{"kanda":2,"kandaName":"Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa","sarga":16,"title":"Rāma accepts fourteen years of exile","sentence":"Kaikeyī explains the boons, Rāma agrees, asks for Bharata’s return and leaves to speak to Kausalyā & Sītā","portion":"Rāma accepts the exile","sequence":[[{"steps":["Rāma bows to Daśaratha and Kaikeyī, but his father can only say his name and weep (16.1–4)"],"from":1,"to":4,"sarga":16},{"steps":["alarmed by this unfamiliar silence, Rāma asks whether he has offended him, whether he is ill, or whether something has happened to the family (16.5–15)"],"from":5,"to":15,"sarga":16},{"steps":["he asks Kaikeyī to explain and promises to do whatever his father requires, even at the cost of his life (16.16–19)"],"from":16,"to":19,"sarga":16},{"steps":["she recounts the two boons and tells him that Bharata will receive the Kingdom while he must spend fourteen years in Daṇḍaka, dressed as a tapasvin (16.20–26)"],"from":20,"to":26,"sarga":16},{"steps":["Rāma accepts immediately","he says that what hurts him is his father's inability to tell him directly: he would willingly give Bharata the Kingdom and everything else (16.27–34)."],"from":27,"to":34,"sarga":16}],[{"steps":["Rāma asks that Bharata be summoned and Daśaratha comforted","Kaikeyī presses him to leave quickly, saying the King will neither eat nor bathe until he has gone","Daśaratha collapses again, and Rāma helps him up (16.35–44)"],"from":35,"to":44,"sarga":16},{"steps":["Rāma says he values duty above gain and would obey Kaikeyī even without a separate command from his father","he asks only to take leave of Kausalyā and speak to Sītā, and tells Kaikeyī to ensure that Bharata serves their father (16.45–52)"],"from":45,"to":52,"sarga":16},{"steps":["he bows to both parents, walks respectfully around them and the vessels prepared for his abhiṣeka, and leaves","Lakṣmaṇa follows in tears and anger, while Rāma controls his own grief and goes to his mother's still-celebrating household (16.53–61)."],"from":53,"to":61,"sarga":16}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"2.016.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa dadarśāsane rāmo niṣaṇṇaṃ pitaraṃ śubhe","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaikeyīsahitaṃ dīnaṃ mukhena pariśuṣyatā","q":null}],"tr":"Rāma saw his father seated on a fair couch together with Kaikeyī, dejected, his face wan and shrunken.","w":[["sa","he"],["dadarśāsane","saw upon a seat","dadarśa āsane"],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["niṣaṇṇaṃ","seated"],["pitaraṃ","his father"],["śubhe","fair, beautiful (couch)"],["kaikeyīsahitaṃ","together with Kaikeyī","",[["kaikeyī","Kaikeyī"],["sahita","together with"]]],["dīnaṃ","dejected, wretched"],["mukhena","with his face"],["pariśuṣyatā","wan, shrivelling"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"2.016.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa pituś caraṇau pūrvam abhivādya vinītavat","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tato vavande caraṇau kaikeyyāḥ susamāhitaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"First reverently saluting his father's feet, then, well-composed, he bowed to the feet of Kaikeyī.","w":[["sa","he"],["pituś","of his father","pituḥ"],["caraṇau","the two feet"],["pūrvam","first"],["abhivādya","having saluted"],["vinītavat","reverently, humbly"],["tato","then","tataḥ"],["vavande","bowed to, saluted"],["caraṇau","the feet"],["kaikeyyāḥ","of Kaikeyī"],["susamāhitaḥ","well-composed, attentive","",[["su-","well"],["samāhita","collected, composed"]]]]},{"v":3,"ref":"2.016.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rāmety uktvā ca vacanaṃ vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śaśāka nṛpatir dīno nekṣituṃ nābhibhāṣitum","q":null}],"tr":"Having spoken only the word 'Rāma,' his eyes brimming with tears, the wretched king could neither look at him nor speak.","w":[["rāmety","'Rāma'","rāma iti"],["uktvā","having said"],["ca","and"],["vacanaṃ","the word"],["vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ","his eyes troubled with tears","vāṣpa-paryākula-īkṣaṇaḥ",[["vāṣpa","tear"],["paryākula","agitated, filled"],["īkṣaṇa","eye"]]],["śaśāka","was able"],["nṛpatir","the king","nṛpatiḥ"],["dīno","wretched","dīnaḥ"],["nekṣituṃ","not to look","na īkṣituṃ"],["nābhibhāṣitum","nor to speak","na abhibhāṣitum"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"2.016.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad apūrvaṃ narapater dṛṣṭvā rūpaṃ bhayāvaham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāmo 'pi bhayam āpannaḥ padā spṛṣṭveva pannagam","q":null}],"tr":"Seeing that unprecedented, fearsome look of the king, Rāma too was seized with fear, like one who has touched a snake with his foot.","w":[["tad","that"],["apūrvaṃ","unprecedented"],["narapater","of the king","narapateḥ",[["nara","man"],["pati","lord"]]],["dṛṣṭvā","having seen"],["rūpaṃ","form, look"],["bhayāvaham","fearsome, terrifying","",[["bhaya","fear"],["āvaha","bringing"]]],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["'pi","too","api"],["bhayam","fear"],["āpannaḥ","fell into, was seized by"],["padā","with the foot"],["spṛṣṭveva","as if having touched","spṛṣṭvā iva"],["pannagam","a snake"]]},{"v":5,"ref":"2.016.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"indriyair aprahṛṣṭais taṃ śokasaṃtāpakarśitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"niḥśvasantaṃ mahārājaṃ vyathitākulacetasaṃ","q":null}],"tr":"Him, with joyless senses, wasted by grief and anguish, the great king sighing, his mind agitated and distraught—","w":[["indriyair","with his senses","indriyaiḥ"],["aprahṛṣṭais","joyless, cheerless","aprahṛṣṭaiḥ",[["a-","not"],["prahṛṣṭa","delighted"]]],["taṃ","him"],["śokasaṃtāpakarśitam","wasted by grief and burning sorrow","",[["śoka","grief"],["saṃtāpa","burning, anguish"],["karśita","emaciated, wasted"]]],["niḥśvasantaṃ","sighing"],["mahārājaṃ","the great king","",[["mahā","great"],["rāja","king"]]],["vyathitākulacetasaṃ","his mind afflicted and agitated","vyathita-ākula-cetasaṃ",[["vyathita","afflicted"],["ākula","agitated"],["cetas","mind"]]]]},{"v":6,"ref":"2.016.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ūrmi mālinam akṣobhyaṃ kṣubhyantam iva sāgaram","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"upaplutam ivādityam uktānṛtam ṛṣiṃ yathā","q":null}],"tr":"—like the imperturbable ocean, wreathed with waves, grown turbulent; like the sun in eclipse; like a seer who has uttered a falsehood—","w":[["ūrmi mālinam","wreathed with waves","",[["ūrmi","wave"],["mālin","garlanded, wreathed"]]],["akṣobhyaṃ","imperturbable, unshakable","",[["a-","not"],["kṣobhya","to be shaken"]]],["kṣubhyantam","growing turbulent, agitated"],["iva","like"],["sāgaram","the ocean"],["upaplutam","eclipsed, overwhelmed"],["ivādityam","like the sun","iva ādityam"],["uktānṛtam","who has spoken untruth","ukta-anṛtam",[["ukta","spoken"],["anṛta","falsehood"]]],["ṛṣiṃ","a seer"],["yathā","like"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"2.016.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"acintyakalpaṃ hi pitus taṃ śokam upadhārayan","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"babhūva saṃrabdhataraḥ samudra iva parvaṇi","q":null}],"tr":"—perceiving that almost inconceivable grief of his father, he grew more agitated, like the sea at the turn of the moon.","w":[["acintyakalpaṃ","almost inconceivable","",[["acintya","unthinkable"],["kalpa","approaching, -like"]]],["hi","indeed"],["pitus","of his father","pituḥ"],["taṃ","that"],["śokam","grief"],["upadhārayan","perceiving, considering"],["babhūva","became"],["saṃrabdhataraḥ","more agitated, perturbed","",[["saṃrabdha","agitated, excited"],["-tara","comparative"]]],["samudra","the sea","samudraḥ"],["iva","like"],["parvaṇi","at the turn (new/full moon) of the month"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"2.016.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"cintayām āsa ca tadā rāmaḥ pitṛhite rataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kiṃsvid adyaiva nṛpatir na māṃ pratyabhinandati","q":null}],"tr":"And Rāma, intent on his father's welfare, then wondered: “Why is it that the king does not greet me this day?”","w":[["cintayām āsa","pondered, thought"],["ca","and"],["tadā","then"],["rāmaḥ","Rāma"],["pitṛhite","in his father's welfare","",[["pitṛ","father"],["hita","welfare, good"]]],["rataḥ","intent, devoted"],["kiṃsvid","why, what indeed"],["adyaiva","this very day","adya eva"],["nṛpatir","the king","nṛpatiḥ"],["na","not"],["māṃ","me"],["pratyabhinandati","greets, welcomes"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"2.016.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"anyadā māṃ pitā dṛṣṭvā kupito 'pi prasīdati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tasya mām adya saṃprekṣya kimāyāsaḥ pravartate","q":null}],"tr":"“At other times my father, even when angry, grows calm on seeing me; why then today does distress arise in him at the sight of me?”","w":[["anyadā","at other times"],["māṃ","me"],["pitā","father"],["dṛṣṭvā","having seen"],["kupito","angry","kupitaḥ"],["'pi","even","api"],["prasīdati","grows calm, is pleased"],["tasya","of him, his"],["mām","me"],["adya","today"],["saṃprekṣya","having looked upon"],["kimāyāsaḥ","what distress","kim āyāsaḥ"],["pravartate","arises, comes forth"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"2.016.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa dīna iva śokārto viṣaṇṇavadanadyutiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaikeyīm abhivādyaiva rāmo vacanam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Wretched, as it were, and stricken with grief, the light of his face dimmed, Rāma, saluting Kaikeyī, spoke these words:","w":[["sa","he"],["dīna","wretched","dīnaḥ"],["iva","as it were"],["śokārto","stricken with grief","śokārtaḥ",[["śoka","grief"],["ārta","stricken, distressed"]]],["viṣaṇṇavadanadyutiḥ","the radiance of his face dejected","",[["viṣaṇṇa","dejected"],["vadana","face"],["dyuti","radiance"]]],["kaikeyīm","Kaikeyī"],["abhivādyaiva","having just saluted","abhivādya eva"],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["vacanam","the words"],["abravīt","spoke"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"2.016.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin mayā nāparādham ajñānād yena me pitā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kupitas tan mamācakṣva tvaṃ caivainaṃ prasādaya","q":null}],"tr":"“I hope I have not, in ignorance, committed some offence for which my father is angry; tell me of it, and do you appease him.”","w":[["kaccin","surely (not), I hope"],["mayā","by me"],["nāparādham","no offence","na aparādham"],["ajñānād","out of ignorance","ajñānāt"],["yena","by which"],["me","my"],["pitā","father"],["kupitas","is angered","kupitaḥ"],["tan","that","tat"],["mamācakṣva","tell me","mama ācakṣva"],["tvaṃ","you"],["caivainaṃ","and him","ca eva enaṃ"],["prasādaya","appease, propitiate"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"2.016.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vivarṇavadano dīno na hi mām abhibhāṣate","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śārīro mānaso vāpi kaccid enaṃ na bādhate","q":null},{"p":"e","t":"saṃtāpo vābhitāpo vā durlabhaṃ hi sadā sukham","q":null}],"tr":"“With face discoloured and dejected, he does not speak to me. I hope no affliction, of body or of mind—no torment, no fever—distresses him, for happiness is ever hard to keep.”","w":[["vivarṇavadano","with discoloured face","vivarṇavadanaḥ",[["vivarṇa","colourless, pale"],["vadana","face"]]],["dīno","dejected","dīnaḥ"],["na","not"],["hi","indeed"],["mām","to me"],["abhibhāṣate","speaks"],["śārīro","bodily","śārīraḥ"],["mānaso","mental","mānasaḥ"],["vāpi","or","vā api"],["kaccid","I hope (not)"],["enaṃ","him"],["na","not"],["bādhate","afflicts, distresses"],["saṃtāpo","torment, anguish","saṃtāpaḥ"],["vābhitāpo","or fever, burning","vā abhitāpaḥ"],["vā","or"],["durlabhaṃ","hard to obtain, hard to keep","",[["dur-","hard"],["labha","obtaining"]]],["hi","for"],["sadā","always"],["sukham","happiness"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"2.016.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccin na kiṃ cid bharate kumāre priyadarśane","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śatrughne vā mahāsattve mātṝṇāṃ vā mamāśubham","q":null}],"tr":"“I hope no misfortune of mine has befallen prince Bharata, fair to behold, or the mighty Śatrughna, or any of my mothers.”","w":[["kaccin","I hope (not)"],["na","not"],["kiṃ cid","anything"],["bharate","concerning Bharata","bharate (loc.)"],["kumāre","the prince","kumāre (loc.)"],["priyadarśane","fair to behold","",[["priya","dear, pleasing"],["darśana","sight, appearance"]]],["śatrughne","concerning Śatrughna","śatrughne (loc.)"],["vā","or"],["mahāsattve","of great strength","",[["mahā","great"],["sattva","strength, being"]]],["mātṝṇāṃ","of the mothers"],["vā","or"],["mamāśubham","any misfortune of mine","mama aśubham"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"2.016.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"atoṣayan mahārājam akurvan vā pitur vacaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"muhūrtam api neccheyaṃ jīvituṃ kupite nṛpe","q":null}],"tr":"“Failing to please the great king, or failing to do my father's bidding, I would not wish to live even a moment while the king is angry.”","w":[["atoṣayan","not pleasing, failing to satisfy","",[["a-","not"],["toṣayat","pleasing"]]],["mahārājam","the great 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ātmanaḥ"],["kathaṃ","how"],["tasmin","toward him","tasmin (loc.)"],["na","not"],["varteta","would act, conduct himself"],["pratyakṣe","visible, present","pratyakṣe (loc.)"],["sati","being","sati (loc.)"],["daivate","the deity","daivate (loc.)"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"2.016.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaccit te paruṣaṃ kiṃ cid abhimānāt pitā mama","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ukto bhavatyā kopena yatrāsya lulitaṃ manaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“Surely my father was not, out of pride and anger, addressed by you with some harsh word, whereby his mind has been so shaken?”","w":[["kaccit","surely (not)"],["te","by you"],["paruṣaṃ","harsh"],["kiṃ cid","something"],["abhimānāt","out of pride, self-regard","",[["abhi-","towards"],["māna","pride, esteem"]]],["pitā","father"],["mama","my"],["ukto","addressed, spoken to","uktaḥ"],["bhavatyā","by you (madam)"],["kopena","in anger"],["yatrāsya","whereby his","yatra asya"],["lulitaṃ","agitated, shaken"],["manaḥ","mind"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"2.016.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"etad ācakṣva me devi tattvena paripṛcchataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kiṃnimittam apūrvo 'yaṃ vikāro manujādhipe","q":null}],"tr":"“Tell me this truly, O queen, for I ask you: what is the cause of this unprecedented change in the lord of men?”","w":[["etad","this"],["ācakṣva","tell"],["me","to me"],["devi","O queen"],["tattvena","truly, in truth"],["paripṛcchataḥ","(to me) who ask"],["kiṃnimittam","for what cause","kim nimittam",[["kim","what"],["nimitta","cause"]]],["apūrvo","unprecedented","apūrvaḥ"],["'yaṃ","this","ayaṃ"],["vikāro","change, alteration","vikāraḥ"],["manujādhipe","in the lord of men","manujādhipe (loc.)",[["manuja","man"],["adhipa","lord"]]]]},{"v":18,"ref":"2.016.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ahaṃ hi vacanād rājñaḥ pateyam api pāvake","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bhakṣayeyaṃ viṣaṃ tīkṣṇaṃ majjeyam api cārṇave","q":null},{"p":"e","t":"niyukto guruṇā pitrā nṛpeṇa ca hitena ca","q":null}],"tr":"“At the king's word I would leap even into fire, would swallow sharp poison, would drown myself in the ocean, if so directed by my father—my guru, my king, and my well-wisher.”","w":[["ahaṃ","I"],["hi","indeed"],["vacanād","at the word","vacanāt"],["rājñaḥ","of the king"],["pateyam","I would fall, leap"],["api","even"],["pāvake","into fire","pāvake (loc.)"],["bhakṣayeyaṃ","I would eat, swallow"],["viṣaṃ","poison"],["tīkṣṇaṃ","sharp, virulent"],["majjeyam","I would drown, sink"],["api","even"],["cārṇave","and in the ocean","ca arṇave"],["niyukto","directed, commanded","niyuktaḥ"],["guruṇā","by my guru"],["pitrā","by my father"],["nṛpeṇa","by the king"],["ca","and"],["hitena","by my well-wisher"],["ca","and"]]},{"v":19,"ref":"2.016.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad brūhi vacanaṃ devi rājño yad abhikāṅkṣitam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kariṣye pratijāne ca rāmo dvir nābhibhāṣate","q":null}],"tr":"“So tell me the word, O queen—whatever the king desires; I shall do it, I promise: Rāma does not speak twice.”","w":[["tad","therefore"],["brūhi","tell, speak"],["vacanaṃ","the word"],["devi","O queen"],["rājño","of the king","rājñaḥ"],["yad","which","yat"],["abhikāṅkṣitam","is desired"],["kariṣye","I shall do"],["pratijāne","I promise"],["ca","and"],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["dvir","twice","dviḥ"],["nābhibhāṣate","does not speak","na abhibhāṣate"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"2.016.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tam ārjavasamāyuktam anāryā satyavādinam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"uvāca rāmaṃ kaikeyī vacanaṃ bhṛśadāruṇam","q":null}],"tr":"To that Rāma, upright and truthful, the ignoble Kaikeyī spoke a most cruel word:","w":[["tam","him"],["ārjavasamāyuktam","endowed with rectitude","",[["ārjava","uprightness, straightness"],["samāyukta","endowed, joined"]]],["anāryā","the ignoble woman"],["satyavādinam","truthful, truth-speaking","",[["satya","truth"],["vādin","speaking"]]],["uvāca","spoke to"],["rāmaṃ","Rāma"],["kaikeyī","Kaikeyī"],["vacanaṃ","a word"],["bhṛśadāruṇam","exceedingly cruel","",[["bhṛśa","exceedingly"],["dāruṇa","cruel, harsh"]]]]},{"v":21,"ref":"2.016.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"purā devāsure yuddhe pitrā te mama rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rakṣitena varau dattau saśalyena mahāraṇe","q":null}],"tr":"“Long ago, Rāghava, in the war of gods and demons, your father, guarded by me though wounded with darts in that great battle, granted me two boons.","w":[["purā","long ago"],["devāsure","in the (war) of gods and demons","",[["deva","god"],["asura","demon"]]],["yuddhe","in the war"],["pitrā","by your father"],["te","your"],["mama","by me"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["rakṣitena","(he being) protected"],["varau","two boons"],["dattau","were given"],["saśalyena","wounded with darts","sa-śalyena",[["sa-","with"],["śalya","dart, splinter"]]],["mahāraṇe","in the great battle","",[["mahā","great"],["raṇa","battle"]]]]},{"v":22,"ref":"2.016.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tatra me yācito rājā bharatasyābhiṣecanam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gamanaṃ daṇḍakāraṇye tava cādyaiva rāghava","q":null}],"tr":"“Thereupon the king was asked by me for the consecration of Bharata, and for your departure this very day to the Daṇḍaka forest, O Rāghava.","w":[["tatra","thereupon, there"],["me","by me"],["yācito","was asked","yācitaḥ"],["rājā","the king"],["bharatasyābhiṣecanam","for the consecration of Bharata","bharatasya abhiṣecanam",[["bharata","Bharata"],["abhiṣecana","consecration"]]],["gamanaṃ","departure, going"],["daṇḍakāraṇye","to the Daṇḍaka forest","daṇḍakāraṇye (loc.)",[["daṇḍaka","Daṇḍaka"],["araṇya","forest"]]],["tava","your"],["cādyaiva","and this very day","ca adya eva"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"]]},{"v":23,"ref":"2.016.023","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yadi satyapratijñaṃ tvaṃ pitaraṃ kartum icchasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ātmānaṃ ca narareṣṭha mama vākyam idaṃ śṛṇu","q":null}],"tr":"“If you wish to make your father true to his promise, and yourself too, O best of men, then hear this word of mine.","w":[["yadi","if"],["satyapratijñaṃ","true to his promise","",[["satya","true"],["pratijñā","promise, vow"]]],["tvaṃ","you"],["pitaraṃ","your father"],["kartum","to make"],["icchasi","you wish"],["ātmānaṃ","yourself"],["ca","and"],["narareṣṭha","O best of men","",[["nara","man"],["śreṣṭha","best"]]],["mama","my"],["vākyam","word"],["idaṃ","this"],["śṛṇu","hear"]]},{"v":24,"ref":"2.016.024","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa nideśe pitus tiṣṭha yathā tena pratiśrutam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tvayāraṇyaṃ praveṣṭavyaṃ nava varṣāṇi pañca ca","q":null}],"tr":"“Abide by your father's command, as was promised by him: the forest must be entered by you for nine years and five,","w":[["sa","you (as such)"],["nideśe","in the command","nideśe (loc.)"],["pitus","of your father","pituḥ"],["tiṣṭha","stand, abide"],["yathā","as"],["tena","by him"],["pratiśrutam","was promised"],["tvayāraṇyaṃ","the forest by you","tvayā araṇyaṃ"],["praveṣṭavyaṃ","is to be entered"],["nava","nine"],["varṣāṇi","years"],["pañca","five"],["ca","and"]]},{"v":25,"ref":"2.016.025","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sapta sapta ca varṣāṇi daṇḍakāraṇyam āśritaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"abhiṣekam imaṃ tyaktvā jaṭācīradharo vasa","q":null}],"tr":"“for seven and seven years dwelling in the Daṇḍaka forest; renouncing this consecration, live wearing matted hair and bark.","w":[["sapta","seven"],["sapta","seven"],["ca","and"],["varṣāṇi","years"],["daṇḍakāraṇyam","the Daṇḍaka forest","",[["daṇḍaka","Daṇḍaka"],["araṇya","forest"]]],["āśritaḥ","resorting to, dwelling in"],["abhiṣekam","the consecration"],["imaṃ","this"],["tyaktvā","having renounced"],["jaṭācīradharo","wearing matted hair and bark","jaṭācīradharaḥ",[["jaṭā","matted hair"],["cīra","bark garment"],["dhara","wearing"]]],["vasa","dwell, live"]]},{"v":26,"ref":"2.016.026","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bharataḥ kosalapure praśāstu vasudhām imām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nānāratnasamākīrṇaṃ savājirathakuñjarām","q":null}],"tr":"“Let Bharata in the Kosala city rule this earth, strewn with jewels of every kind, with its horses, chariots, and elephants.","w":[["bharataḥ","Bharata"],["kosalapure","in the Kosala city","kosalapure (loc.)",[["kosala","Kosala"],["pura","city"]]],["praśāstu","let him rule"],["vasudhām","the earth"],["imām","this"],["nānāratnasamākīrṇaṃ","strewn with jewels of every kind","",[["nānā","various"],["ratna","jewel"],["samākīrṇa","strewn, filled"]]],["savājirathakuñjarām","with horses, chariots, and elephants","",[["sa-","with"],["vāji","horse"],["ratha","chariot"],["kuñjara","elephant"]]]]},{"v":27,"ref":"2.016.027","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad apriyam amitraghno vacanaṃ maraṇopamam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śrutvā na vivyathe rāmaḥ kaikeyīṃ cedam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Hearing that unwelcome speech, like unto death, Rāma the slayer of foes was not shaken, and said this to Kaikeyī:","w":[["tad","that"],["apriyam","unwelcome, unpleasant"],["amitraghno","slayer of foes","amitraghnaḥ",[["amitra","enemy"],["ghna","slaying"]]],["vacanaṃ","speech"],["maraṇopamam","like unto death","",[["maraṇa","death"],["upama","like"]]],["śrutvā","having heard"],["na","not"],["vivyathe","was shaken, was agitated"],["rāmaḥ","Rāma"],["kaikeyīṃ","to Kaikeyī"],["cedam","and this","ca idam"],["abravīt","said"]]},{"v":28,"ref":"2.016.028","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evam astu gamiṣyāmi vanaṃ vastum ahaṃ tv ataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"jaṭācīradharo rājñaḥ pratijñām anupālayan","q":null}],"tr":"“So be it; I shall go hence to dwell in the forest, wearing matted hair and bark, upholding the king's promise.","w":[["evam","so"],["astu","let it be"],["gamiṣyāmi","I shall go"],["vanaṃ","to the forest"],["vastum","to dwell"],["ahaṃ","I"],["tv","indeed","tu"],["ataḥ","hence, from here"],["jaṭācīradharo","wearing matted hair and bark","jaṭācīradharaḥ",[["jaṭā","matted hair"],["cīra","bark garment"],["dhara","wearing"]]],["rājñaḥ","of the king"],["pratijñām","the promise"],["anupālayan","upholding"]]},{"v":29,"ref":"2.016.029","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"idaṃ tu jñātum icchāmi kimarthaṃ māṃ mahīpatiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nābhinandati durdharṣo yathāpuram ariṃdamaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“But this I wish to know: why does the lord of earth, unassailable, tamer of foes, not greet me as before?”","w":[["idaṃ","this"],["tu","but"],["jñātum","to know"],["icchāmi","I wish"],["kimarthaṃ","for what reason, why","kim arthaṃ",[["kim","what"],["artha","purpose"]]],["māṃ","me"],["mahīpatiḥ","the lord of earth","",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]],["nābhinandati","does not greet","na abhinandati"],["durdharṣo","unassailable","durdharṣaḥ",[["dur-","hard"],["dharṣa","to be assailed"]]],["yathāpuram","as before","yathā puram"],["ariṃdamaḥ","tamer of foes","",[["ari","foe"],["dama","taming"]]]]},{"v":30,"ref":"2.016.030","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"manyur na ca tvayā kāryo devi brūhi tavāgrataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yāsyāmi bhava suprītā vanaṃ cīrajaṭādharaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“You need feel no anger, O queen; declare it in your presence: I shall go—be well pleased—to the forest, wearing bark and matted hair.”","w":[["manyur","anger","manyuḥ"],["na","not"],["ca","and"],["tvayā","by you"],["kāryo","to be felt, to be made","kāryaḥ"],["devi","O queen"],["brūhi","declare, tell"],["tavāgrataḥ","in your presence","tava agrataḥ"],["yāsyāmi","I shall go"],["bhava","be"],["suprītā","well pleased","",[["su-","well"],["prīta","pleased"]]],["vanaṃ","to the forest"],["cīrajaṭādharaḥ","wearing bark and matted hair","",[["cīra","bark garment"],["jaṭā","matted hair"],["dhara","wearing"]]]]},{"v":31,"ref":"2.016.031","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"hitena guruṇā pitrā kṛtajñena nṛpeṇa ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"niyujyamāno viśrabdhaṃ kiṃ na kuryād ahaṃ priyam","q":null}],"tr":"“Being commanded, without misgiving, by my well-wisher, my guru, my father, a grateful king—what pleasing thing would I not do?”","w":[["hitena","by my 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consecration","bharatasya abhiṣecanam",[["bharata","Bharata"],["abhiṣecana","consecration"]]]]},{"v":33,"ref":"2.016.033","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ahaṃ hi sītāṃ rājyaṃ ca prāṇān iṣṭān dhanāni ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hṛṣṭo bhrātre svayaṃ dadyāṃ bharatāyāpracoditaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“For gladly, and unprompted, would I of my own accord give to my brother Bharata—Sītā, the kingdom, my cherished life, and my wealth.","w":[["ahaṃ","I"],["hi","for"],["sītāṃ","Sītā"],["rājyaṃ","the kingdom"],["ca","and"],["prāṇān","my life, breath"],["iṣṭān","cherished, dear"],["dhanāni","wealth"],["ca","and"],["hṛṣṭo","gladly, delighted","hṛṣṭaḥ"],["bhrātre","to my brother"],["svayaṃ","of my own accord"],["dadyāṃ","I would give"],["bharatāyāpracoditaḥ","to Bharata, unprompted","bharatāya apracoditaḥ",[["bharata","Bharata"],["a-","not"],["pracodita","urged, prompted"]]]]},{"v":34,"ref":"2.016.034","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kiṃ punar manujendreṇa svayaṃ pitrā pracoditaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tava ca 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house","mātulakulāt",[["mātula","maternal uncle"],["kula","house, family"]]],["adyaiva","this very day","adya eva"],["nṛpaśāsanāt","by the king's command","",[["nṛpa","king"],["śāsana","command"]]]]},{"v":37,"ref":"2.016.037","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"daṇḍakāraṇyam eṣo 'ham ito gacchāmi satvaraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"avicārya pitur vākyaṃ samāvastuṃ caturdaśa","q":null}],"tr":"“Here I go hence in haste to the Daṇḍaka forest, to dwell there fourteen years, without questioning my father's word.”","w":[["daṇḍakāraṇyam","to the Daṇḍaka forest","",[["daṇḍaka","Daṇḍaka"],["araṇya","forest"]]],["eṣo","here","eṣaḥ"],["'ham","I","aham"],["ito","from here","itaḥ"],["gacchāmi","I go"],["satvaraḥ","in haste","",[["sa-","with"],["tvarā","haste"]]],["avicārya","without questioning, unhesitatingly"],["pitur","my father's","pituḥ"],["vākyaṃ","word"],["samāvastuṃ","to dwell (there)"],["caturdaśa","fourteen","",[["catur","four"],["daśa","ten"]]]]},{"v":38,"ref":"2.016.038","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā hṛṣṭā tasya tadvākyaṃ śrutvā rāmasya kaikayī","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prasthānaṃ śraddadhānā hi tvarayām āsa rāghavam","q":null}],"tr":"Kaikeyī, delighted to hear those words of Rāma, and trusting in his departure, urged Rāghava on.","w":[["sā","she"],["hṛṣṭā","delighted"],["tasya","his"],["tadvākyaṃ","that word","tat vākyaṃ"],["śrutvā","having heard"],["rāmasya","of Rāma"],["kaikayī","Kaikeyī"],["prasthānaṃ","departure, setting out"],["śraddadhānā","trusting, confident"],["hi","indeed"],["tvarayām āsa","urged on, hastened"],["rāghavam","Rāghava"]]},{"v":39,"ref":"2.016.039","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evaṃ bhavatu yāsyanti dūtāḥ śīghrajavair hayaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"bharataṃ mātulakulād upāvartayituṃ narāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“So be it; men shall go as messengers on swift-paced horses to bring Bharata back from his uncle's house.”","w":[["evaṃ","so"],["bhavatu","let it be"],["yāsyanti","will go"],["dūtāḥ","as messengers"],["śīghrajavair","of swift 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Woe!” Sighing thus, the king, overwhelmed with grief and swooning, fell upon that gold-adorned couch.","w":[["dhik","fie, alas"],["kaṣṭam","woe, misery"],["iti","thus"],["niḥśvasya","having sighed"],["rājā","the king"],["śokapariplutaḥ","overwhelmed with grief","",[["śoka","grief"],["paripluta","flooded, overwhelmed"]]],["mūrchito","swooning, fainting","mūrchitaḥ"],["nyapatat","fell down"],["tasmin","on that"],["paryaṅke","couch, bed"],["hemabhūṣite","gold-adorned","",[["hema","gold"],["bhūṣita","adorned"]]]]},{"v":44,"ref":"2.016.044","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rāmo 'py utthāpya rājānaṃ kaikeyyābhipracoditaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaśayevāhato vājī vanaṃ gantuṃ kṛtatvaraḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Rāma too, raising up the king and urged on by Kaikeyī, made haste to go to the forest, like a horse struck by the whip.","w":[["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["'py","too","api"],["utthāpya","having raised up"],["rājānaṃ","the king"],["kaikeyyābhipracoditaḥ","urged on by Kaikeyī","kaikeyyā 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word"],["abravīt","said"]]},{"v":46,"ref":"2.016.046","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"nāham arthaparo devi lokam āvastum utsahe","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"viddhi mām ṛṣibhis tulyaṃ kevalaṃ dharmam āsthitam","q":null}],"tr":"“I am not devoted to gain, O queen, that I should care to live for the world; know me to be, like the seers, wholly devoted to dharma.","w":[["nāham","I am not","na aham"],["arthaparo","devoted to gain","arthaparaḥ",[["artha","wealth, gain"],["para","intent on"]]],["devi","O queen"],["lokam","the world"],["āvastum","to dwell in, to win"],["utsahe","I am eager, I venture"],["viddhi","know"],["mām","me"],["ṛṣibhis","with the seers","ṛṣibhiḥ"],["tulyaṃ","equal, alike"],["kevalaṃ","solely, wholly"],["dharmam","to dharma"],["āsthitam","devoted to, established in"]]},{"v":47,"ref":"2.016.047","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yad atrabhavataḥ kiṃ cic chakyaṃ kartuṃ priyaṃ mayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prāṇān api parityajya sarvathā kṛtam eva tat","q":null}],"tr":"“Whatever pleasing thing can be done by me for his honoured self—that, even at the cost of my life, is by all means as good as done.","w":[["yad","whatever","yat"],["atrabhavataḥ","of his honoured self","",[["atra","here"],["bhavat","your/his honour"]]],["kiṃ cic","some","kiṃ cit"],["chakyaṃ","can be, is possible","śakyaṃ"],["kartuṃ","to do"],["priyaṃ","pleasing thing"],["mayā","by me"],["prāṇān","life"],["api","even"],["parityajya","having given up"],["sarvathā","by all means, wholly"],["kṛtam","done"],["eva","indeed"],["tat","that"]]},{"v":48,"ref":"2.016.048","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na hy ato dharmacaraṇaṃ kiṃ cid asti mahattaram","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yathā pitari śuśrūṣā tasya vā vacanakriyā","q":null}],"tr":"“For there is no practice of dharma greater than this—service to one's father, or the carrying out of his word.","w":[["na","not"],["hy","for","hi"],["ato","than this","ataḥ"],["dharmacaraṇaṃ","practice of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["caraṇa","practice, conduct"]]],["kiṃ cid","any","kiṃ cit"],["asti","is, exists"],["mahattaram","greater","",[["mahat","great"],["-tara","comparative"]]],["yathā","as, namely"],["pitari","toward the father","pitari (loc.)"],["śuśrūṣā","service, obedience"],["tasya","his"],["vā","or"],["vacanakriyā","the carrying out of his word","",[["vacana","word"],["kriyā","act, performance"]]]]},{"v":49,"ref":"2.016.049","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"anukto 'py atrabhavatā bhavatyā vacanād aham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vane vatsyāmi vijane varṣāṇīha caturdaśa","q":null}],"tr":"“Even unbidden by his honoured self, at your word, madam, I shall dwell in the lonely forest here for fourteen years.”","w":[["anukto","unbidden, not told","anuktaḥ",[["an-","not"],["ukta","told"]]],["'py","even","api"],["atrabhavatā","by his honoured self","",[["atra","here"],["bhavat","your/his honour"]]],["bhavatyā","by you (madam)"],["vacanād","at the word","vacanāt"],["aham","I"],["vane","in the forest"],["vatsyāmi","I shall dwell"],["vijane","solitary, 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aham","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tato 'dyaiva gamiṣyāmi daṇḍakānāṃ mahad vanam","q":null}],"tr":"“As soon as I have taken leave of my mother and reconciled Sītā, I shall this very day go to the great forest of the Daṇḍakas.”","w":[["yāvan","as soon as, until","yāvat"],["mātaram","my mother"],["āpṛcche","I take leave of, ask"],["sītāṃ","Sītā"],["cānunayāmy","and I conciliate","ca anunayāmi"],["aham","I"],["tato","then","tataḥ"],["'dyaiva","this very day","adya eva"],["gamiṣyāmi","I shall go"],["daṇḍakānāṃ","of the Daṇḍakas"],["mahad","great","mahat"],["vanam","forest"]]},{"v":52,"ref":"2.016.052","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bharataḥ pālayed rājyaṃ śuśrūṣec ca pitur yathā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tahā bhavatyā kartavyaṃ sa hi dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“You must see to it, madam, that Bharata rules the kingdom and serves our father, for that is the eternal law.”","w":[["bharataḥ","Bharata"],["pālayed","should rule, protect","pālayet"],["rājyaṃ","the kingdom"],["śuśrūṣec","should 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cry"]]]]},{"v":54,"ref":"2.016.054","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vanditvā caraṇau rāmo visaṃjñasya pitus tadā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kaikeyyāś cāpy anāryāyā niṣpapāta mahādyutiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having bowed to the feet of his swooning father, and of the ignoble Kaikeyī too, Rāma of great splendour then went forth.","w":[["vanditvā","having bowed to"],["caraṇau","the feet"],["rāmo","Rāma","rāmaḥ"],["visaṃjñasya","of the unconscious one","",[["vi-","away"],["saṃjñā","consciousness"]]],["pitus","of his father","pituḥ"],["tadā","then"],["kaikeyyāś","of Kaikeyī","kaikeyyāḥ"],["cāpy","and also","ca api"],["anāryāyā","the ignoble","anāryāyāḥ"],["niṣpapāta","went forth, departed"],["mahādyutiḥ","of great splendour","",[["mahā","great"],["dyuti","splendour"]]]]},{"v":55,"ref":"2.016.055","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa rāmaḥ pitaraṃ kṛtvā kaikeyīṃ ca pradakṣiṇam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"niṣkramyāntaḥpurāt tasmāt svaṃ dadarśa suhṛjjanam","q":null}],"tr":"Rāma, having circled his father and Kaikeyī to the right, came out from those inner apartments and saw his own group of friends.","w":[["sa","he"],["rāmaḥ","Rāma"],["pitaraṃ","his father"],["kṛtvā","having made"],["kaikeyīṃ","Kaikeyī"],["ca","and"],["pradakṣiṇam","circumambulation to the right","",[["pra-","forth"],["dakṣiṇa","to the right"]]],["niṣkramyāntaḥpurāt","coming out from the inner apartments","niṣkramya antaḥpurāt"],["tasmāt","those"],["svaṃ","his own"],["dadarśa","saw"],["suhṛjjanam","group of friends","",[["suhṛd","friend"],["jana","people"]]]]},{"v":56,"ref":"2.016.056","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"taṃ bāṣpaparipūrṇākṣaḥ pṛṣṭhato 'nujagāma ha","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"lakṣmaṇaḥ paramakruddhaḥ sumitrānandavardhanaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Lakṣmaṇa, his eyes filled with tears, exceedingly angry, the increaser of Sumitrā's joy, followed him from behind.","w":[["taṃ","him"],["bāṣpaparipūrṇākṣaḥ","his eyes filled with tears","bāṣpa-paripūrṇa-akṣaḥ",[["bāṣpa","tear"],["paripūrṇa","filled"],["akṣa","eye"]]],["pṛṣṭhato","from 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duḥkham indriyāṇi nigṛhya ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"praviveśātmavān veśma māturapriyaśaṃsivān","q":null}],"tr":"Bearing his sorrow with his mind and restraining his senses, the self-possessed one entered his mother's dwelling, to tell her the unwelcome news.","w":[["dhārayan","bearing, holding"],["manasā","with the mind"],["duḥkham","sorrow"],["indriyāṇi","the senses"],["nigṛhya","having restrained"],["ca","and"],["praviveśātmavān","the self-possessed one entered","praviveśa ātmavān"],["veśma","the dwelling"],["māturapriyaśaṃsivān","about to tell his mother the unwelcome news","mātuḥ apriyaśaṃsivān",[["mātṛ","mother"],["apriya","unwelcome"],["śaṃsin","about to tell"]]]]},{"v":61,"ref":"2.016.061","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"praviśya veśmātibhṛśaṃ mudānvitaṃ samīkṣya tāṃ cārthavipattim āgatām","q":["praviśya veśmātibhṛśaṃ mudānvitaṃ","samīkṣya tāṃ cārthavipattim āgatām"]},{"p":"c","t":"na caiva rāmo 'tra jagāma vikriyāṃ suhṛjjanasyātmavipattiśaṅkayā","q":["na caiva rāmo 'tra jagāma 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