father the king, true to his promise, O Rāghava; for this very day the righteous one will consecrate you to the heir-apparency.","w":[["satyapratijñaṃ","true to his promise","satyapratijñam",[["satya","truth"],["pratijñā","promise"]]],["pitaraṃ","father","pitaram"],["rājānaṃ","the king","rājānam"],["paśya","behold"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["adyaiva","this very day","adya eva"],["hi","for"],["tvāṃ","you","tvām"],["dharmātmā","the righteous one","",[["dharma","dharma"],["ātman","soul"]]],["yauvarājye","to the heir-apparency"],["'bhiṣekṣyati","will consecrate","abhiṣekṣyati"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.017.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"mātaraṃ rāghavaḥ kiṃ cit prasāryāñjalim abravīt","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sa svabhāvavinītaś ca gauravāc ca tadānataḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Rāghava, extending his joined hands a little, spoke to his mother; naturally modest, and bowed then out of reverence, he said:","w":[["mātaraṃ","(to his) mother","mātaram"],["rāghavaḥ","Rāghava"],["kiṃ cit","a little","kiṃ cit"],["prasāryāñjalim","having extended (his) joined hands","prasārya añjalim",[["prasārya","having extended"],["añjali","cupped hands"]]],["abravīt","spoke"],["sa","he"],["svabhāvavinītaś","naturally modest","svabhāva-vinītaḥ",[["svabhāva","nature"],["vinīta","modest"]]],["ca","and"],["gauravāc","out of reverence","gauravāt"],["ca","and"],["tadānataḥ","then bowed","tadā ānataḥ"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.017.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"devi nūnaṃ na jānīṣe mahad bhayam upasthitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"idaṃ tava ca duḥkhāya vaidehyā lakṣmaṇasya ca","q":null}],"tr":"O queen, surely you do not know that a great danger has arisen; this will bring sorrow to you, and to Vaidehī, and to Lakṣmaṇa.","w":[["devi","O queen"],["nūnaṃ","surely","nūnam"],["na","not"],["jānīṣe","you know"],["mahad","great","mahat"],["bhayam","danger, fear"],["upasthitam","has arisen, is at hand"],["idaṃ","this","idam"],["tava","of you"],["ca","and"],["duḥkhāya","for the sorrow"],["vaidehyā","of Vaidehī (Sītā)"],["lakṣmaṇasya","of Lakṣmaṇa"],["ca","and"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"2.017.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi vatsyāmi vijane vane","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"madhumūlaphalair jīvan hitvā munivad āmiṣam","q":null}],"tr":"For fourteen years I shall dwell in a lonely forest, living on honey, roots, and fruits, giving up meat like a sage.","w":[["caturdaśa","fourteen"],["hi","for"],["varṣāṇi","years"],["vatsyāmi","I shall dwell"],["vijane","in a lonely (place)","vijane",[["vi-","devoid of"],["jana","people"]]],["vane","in the forest"],["madhumūlaphalair","on honey, roots, and fruits","madhu-mūla-phalaiḥ",[["madhu","honey"],["mūla","root"],["phala","fruit"]]],["jīvan","living"],["hitvā","having given up"],["munivad","like a sage","muni-vat",[["muni","sage"],["-vat","like"]]],["āmiṣam","meat"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.017.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bharatāya mahārājo yauvarājyaṃ prayacchati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"māṃ punar daṇḍakāraṇyaṃ vivāsayati tāpasaṃ","q":null}],"tr":"The great king gives the heir-apparency to Bharata, and banishes me, as an ascetic, to the Daṇḍaka forest.","w":[["bharatāya","to Bharata"],["mahārājo","the great king","mahārājaḥ",[["mahā","great"],["rājan","king"]]],["yauvarājyaṃ","the heir-apparency","yauvarājyam"],["prayacchati","gives"],["māṃ","me","mām"],["punar","on the other hand"],["daṇḍakāraṇyaṃ","to the Daṇḍaka forest","daṇḍaka-araṇyaṃ",[["daṇḍaka","Daṇḍaka"],["araṇya","forest"]]],["vivāsayati","banishes"],["tāpasaṃ","as an ascetic","tāpasam"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.017.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tām aduḥkhocitāṃ dṛṣṭvā patitāṃ kadalīm iva","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāmas tūtthāpayām āsa mātaraṃ gatacetasaṃ","q":null}],"tr":"Seeing her, unused to sorrow, fallen like a plantain tree and swooning, Rāma raised his mother up.","w":[["tām","her","tām"],["aduḥkhocitāṃ","unaccustomed to sorrow","a-duḥkha-ucitām",[["a-","not"],["duḥkha","sorrow"],["ucita","accustomed"]]],["dṛṣṭvā","having seen"],["patitāṃ","fallen","patitām"],["kadalīm","a plantain (banana) tree"],["iva","like"],["rāmas","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["tūtthāpayām āsa","raised up","tu utthāpayām āsa"],["mātaraṃ","(his) mother","mātaram"],["gatacetasaṃ","swooning, senseless","gata-cetasam",[["gata","gone"],["cetas","mind"]]]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.017.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"upāvṛtyotthitāṃ dīnāṃ vaḍavām iva vāhitām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pāṃśuguṇṭhitasarvāgnīṃ vimamarśa ca pāṇinā","q":null}],"tr":"Turning to her as she rose, wretched, like an overworked mare, her whole body covered with dust, he stroked her with his hand.","w":[["upāvṛtyotthitāṃ","turning to (her) risen","upāvṛtya utthitām"],["dīnāṃ","wretched","dīnām"],["vaḍavām","a mare"],["iva","like"],["vāhitām","driven, overworked"],["pāṃśuguṇṭhitasarvāgnīṃ","her whole body covered with dust","pāṃśu-guṇṭhita-sarva-aṅgīṃ",[["pāṃśu","dust"],["guṇṭhita","covered"],["sarva","all, whole"],["aṅga","limb, body"]]],["vimamarśa","stroked"],["ca","and"],["pāṇinā","with (his) hand"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.017.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā rāghavam upāsīnam asukhārtā sukhocitā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"uvāca puruṣavyāghram upaśṛṇvati lakṣmaṇe","q":null}],"tr":"She, afflicted with grief though accustomed to comfort, spoke to that tiger among men, Rāghava, seated near, while Lakṣmaṇa listened.","w":[["sā","she"],["rāghavam","Rāghava"],["upāsīnam","seated near"],["asukhārtā","afflicted with grief","asukha-ārtā",[["asukha","discomfort, pain"],["ārta","afflicted"]]],["sukhocitā","accustomed to comfort","sukha-ucitā",[["sukha","comfort"],["ucita","accustomed"]]],["uvāca","said"],["puruṣavyāghram","the tiger among men","puruṣa-vyāghram",[["puruṣa","man"],["vyāghra","tiger"]]],["upaśṛṇvati lakṣmaṇe","while Lakṣmaṇa listened (loc. abs.)"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.017.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yadi putra na jāyethā mama śokāya rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na sma duḥkham ato bhūyaḥ paśyeyam aham aprajā","q":null}],"tr":"If, my son Rāghava, you had not been born to my sorrow, I, though childless, would not have seen a grief greater than this.","w":[["yadi","if"],["putra","O son"],["na","not"],["jāyethā","you had been born"],["mama","to my"],["śokāya","for sorrow"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["na sma","not (would)"],["duḥkham","grief"],["ato","than this","ataḥ"],["bhūyaḥ","greater, more"],["paśyeyam","I would see"],["aham","I"],["aprajā","childless","",[["a-","without"],["prajā","offspring"]]]]},{"v":21,"ref":"2.017.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"eka eva hi vandhyāyāḥ śoko bhavati mānavaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"aprajāsmīti saṃtāpo na hy anyaḥ putra vidyate","q":null}],"tr":"For a barren woman there is but one human grief — the anguish, 'I am childless'; no other, my son, exists.","w":[["eka","one"],["eva","only"],["hi","for"],["vandhyāyāḥ","of a barren woman"],["śoko","grief","śokaḥ"],["bhavati","is"],["mānavaḥ","human"],["aprajāsmīti","\"I am childless\"","aprajā asmi iti"],["saṃtāpo","the anguish","saṃtāpaḥ"],["na","not"],["hy","indeed","hi"],["anyaḥ","other"],["putra","O son"],["vidyate","exists"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"2.017.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ kalyāṇaṃ sukhaṃ vā patipauruṣe","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"api putre vipaśyeyam iti rāmāsthitaṃ mayā","q":null}],"tr":"I had never before seen any welfare or happiness in my husband's manly power; 'yet in my son I might see it' — so, O Rāma, I had trusted.","w":[["na","not"],["dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ","seen before","dṛṣṭa-pūrvaṃ",[["dṛṣṭa","seen"],["pūrva","before"]]],["kalyāṇaṃ","welfare","kalyāṇam"],["sukhaṃ","happiness","sukham"],["vā","or"],["patipauruṣe","in (my) husband's manly power","pati-pauruṣe",[["pati","husband"],["pauruṣa","manliness, valour"]]],["api","even, yet"],["putre","in (my) son"],["vipaśyeyam","I might see"],["iti","thus"],["rāmāsthitaṃ","O Rāma, (this hope) was held","rāma āsthitaṃ"],["mayā","by me"]]},{"v":23,"ref":"2.017.023","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā bahūny amanojñāni vākyāni hṛdayacchidām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ahaṃ śroṣye sapatnīnām avarāṇāṃ varā satī","q":null},{"p":"e","t":"ato duḥkhataraṃ kiṃ nu pramadānāṃ bhaviṣyati","q":null}],"tr":"I, though the foremost of the queens, shall now hear many unpleasant, heart-piercing words from co-wives who are my inferiors; what greater sorrow than this can there be for women?","w":[["sā","she (who am I)"],["bahūny","many","bahūni"],["amanojñāni","unpleasant","a-manojñāni",[["a-","not"],["manojña","pleasing"]]],["vākyāni","words"],["hṛdayacchidām","heart-piercing","hṛdaya-cchidām",[["hṛdaya","heart"],["chid","cutting, piercing"]]],["ahaṃ","I","aham"],["śroṣye","I shall hear"],["sapatnīnām","of (my) co-wives","",[["sa-","co-, rival"],["patnī","wife"]]],["avarāṇāṃ","of the inferior (ones)","avarāṇām"],["varā","the foremost"],["satī","being"],["ato","than this","ataḥ"],["duḥkhataraṃ","greater sorrow","duḥkhataram"],["kiṃ","what","kim"],["nu","indeed"],["pramadānāṃ","for women","pramadānām"],["bhaviṣyati","will be"]]},{"v":24,"ref":"2.017.024","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tvayi saṃnihite 'py evam aham āsaṃ nirākṛtā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kiṃ punaḥ proṣite tāta dhruvaṃ maraṇam eva me","q":null}],"tr":"Even while you were near, I was thus slighted; how much more when you are gone away, my child? Surely death alone awaits me.","w":[["tvayi","while you (loc.)"],["saṃnihite","near, present (loc.)"],["'py","even","api"],["evam","thus"],["aham","I"],["āsaṃ","was","āsam"],["nirākṛtā","slighted, rejected"],["kiṃ punaḥ","how much more","kim punaḥ"],["proṣite","when (you are) gone away (loc.)"],["tāta","my child, dear"],["dhruvaṃ","surely","dhruvam"],["maraṇam","death"],["eva","alone"],["me","for me"]]},{"v":25,"ref":"2.017.025","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yo hi māṃ sevate kaś cid atha vāpy anuvartate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaikeyyāḥ putram anvīkṣya sa jano nābhibhāṣate","q":null}],"tr":"For whoever attends on me, or even shows me deference, that person, having regard for Kaikeyī's son, does not so much as speak to me.","w":[["yo","whoever","yaḥ"],["hi","for"],["māṃ","me","mām"],["sevate","serves, attends"],["kaś cid","anyone","kaḥ cit"],["atha vāpy","or even","atha vā api"],["anuvartate","shows deference, follows"],["kaikeyyāḥ","of Kaikeyī"],["putram","son"],["anvīkṣya","having regard for"],["sa","that","saḥ"],["jano","person","janaḥ"],["nābhibhāṣate","does not address","na abhibhāṣate"]]},{"v":26,"ref":"2.017.026","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"daśa sapta ca varṣāṇi tava jātasya rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"atītāni prakāṅkṣantyā mayā duḥkhaparikṣayam","q":null}],"tr":"Seventeen years have passed since your birth, O Rāghava, as I longed for an end to my sorrow.","w":[["daśa","ten"],["sapta","seven"],["ca","and"],["varṣāṇi","years"],["tava","of you"],["jātasya","born (since you were born)"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["atītāni","have passed"],["prakāṅkṣantyā","by (me) longing for"],["mayā","by me"],["duḥkhaparikṣayam","an end of sorrow","duḥkha-parikṣayam",[["duḥkha","sorrow"],["parikṣaya","end, destruction"]]]]},{"v":27,"ref":"2.017.027","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"upavāsaiś ca yogaiś ca bahubhiś ca pariśramaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"duḥkhaṃ saṃvardhito moghaṃ tvaṃ hi durgatayā mayā","q":null}],"tr":"For with fasts and disciplines and many toils, painfully and in vain, were you reared by me, ill-fated as I am.","w":[["upavāsaiś","with fasts","upavāsaiḥ"],["ca","and"],["yogaiś","with disciplines","yogaiḥ"],["ca","and"],["bahubhiś","with many","bahubhiḥ"],["ca","and"],["pariśramaiḥ","with toils"],["duḥkhaṃ","painfully","duḥkham"],["saṃvardhito","reared, brought up","saṃvardhitaḥ"],["moghaṃ","in vain","mogham"],["tvaṃ","you","tvam"],["hi","indeed"],["durgatayā","by (me) ill-fated","dur-gatayā",[["dur-","ill"],["gati","fortune, course"]]],["mayā","by me"]]},{"v":28,"ref":"2.017.028","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sthiraṃ tu hṛdayaṃ manye mamedaṃ yan na dīryate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prāvṛṣīva mahānadyāḥ spṛṣṭaṃ kūlaṃ navāmbhasā","q":null}],"tr":"I think this heart of mine must be hard, since it does not burst — like the bank of a great river in the rains touched by fresh waters.","w":[["sthiraṃ","hard, firm","sthiram"],["tu","but"],["hṛdayaṃ","heart","hṛdayam"],["manye","I think"],["mamedaṃ","this of mine","mama idaṃ"],["yan","that","yat"],["na","not"],["dīryate","bursts, splits"],["prāvṛṣīva","as in the rains","prāvṛṣi iva"],["mahānadyāḥ","of a great river","mahā-nadyāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["nadī","river"]]],["spṛṣṭaṃ","touched","spṛṣṭam"],["kūlaṃ","the bank","kūlam"],["navāmbhasā","by fresh water","nava-ambhasā",[["nava","new, fresh"],["ambhas","water"]]]]},{"v":29,"ref":"2.017.029","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"mamaiva nūnaṃ maraṇaṃ na vidyate na cāvakāśo 'sti yamakṣaye mama","q":["mamaiva nūnaṃ maraṇaṃ na vidyate","na cāvakāśo 'sti yamakṣaye mama"]},{"p":"c","t":"yad antako 'dyaiva na māṃ jihīrṣati prasahya siṃho rudatīṃ mṛgīm iva","q":["yad antako 'dyaiva na māṃ jihīrṣati","prasahya siṃho rudatīṃ mṛgīm iva"]}],"tr":"Surely for me alone there is no death, nor is there any place for me in Yama's realm, since Death does not this very day carry me off by force, as a lion drags off a wailing doe.","w":[["mamaiva","for me alone","mama eva"],["nūnaṃ","surely","nūnam"],["maraṇaṃ","death","maraṇam"],["na","not"],["vidyate","exists"],["na","nor"],["cāvakāśo","and (any) place","ca avakāśaḥ"],["'sti","is","asti"],["yamakṣaye","in Yama's abode","yama-kṣaye",[["yama","Yama"],["kṣaya","abode, destruction"]]],["mama","for me"],["yad","since","yat"],["antako","Death","antakaḥ"],["'dyaiva","this very day","adya eva"],["na","not"],["māṃ","me","mām"],["jihīrṣati","wishes to carry off"],["prasahya","forcibly"],["siṃho","a lion","siṃhaḥ"],["rudatīṃ","wailing","rudatīm"],["mṛgīm","a doe"],["iva","like"]]},{"v":30,"ref":"2.017.030","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sthiraṃ hi nūnaṃ hṛdayaṃ mamāyasaṃ na bhidyate yad bhuvi nāvadīryate","q":["sthiraṃ hi nūnaṃ hṛdayaṃ mamāyasaṃ","na bhidyate yad bhuvi nāvadīryate"]},{"p":"c","t":"anena duḥkhena ca deham arpitaṃ dhruvaṃ hy akāle maraṇaṃ na vidyate","q":["anena duḥkhena ca deham arpitaṃ","dhruvaṃ hy akāle maraṇaṃ na vidyate"]}],"tr":"Surely my heart must be firm, made of iron, since it does not break nor fall shattered to the ground; and though my body is given over to this grief, surely there is no dying before one's time.","w":[["sthiraṃ","firm","sthiram"],["hi","indeed"],["nūnaṃ","surely","nūnam"],["hṛdayaṃ","heart","hṛdayam"],["mamāyasaṃ","my iron (one)","mama āyasaṃ",[["āyasa","made of iron"]]],["na","not"],["bhidyate","breaks"],["yad","since","yat"],["bhuvi","on the ground"],["nāvadīryate","nor is shattered","na avadīryate"],["anena","by this"],["duḥkhena","grief"],["ca","and"],["deham","the body"],["arpitaṃ","given over, delivered","arpitam"],["dhruvaṃ","surely","dhruvam"],["hy","indeed","hi"],["akāle","untimely","a-kāle"],["maraṇaṃ","death","maraṇam"],["na","not"],["vidyate","exists"]]},{"v":31,"ref":"2.017.031","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"idaṃ tu duḥkhaṃ yad anarthakāni me vratāni dānāni ca saṃyamāś ca hi","q":["idaṃ tu duḥkhaṃ yad anarthakāni me","vratāni dānāni ca saṃyamāś ca hi"]},{"p":"c","t":"tapaś ca taptaṃ yad apatyakāraṇāt suniṣphalaṃ bījam ivoptam ūṣare","q":["tapaś ca taptaṃ yad apatyakāraṇāt","suniṣphalaṃ bījam ivoptam ūṣare"]}],"tr":"But this is my grief: that my vows, my gifts, and my restraints have been fruitless, and that the austerity I performed for the sake of offspring is utterly barren, like seed sown in salt soil.","w":[["idaṃ","this","idam"],["tu","but"],["duḥkhaṃ","grief","duḥkham"],["yad","that","yat"],["anarthakāni","fruitless, useless","an-arthakāni",[["an-","non-"],["arthaka","purposeful"]]],["me","my"],["vratāni","vows"],["dānāni","gifts"],["ca","and"],["saṃyamāś","restraints","saṃyamāḥ"],["ca","and"],["hi","indeed"],["tapaś","austerity","tapaḥ"],["ca","and"],["taptaṃ","performed","taptam"],["yad","which","yat"],["apatyakāraṇāt","for the sake of offspring","apatya-kāraṇāt",[["apatya","offspring"],["kāraṇa","cause, reason"]]],["suniṣphalaṃ","utterly barren","su-niṣphalaṃ",[["su","very"],["niṣphala","fruitless"]]],["bījam","seed"],["ivoptam","like sown","iva uptam"],["ūṣare","in barren salt soil"]]},{"v":32,"ref":"2.017.032","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yadi hy akāle maraṇaṃ svayecchayā labheta kaś cid guru duḥkha karśitaḥ","q":["yadi hy akāle maraṇaṃ svayecchayā","labheta kaś cid guru duḥkha karśitaḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"gatāham adyaiva pareta saṃsadaṃ vinā tvayā dhenur ivātmajena vai","q":["gatāham adyaiva pareta saṃsadaṃ","vinā tvayā dhenur ivātmajena vai"]}],"tr":"If anyone worn down by heavy sorrow could obtain death untimely at their own will, then this very day, bereft of you as a cow of her calf, I would have gone to the assembly of the dead.","w":[["yadi","if"],["hy","indeed","hi"],["akāle","untimely","a-kāle"],["maraṇaṃ","death","maraṇam"],["svayecchayā","by (one's) own will","svayā icchayā"],["labheta","could obtain"],["kaś cid","anyone","kaḥ cit"],["guru","heavy"],["duḥkha","by sorrow"],["karśitaḥ","worn down, emaciated"],["gatāham","I would have gone","gatā aham"],["adyaiva","this very day","adya eva"],["pareta saṃsadaṃ","to the assembly of the dead","pareta-saṃsadaṃ",[["pareta","departed, dead"],["saṃsad","assembly"]]],["vinā","without"],["tvayā","you"],["dhenur","a cow","dhenuḥ"],["ivātmajena","as (deprived) of her calf","iva ātmajena",[["ātmaja","offspring, young"]]],["vai","indeed"]]},{"v":33,"ref":"2.017.033","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bhṛśam asukham amarṣitā tadā bahu vilalāpa samīkṣya rāghavam","q":["bhṛśam asukham amarṣitā tadā","bahu vilalāpa samīkṣya rāghavam"]},{"p":"c","t":"vyasanam upaniśāmya sā mahat sutam iva baddham avekṣya kiṃnarī","q":["vyasanam upaniśāmya sā mahat","sutam iva baddham avekṣya kiṃnarī"]}],"tr":"Then, deeply pained and grief-stricken, gazing upon Rāghava and perceiving the great calamity, she lamented long — like a kiṃnarī looking upon her captured son.","w":[["bhṛśam","deeply"],["asukham","painfully, unhappily","a-sukham"],["amarṣitā","grief-stricken, indignant"],["tadā","then"],["bahu","much, long"],["vilalāpa","lamented"],["samīkṣya","having gazed upon"],["rāghavam","Rāghava"],["vyasanam","calamity"],["upaniśāmya","having perceived"],["sā","she"],["mahat","great"],["sutam","son"],["iva","like"],["baddham","captured, bound"],["avekṣya","looking upon"],["kiṃnarī","a kiṃnarī (female kinnara)"]]}]}