{"kanda":1,"kandaName":"Bāla Kāṇḍa","sarga":7,"title":"The ministers who sustain the Kingdom","sentence":"Ministers and priests advise Daśaratha, gather intelligence, maintain the treasury and army, and administer justice without favour","portion":"Descriptions of Ayodhyā","sequence":[[{"steps":["Daśaratha has eight trusted ministers: Dhṛṣṭi, Jayanta, Vijaya, Siddhārtha, Arthasādhaka, Aśoka, Mantrapāla, and Sumantra","Vasiṣṭha and Vāmadeva serve as his purohitas (royal priests), alongside other advisers (7.1–3)"],"from":1,"to":3,"sarga":7},{"steps":["the narrator describes their learning, courage, restraint, honesty, and attention to duty (7.4–5)"],"from":4,"to":5,"sarga":7},{"steps":["their spies keep them informed of completed, current, and intended actions among their own people and their enemies (7.6)"],"from":6,"to":6,"sarga":7},{"steps":["they punish wrongdoing even in their own sons but will not harm an enemy who has committed no offense","they maintain the treasury and army while weighing circumstances before imposing punishment (7.7–10)"],"from":7,"to":10,"sarga":7},{"steps":["their cooperation, vigilance, and judgment support the Kingdom's peace and win respect abroad (7.11–14)"],"from":11,"to":14,"sarga":7},{"steps":["with their counsel and intelligence, Daśaratha protects and pleases his subjects and has no rival equal to him (7.15–17)."],"from":15,"to":17,"sarga":7}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"1.007.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"aṣṭau babhūvur vīrasya tasyāmātyā yaśasvinaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śucayaś cānuraktāś ca rājakṛtyeṣu nityaśaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"That renowned hero had eight ministers, honest and devoted, constantly (engaged) in the affairs of the king.","w":[["aṣṭau","eight"],["babhūvur","there were","babhūvuḥ"],["vīrasya","of the hero"],["tasyāmātyā","his ministers","tasya amātyāḥ"],["yaśasvinaḥ","renowned, illustrious"],["śucayaś","honest, pure","śucayaḥ"],["cānuraktāś","and devoted","ca anuraktāḥ"],["ca","and"],["rājakṛtyeṣu","in royal affairs","",[["rājan","king"],["kṛtya","affair, task, duty"]]],["nityaśaḥ","constantly, always"]]},{"v":2,"ref":"1.007.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dhṛṣṭir jayanto vijayaḥ siddhārtho arthasādhakaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"aśoko mantrapālaś ca sumantraś cāṣṭamo 'bhavat","q":null}],"tr":"Dhṛṣṭi, Jayanta, Vijaya, Siddhārtha, and Arthasādhaka; Aśoka and Mantrapāla, and Sumantra was the eighth.","w":[["dhṛṣṭir","Dhṛṣṭi (a minister)","dhṛṣṭiḥ"],["jayanto","Jayanta","jayantaḥ"],["vijayaḥ","Vijaya"],["siddhārtho","Siddhārtha","siddhārthaḥ"],["arthasādhakaḥ","Arthasādhaka (lit. 'achiever of aims')","",[["artha","aim, purpose, wealth"],["sādhaka","accomplishing, achiever"]]],["aśoko","Aśoka","aśokaḥ"],["mantrapālaś","Mantrapāla","mantrapālaḥ",[["mantra","counsel"],["pāla","guardian, keeper"]]],["ca","and"],["sumantraś","Sumantra","sumantraḥ",[["su","good"],["mantra","counsel"]]],["cāṣṭamo","and as the eighth","ca aṣṭamaḥ"],["'bhavat","was","abhavat"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"1.007.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ṛtvijau dvāv abhimatau tasyāstām ṛṣisattamau","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vasiṣṭho vāmadevaś ca mantriṇaś ca tathāpare","q":null}],"tr":"He had two esteemed officiating priests, the best of seers — Vasiṣṭha and Vāmadeva — and other counsellors as well.","w":[["ṛtvijau","two officiating priests"],["dvāv","two","dvau"],["abhimatau","esteemed, favoured (both)"],["tasyāstām","were his (two)","tasya āstām"],["ṛṣisattamau","the two best of seers","",[["ṛṣi","seer"],["sattama","best of"]]],["vasiṣṭho","Vasiṣṭha","vasiṣṭhaḥ"],["vāmadevaś","Vāmadeva","vāmadevaḥ"],["ca","and"],["mantriṇaś","counsellors","mantriṇaḥ"],["ca","and"],["tathāpare","and others too","tathā apare"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"1.007.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śrīmantaś ca mahātmānaḥ śāstrajñā dṛḍhavikramāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kīrtimantaḥ praṇihitā yathā vacanakāriṇaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Illustrious and great-souled, learned in the śāstras, of firm valour, renowned, attentive, and duly carrying out (the king's) commands,","w":[["śrīmantaś","illustrious, prosperous","śrīmantaḥ"],["ca","and"],["mahātmānaḥ","great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul, self"]]],["śāstrajñā","learned in the śāstras","śāstrajñāḥ",[["śāstra","sacred treatise, science"],["jña","knowing, knower"]]],["dṛḍhavikramāḥ","of firm valour","",[["dṛḍha","firm, steadfast"],["vikrama","valour, prowess"]]],["kīrtimantaḥ","renowned, famous","",[["kīrti","fame"],["-mat","possessing"]]],["praṇihitā","attentive, intent","praṇihitāḥ"],["yathā","duly, as is fitting"],["vacanakāriṇaḥ","carrying out (his) command","",[["vacana","word, command"],["kārin","doing, executing"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"1.007.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tejaḥkṣamāyaśaḥprāptāḥ smitapūrvābhibhāṣiṇaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"krodhāt kāmārthahetor vā na brūyur anṛtaṃ vacaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Possessed of energy, forbearance, and renown, addressing (others) with a smile, they would never utter a false word, whether out of anger or for the sake of desire or gain.","w":[["tejaḥkṣamāyaśaḥprāptāḥ","having attained energy, forbearance and fame","",[["tejas","energy, splendour"],["kṣamā","forbearance, patience"],["yaśas","fame"],["prāpta","attained, possessing"]]],["smitapūrvābhibhāṣiṇaḥ","speaking with a smile first (smiling as they speak)","",[["smita","smile"],["pūrva","preceding, first"],["abhibhāṣin","addressing, speaking"]]],["krodhāt","out of anger"],["kāmārthahetor","for the sake of desire or gain","kāmārthahetoḥ",[["kāma","desire, love"],["artha","gain, wealth"],["hetu","cause, motive"]]],["vā","or"],["na","not"],["brūyur","would they speak","brūyuḥ"],["anṛtaṃ","untrue, false","",[["an-","not"],["ṛta","true"]]],["vacaḥ","a word, speech"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"1.007.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"teṣām aviditaṃ kiṃ cit sveṣu nāsti pareṣu vā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kriyamāṇaṃ kṛtaṃ vāpi cāreṇāpi cikīrṣitam","q":null}],"tr":"There was nothing at all — being done, already done, or (merely) intended — among their own people or their enemies, that was unknown to them, thanks to their spies.","w":[["teṣām","to them"],["aviditaṃ","unknown","",[["a-","not"],["vidita","known"]]],["kiṃ cit","anything at all"],["sveṣu","among their own (people)"],["nāsti","there is not","na asti"],["pareṣu","among others (enemies)"],["vā","or"],["kriyamāṇaṃ","being done"],["kṛtaṃ","already done"],["vāpi","or even","vā api"],["cāreṇāpi","even by means of a spy","cāreṇa api"],["cikīrṣitam","intended to be done, contemplated"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"1.007.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kuśalā vyavahāreṣu sauhṛdeṣu parīkṣitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prāptakālaṃ yathā daṇḍaṃ dhārayeyuḥ suteṣv api","q":null}],"tr":"Skilled in affairs, tried and proven in friendship, they would mete out punishment duly, when the time was right, even upon (their own) sons.","w":[["kuśalā","skilled, adept","kuśalāḥ"],["vyavahāreṣu","in affairs, transactions, legal matters"],["sauhṛdeṣu","in (bonds of) friendship"],["parīkṣitāḥ","tested, proven"],["prāptakālaṃ","when the time was right, timely","",[["prāpta","arrived, come"],["kāla","time, occasion"]]],["yathā","duly, as is fitting"],["daṇḍaṃ","punishment, the rod"],["dhārayeyuḥ","they would apply, inflict"],["suteṣv","on (their) sons","suteṣu"],["api","even"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"1.007.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kośasaṃgrahaṇe yuktā balasya ca parigrahe","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ahitaṃ cāpi puruṣaṃ na vihiṃsyur adūṣakam","q":null}],"tr":"Intent on filling the treasury and on maintaining the army, they would not injure even a hostile man if he had done no wrong.","w":[["kośasaṃgrahaṇe","in amassing the treasury","",[["kośa","treasury"],["saṃgrahaṇa","collecting, amassing"]]],["yuktā","engaged, intent","yuktāḥ"],["balasya","of the army, force"],["ca","and"],["parigrahe","in the maintenance, upkeep"],["ahitaṃ","hostile, an enemy","",[["a-","not"],["hita","friendly, well-disposed"]]],["cāpi","and even","ca api"],["puruṣaṃ","a man"],["na","not"],["vihiṃsyur","would they harm, injure","vihiṃsyuḥ"],["adūṣakam","who has done no wrong, blameless","",[["a-","not"],["dūṣaka","offending, harmful"]]]]},{"v":9,"ref":"1.007.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vīrāṃś ca niyatotsāhā rāja śāstram anuṣṭhitāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śucīnāṃ rakṣitāraś ca nityaṃ viṣayavāsinām","q":null}],"tr":"Valiant and of steadfast zeal, versed in the science of statecraft, they were ever the protectors of the honest dwellers in the realm.","w":[["vīrāṃś","valiant, heroic","vīrān"],["ca","and"],["niyatotsāhā","of steadfast zeal","niyatotsāhāḥ",[["niyata","controlled, steady"],["utsāha","zeal, energy"]]],["rāja śāstram","the science of statecraft","rājaśāstram",[["rājan","king, kingship"],["śāstra","science, treatise"]]],["anuṣṭhitāḥ","versed in, practising"],["śucīnāṃ","of the honest, pure"],["rakṣitāraś","protectors","rakṣitāraḥ"],["ca","and"],["nityaṃ","always, constantly"],["viṣayavāsinām","of the dwellers in the realm","",[["viṣaya","territory, realm"],["vāsin","dwelling, inhabitant"]]]]},{"v":10,"ref":"1.007.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"brahmakṣatram ahiṃsantas te kośaṃ samapūrayan","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sutīkṣṇadaṇḍāḥ saṃprekṣya puruṣasya balābalam","q":null}],"tr":"Without harming the brahmins and kṣatriyas, they filled the treasury; though severe in punishment, they acted only after weighing a man's strength and weakness.","w":[["brahmakṣatram","the brahmins and kṣatriyas","",[["brahman","brahmin (priestly class)"],["kṣatra","kṣatriya (warrior class)"]]],["ahiṃsantas","not harming","ahiṃsantaḥ",[["a-","not"],["hiṃsat","harming, injuring"]]],["te","they"],["kośaṃ","the treasury"],["samapūrayan","they filled up"],["sutīkṣṇadaṇḍāḥ","of very severe punishment","",[["su","very"],["tīkṣṇa","sharp, severe"],["daṇḍa","punishment"]]],["saṃprekṣya","having examined, considered"],["puruṣasya","of a man"],["balābalam","strength and weakness","bala-abalam",[["bala","strength"],["abala","weakness"]]]]},{"v":11,"ref":"1.007.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"śucīnām ekabuddhīnāṃ sarveṣāṃ saṃprajānatām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nāsīt pure vā rāṣṭre vā mṛṣāvādī naraḥ kva cit","q":null}],"tr":"Under all these (ministers), honest, of one mind, and fully discerning, there was nowhere in city or kingdom a single man who spoke falsely.","w":[["śucīnām","of the honest, pure"],["ekabuddhīnāṃ","of one mind, unanimous","",[["eka","one"],["buddhi","mind, intellect"]]],["sarveṣāṃ","of all"],["saṃprajānatām","of (those) fully discerning, wise"],["nāsīt","there was not","na āsīt"],["pure","in the city"],["vā","or"],["rāṣṭre","in the kingdom, realm"],["vā","or"],["mṛṣāvādī","a speaker of falsehood, a liar","",[["mṛṣā","falsely, in vain"],["vādin","speaking, speaker"]]],["naraḥ","a man"],["kva cit","anywhere"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"1.007.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kaś cin na duṣṭas tatrāsīt paradāraratir naraḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"praśāntaṃ sarvam evāsīd rāṣṭraṃ puravaraṃ ca tat","q":null}],"tr":"There was no wicked man there, none who lusted after another's wife; wholly at peace was that entire realm and its splendid city.","w":[["kaś cin","any (man)","kaścit"],["na","not"],["duṣṭas","wicked, corrupt","duṣṭaḥ"],["tatrāsīt","was there","tatra āsīt"],["paradāraratir","one who delights in another's wife","paradāraratiḥ",[["para","another's"],["dāra","wife"],["rati","delight, attachment"]]],["naraḥ","a man"],["praśāntaṃ","tranquil, at peace"],["sarvam","all, entire"],["evāsīd","indeed was","eva āsīt"],["rāṣṭraṃ","the realm, kingdom"],["puravaraṃ","the finest city","",[["pura","city"],["vara","best, excellent"]]],["ca","and"],["tat","that"]]},{"v":13,"ref":"1.007.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"suvāsasaḥ suveśāś ca te ca sarve suśīlinaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hitārthaṃ ca narendrasya jāgrato nayacakṣuṣā","q":null}],"tr":"Well-clothed and handsome, all of them too were of good conduct; and for the welfare of the king they kept watch with the eye of statecraft.","w":[["suvāsasaḥ","well-clothed","",[["su","good, fine"],["vāsas","garment, clothing"]]],["suveśāś","of fine appearance, well-attired","suveśāḥ",[["su","good, fine"],["veśa","dress, appearance"]]],["ca","and"],["te","they"],["ca","and, too"],["sarve","all"],["suśīlinaḥ","of good character","",[["su","good"],["śīlin","of (such) conduct, disposed"]]],["hitārthaṃ","for the welfare, benefit","",[["hita","good, benefit"],["artha","sake, purpose"]]],["ca","and"],["narendrasya","of the king","",[["nara","man"],["indra","lord, chief"]]],["jāgrato","keeping watch, vigilant","jāgrataḥ"],["nayacakṣuṣā","with the eye of statecraft","",[["naya","policy, statesmanship"],["cakṣus","eye"]]]]},{"v":14,"ref":"1.007.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gurau guṇagṛhītāś ca prakhyātāś ca parākramaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"videśeṣv api vijñātāḥ sarvato buddhiniścayāt","q":null}],"tr":"Devoted to their preceptor and esteemed for their virtues, renowned for their feats of valour, they were known even in foreign lands, on every side, for the firmness of their judgement.","w":[["gurau","toward the preceptor, elder"],["guṇagṛhītāś","won over / held fast by (their) virtues","guṇagṛhītāḥ",[["guṇa","virtue, merit"],["gṛhīta","seized, won over, held"]]],["ca","and"],["prakhyātāś","renowned, celebrated","prakhyātāḥ"],["ca","and"],["parākramaiḥ","by (their) feats of valour"],["videśeṣv","in foreign lands","videśeṣu",[["vi","apart, other"],["deśa","land, country"]]],["api","even"],["vijñātāḥ","known, recognized"],["sarvato","on all sides, everywhere","sarvataḥ"],["buddhiniścayāt","through the firmness of (their) judgement","",[["buddhi","intellect, judgement"],["niścaya","resolve, certainty, firmness"]]]]},{"v":15,"ref":"1.007.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"īdṛśais tair amātyais tu rājā daśaratho 'naghaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"upapanno guṇopetair anvaśāsad vasuṃdharām","q":null}],"tr":"Endowed with such ministers as these, gifted with (every) virtue, the faultless king Daśaratha ruled the earth.","w":[["īdṛśais","with such","īdṛśaiḥ"],["tair","those","taiḥ"],["amātyais","ministers","amātyaiḥ"],["tu","indeed, and"],["rājā","the king"],["daśaratho","Daśaratha","daśarathaḥ"],["'naghaḥ","the faultless, sinless","anaghaḥ",[["an-","without"],["agha","sin, fault"]]],["upapanno","endowed, furnished","upapannaḥ"],["guṇopetair","possessed of virtues","guṇopetaiḥ",[["guṇa","virtue, quality"],["upeta","endowed with"]]],["anvaśāsad","ruled, governed","anvaśāsat"],["vasuṃdharām","the earth","",[["vasu","wealth"],["dharā","bearer, sustainer"]]]]},{"v":16,"ref":"1.007.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"avekṣamāṇaś cāreṇa prajā dharmeṇa rañjayan","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nādhyagacchad viśiṣṭaṃ vā tulyaṃ vā śatrum ātmanaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Watching (his realm) through spies, and gladdening his subjects with righteous rule, he found no enemy superior or even equal to himself.","w":[["avekṣamāṇaś","observing, keeping watch","avekṣamāṇaḥ"],["cāreṇa","through a spy, by espionage"],["prajā","the subjects","prajāḥ"],["dharmeṇa","with righteousness, justly"],["rañjayan","gladdening, delighting"],["nādhyagacchad","did not find","na adhyagacchat"],["viśiṣṭaṃ","superior"],["vā","or"],["tulyaṃ","equal"],["vā","or"],["śatrum","an enemy"],["ātmanaḥ","to himself, than himself"]]},{"v":17,"ref":"1.007.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tair mantribhir mantrahitair niviṣṭair vṛto 'nuraktaiḥ kuśalaiḥ samarthaiḥ","q":["tair mantribhir mantrahitair niviṣṭair","vṛto 'nuraktaiḥ kuśalaiḥ samarthaiḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"sa pārthivo dīptim avāpa yuktas tejomayair gobhir ivodito 'rkaḥ","q":["sa pārthivo dīptim avāpa yuktas","tejomayair gobhir ivodito 'rkaḥ"]}],"tr":"Surrounded by those counsellors — givers of good counsel, steadfast, loyal, skilled, and capable — that king, thus attended, attained radiance, like the risen sun with its rays of light.","w":[["tair","those","taiḥ"],["mantribhir","by counsellors","mantribhiḥ"],["mantrahitair","giving beneficial counsel","mantrahitaiḥ",[["mantra","counsel"],["hita","beneficial, good"]]],["niviṣṭair","devoted, steadfast (in duty)","niviṣṭaiḥ"],["vṛto","surrounded","vṛtaḥ"],["'nuraktaiḥ","loyal, devoted","anuraktaiḥ"],["kuśalaiḥ","skilled"],["samarthaiḥ","capable, competent"],["sa","he"],["pārthivo","the king","pārthivaḥ"],["dīptim","radiance, splendour"],["avāpa","attained, obtained"],["yuktas","attended, joined (by them)","yuktaḥ"],["tejomayair","made of radiance, brilliant","tejomayaiḥ",[["tejas","radiance, splendour"],["-maya","made of, consisting of"]]],["gobhir","with rays","gobhiḥ"],["ivodito","like the risen","iva uditaḥ"],["'rkaḥ","the sun","arkaḥ"]]}]}