{"kanda":1,"kandaName":"Bāla Kāṇḍa","sarga":5,"title":"Ayodhyā’s layout and defences","sentence":"The narrative introduces Kosala on the Sarayū and its capital, describing Ayodhyā’s roads, defences, markets and abundant provisions","portion":"Descriptions of Ayodhyā","sequence":[[{"steps":["The narrative now turns back to the beginning of Rāma's story, placing it in the Ikṣvāku dynasty, whose ancestors include Sagara and his sixty thousand sons (5.1–4)"],"from":1,"to":4,"sarga":5},{"steps":["it introduces prosperous Kosala on the Sarayū and its capital Ayodhyā, built by Manu, twelve yojanas long and three wide (5.5–7)"],"from":5,"to":7,"sarga":5},{"steps":["Daśaratha rules a city of broad avenues and a royal road continually sprinkled with water and strewn with flowers (5.8–9)"],"from":8,"to":9,"sarga":5},{"steps":["its gates, markets, craftspeople, watchtowers, weapons, rampart, and deep moat make it busy and strongly defended (5.10–13)"],"from":10,"to":13,"sarga":5},{"steps":["tributary Kings and merchants from many countries mingle among gardens, performers, jewel-adorned palaces, and closely built houses","grain is plentiful, water sweet, and drums, lutes, and cymbals fill the streets with music (5.14–19)"],"from":14,"to":19,"sarga":5},{"steps":["the portrait closes with its trained warriors, skilled hunters, learned brāhmaṇas, sacred fires, generosity, and ṛṣis (5.20–23)."],"from":20,"to":23,"sarga":5}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"1.005.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sarvāpūrvam iyaṃ yeṣām āsīt kṛtsnā vasuṃdharā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prajāpatim upādāya nṛpāṇāṃ jayaśālinām","q":null}],"tr":"This whole earth in its entirety once belonged to those victorious kings, beginning with Prajāpati.","w":[["sarvāpūrvam","wholly, from of old","sarvā pūrvam"],["iyaṃ","this"],["yeṣām","of/to whom (those kings)"],["āsīt","was, belonged"],["kṛtsnā","entire, whole"],["vasuṃdharā","the earth","",[["vasu","wealth"],["dhara","bearing, holding"]]],["prajāpatim","Prajāpati","",[["prajā","creatures, offspring"],["pati","lord"]]],["upādāya","beginning from, taking up"],["nṛpāṇāṃ","of the kings","",[["nṛ","man"],["pa","protector, ruler"]]],["jayaśālinām","victorious, endowed with victory","",[["jaya","victory"],["śālin","possessing, endowed with"]]]]},{"v":2,"ref":"1.005.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yeṣāṃ sa sagaro nāma sāgaro yena khānitaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi yaṃ yāntaṃ paryavārayan","q":null}],"tr":"Among them was the one named Sagara, by whom the ocean was dug out, whom his sixty thousand sons attended as he marched.","w":[["yeṣāṃ","among whom"],["sa","that (famous one)"],["sagaro","Sagara","sagaraḥ"],["nāma","by name"],["sāgaro","the ocean","sāgaraḥ"],["yena","by whom"],["khānitaḥ","was dug out"],["ṣaṣṭiḥ","sixty"],["putrasahasrāṇi","thousands of sons","",[["putra","son"],["sahasra","thousand"]]],["yaṃ","whom"],["yāntaṃ","going, as he marched"],["paryavārayan","surrounded, attended, escorted"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"1.005.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ikṣvākūṇām idaṃ teṣāṃ rājñāṃ vaṃśe mahātmanām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"mahad utpannam ākhyānaṃ rāmāyaṇam iti śrutam","q":null}],"tr":"In the lineage of those great-souled Ikṣvāku kings arose this great tale, known as the Rāmāyaṇa.","w":[["ikṣvākūṇām","of the Ikṣvākus"],["idaṃ","this"],["teṣāṃ","of those"],["rājñāṃ","kings"],["vaṃśe","in the lineage, dynasty"],["mahātmanām","great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["mahad","great","mahat"],["utpannam","arisen, sprung up"],["ākhyānaṃ","tale, narrative"],["rāmāyaṇam","the Rāmāyaṇa"],["iti","thus (called)"],["śrutam","is heard, known"]]},{"v":4,"ref":"1.005.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tad idaṃ vartayiṣyāmi sarvaṃ nikhilam āditaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dharmakāmārthasahitaṃ śrotavyam anasūyayā","q":null}],"tr":"This entire tale I shall now relate in full from the beginning — replete with dharma, artha, and kāma — to be heard without ill will.","w":[["tad idaṃ","this very","tat idaṃ"],["vartayiṣyāmi","I shall relate, narrate"],["sarvaṃ","all, whole"],["nikhilam","entire, complete"],["āditaḥ","from the beginning"],["dharmakāmārthasahitaṃ","joined with dharma, kāma and artha","",[["dharma","dharma, righteousness"],["kāma","pleasure, desire"],["artha","wealth, purpose"],["sahita","accompanied by, together with"]]],["śrotavyam","to be heard"],["anasūyayā","without envy or spite, ungrudgingly","",[["an-","without"],["asūyā","spite, detraction"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"1.005.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kosalo nāma muditaḥ sphīto janapado mahān","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"niviṣṭaḥ sarayūtīre prabhūtadhanadhānyavān","q":null}],"tr":"There is a great country named Kosala, joyous and flourishing, set upon the bank of the Sarayū, abounding in wealth and grain.","w":[["kosalo","Kosala","kosalaḥ"],["nāma","by name"],["muditaḥ","joyous, glad"],["sphīto","flourishing, prosperous","sphītaḥ"],["janapado","country, region","janapadaḥ",[["jana","people"],["pada","place, region"]]],["mahān","great"],["niviṣṭaḥ","situated, established"],["sarayūtīre","on the bank of the Sarayū","",[["sarayū","the Sarayū river"],["tīra","bank, shore"]]],["prabhūtadhanadhānyavān","abounding in wealth and grain","",[["prabhūta","abundant, much"],["dhana","wealth"],["dhānya","grain"],["-vat","possessing"]]]]},{"v":6,"ref":"1.005.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ayodhyā nāma nagarī tatrāsīl lokaviśrutā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"manunā mānavendreṇa yā purī nirmitā svayam","q":null}],"tr":"There stood a world-renowned city named Ayodhyā, which city was built by Manu himself, the lord of men.","w":[["ayodhyā","Ayodhyā"],["nāma","by name"],["nagarī","city"],["tatrāsīl","was there","tatra āsīt"],["lokaviśrutā","world-renowned","",[["loka","world"],["viśruta","famed, renowned"]]],["manunā","by Manu"],["mānavendreṇa","by the lord of men","",[["mānava","man, human"],["indra","lord, chief"]]],["yā","which"],["purī","city"],["nirmitā","built, fashioned"],["svayam","himself, in person"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"1.005.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"āyatā daśa ca dve ca yojanāni mahāpurī","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śrīmatī trīṇi vistīrṇā suvibhaktamahāpathā","q":null}],"tr":"The splendid great city stretched twelve yojanas in length and three in breadth, with its grand avenues well laid out.","w":[["āyatā","extended, long"],["daśa ca dve ca","ten and two (twelve)"],["yojanāni","yojanas"],["mahāpurī","the great city","",[["mahā","great"],["purī","city"]]],["śrīmatī","splendid, glorious"],["trīṇi","three"],["vistīrṇā","broad, extended (in width)"],["suvibhaktamahāpathā","with well-laid-out grand avenues","",[["su","well"],["vibhakta","divided, arranged"],["mahā","great"],["patha","road, way"]]]]},{"v":8,"ref":"1.005.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rājamārgeṇa mahatā suvibhaktena śobhitā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"muktapuṣpāvakīrṇena jalasiktena nityaśaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"It was adorned by a great, well-ordered royal highway, strewn with loose-cast flowers and sprinkled with water without cease.","w":[["rājamārgeṇa","with a royal highway","",[["rāja","royal, king"],["mārga","road, way"]]],["mahatā","great"],["suvibhaktena","well-divided, well-ordered","",[["su","well"],["vibhakta","divided, arranged"]]],["śobhitā","adorned, made beautiful"],["muktapuṣpāvakīrṇena","strewn with cast-off flowers","muktapuṣpa-avakīrṇena",[["mukta","loosed, cast, scattered"],["puṣpa","flower"],["avakīrṇa","strewn, scattered over"]]],["jalasiktena","sprinkled with water","",[["jala","water"],["sikta","sprinkled, moistened"]]],["nityaśaḥ","constantly, without cease"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"1.005.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tāṃ tu rājā daśaratho mahārāṣṭravivardhanaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"purīm āvāsayām āsa divi devapatir yathā","q":null}],"tr":"And King Daśaratha, enhancer of the great realm, dwelt in and peopled that city, as the lord of the gods dwells in heaven.","w":[["tāṃ tu","and that"],["rājā","the king"],["daśaratho","Daśaratha","daśarathaḥ"],["mahārāṣṭravivardhanaḥ","enhancer of the great realm","",[["mahā","great"],["rāṣṭra","realm, kingdom"],["vivardhana","increasing, enhancing"]]],["purīm","the city"],["āvāsayām āsa","peopled, made his abode in"],["divi","in heaven"],["devapatir","the lord of the gods (Indra)","devapatiḥ",[["deva","god"],["pati","lord"]]],["yathā","as, like"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"1.005.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kapāṭatoraṇavatīṃ suvibhaktāntarāpaṇām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sarvayantrāyudhavatīm upetāṃ sarvaśilpibhiḥ","q":null}],"tr":"(That city) had gates and arched portals, with well-ordered inner markets, provided with every engine and weapon, and furnished with artisans of every kind;","w":[["kapāṭatoraṇavatīṃ","having gates and arched portals","",[["kapāṭa","door-leaf, gate"],["toraṇa","arched gateway, portal"],["-vat","possessing"]]],["suvibhaktāntarāpaṇām","with well-ordered inner markets","suvibhakta-antarāpaṇām",[["su","well"],["vibhakta","divided, arranged"],["antar","inner, within"],["āpaṇa","market, shop"]]],["sarvayantrāyudhavatīm","having all engines and weapons","sarvayantra-āyudhavatīm",[["sarva","all"],["yantra","engine, machine"],["āyudha","weapon"],["-vat","possessing"]]],["upetāṃ","furnished with, endowed with"],["sarvaśilpibhiḥ","with all kinds of artisans","",[["sarva","all"],["śilpin","artisan, craftsman"]]]]},{"v":11,"ref":"1.005.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sūtamāgadhasaṃbādhāṃ śrīmatīm atulaprabhām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"uccāṭṭāladhvajavatīṃ śataghnīśatasaṃkulām","q":null}],"tr":"thronged with bards and panegyrists, splendid, of matchless brilliance, having lofty watchtowers and banners, and bristling with hundreds of śataghnīs;","w":[["sūtamāgadhasaṃbādhāṃ","thronged with bards and panegyrists","",[["sūta","bard, minstrel"],["māgadha","panegyrist, herald"],["saṃbādha","crowded, thronged"]]],["śrīmatīm","splendid, glorious"],["atulaprabhām","of matchless splendour","",[["atula","matchless, unequalled"],["prabhā","radiance, splendour"]]],["uccāṭṭāladhvajavatīṃ","having lofty watchtowers and banners","ucca-aṭṭāladhvajavatīṃ",[["ucca","high, lofty"],["aṭṭāla","watchtower, turret"],["dhvaja","banner, flag"],["-vat","possessing"]]],["śataghnīśatasaṃkulām","crowded with hundreds of śataghnīs","",[["śataghnī","śataghnī (a spiked defensive weapon)"],["śata","hundred"],["saṃkula","crowded, filled"]]]]},{"v":12,"ref":"1.005.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vadhūnāṭakasaṅghaiś ca saṃyuktāṃ sarvataḥ purīm","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"udyānāmravaṇopetāṃ mahatīṃ sālamekhalām","q":null}],"tr":"the city on every side furnished with troupes of dancing-women and players, provided with pleasure-gardens and mango-groves, vast, and girdled with a rampart;","w":[["vadhūnāṭakasaṅghaiś ca","and with troupes of dancing-women and players","vadhūnāṭakasaṅghaiḥ ca",[["vadhū","young woman, dancing-girl"],["nāṭaka","drama, player, actor"],["saṅgha","troupe, group"]]],["saṃyuktāṃ","joined with, furnished with"],["sarvataḥ","on all sides, everywhere"],["purīm","the city"],["udyānāmravaṇopetāṃ","provided with gardens and mango-groves","udyāna-āmravaṇa-upetāṃ",[["udyāna","garden, park"],["āmra","mango"],["vana","grove, wood"],["upeta","provided with, endowed"]]],["mahatīṃ","great, vast"],["sālamekhalām","girdled with a rampart (or with sāla trees)","",[["sāla","rampart, enclosing wall; sāla tree"],["mekhalā","girdle, belt"]]]]},{"v":13,"ref":"1.005.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"durgagambhīraparighāṃ durgām anyair durāsadām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vājivāraṇasaṃpūrṇāṃ gobhir uṣṭraiḥ kharais tathā","q":null}],"tr":"with a deep and impassable moat, a stronghold unassailable by foes, filled with horses and elephants, with cattle, camels, and asses as well;","w":[["durgagambhīraparighāṃ","with a deep and impassable moat","",[["durga","hard to pass, impassable"],["gambhīra","deep"],["parigha","moat, barrier"]]],["durgām","a stronghold, fortress"],["anyair","by others (i.e. enemies)","anyaiḥ"],["durāsadām","hard to assail, unassailable","",[["dur-","hard, difficult"],["āsada","to be assailed, approached"]]],["vājivāraṇasaṃpūrṇāṃ","filled with horses and elephants","",[["vāji","horse"],["vāraṇa","elephant"],["saṃpūrṇa","full, filled"]]],["gobhir","with cattle","gobhiḥ"],["uṣṭraiḥ","with camels"],["kharais","with asses, donkeys","kharaiḥ"],["tathā","as well, likewise"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"1.005.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sāmantarājasaṅghaiś ca balikarmabhir āvṛtām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nānādeśanivāsaiś ca vaṇigbhir upaśobhitām","q":null}],"tr":"thronged with hosts of vassal kings engaged in bringing tribute, and graced by merchants who dwelt there from many lands;","w":[["sāmantarājasaṅghaiś ca","and with hosts of vassal kings","sāmantarājasaṅghaiḥ ca",[["sāmanta","neighbouring, vassal"],["rāja","king"],["saṅgha","host, throng"]]],["balikarmabhir","engaged in acts of tribute","balikarmabhiḥ",[["bali","tribute, tax, offering"],["karman","act, deed"]]],["āvṛtām","surrounded, thronged"],["nānādeśanivāsaiś ca","and with dwellers from various lands","nānādeśanivāsaiḥ ca",[["nānā","various, diverse"],["deśa","country, region"],["nivāsa","dwelling, resident"]]],["vaṇigbhir","with merchants","vaṇigbhiḥ"],["upaśobhitām","adorned, graced"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"1.005.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"prasādai ratnavikṛtaiḥ parvatair upaśobhitām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kūṭāgāraiś ca saṃpūrṇām indrasyevāmarāvatīm","q":null}],"tr":"graced with jewel-wrought palaces towering like mountains, and full of turreted mansions — like Indra's Amarāvatī;","w":[["prasādai","with palaces","prāsādaiḥ"],["ratnavikṛtaiḥ","wrought and adorned with jewels","",[["ratna","jewel, gem"],["vikṛta","fashioned, wrought, adorned"]]],["parvatair","with mountains (i.e. mountain-like)","parvataiḥ"],["upaśobhitām","graced, adorned"],["kūṭāgāraiś ca","and with turreted mansions","kūṭāgāraiḥ ca",[["kūṭa","peak, top, turret"],["agāra","house, chamber"]]],["saṃpūrṇām","filled, full"],["indrasyevāmarāvatīm","like Indra's Amarāvatī","indrasya iva amarāvatīm"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"1.005.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"citrām aṣṭāpadākārāṃ varanārīgaṇair yutām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sarvaratnasamākīrṇāṃ vimānagṛhaśobhitām","q":null}],"tr":"brilliant, laid out foursquare like a chessboard, filled with troops of lovely women, strewn with jewels of every kind, resplendent with palatial mansions;","w":[["citrām","brilliant, variegated, picturesque"],["aṣṭāpadākārāṃ","shaped like a chessboard","aṣṭāpada-ākārāṃ",[["aṣṭāpada","chessboard, gaming-board (lit. eight-footed)"],["ākāra","form, shape"]]],["varanārīgaṇair","with troops of lovely women","varanārīgaṇaiḥ",[["vara","choice, excellent, lovely"],["nārī","woman"],["gaṇa","troop, multitude"]]],["yutām","filled with, joined with"],["sarvaratnasamākīrṇāṃ","strewn with all kinds of jewels","",[["sarva","all"],["ratna","jewel"],["samākīrṇa","strewn, filled"]]],["vimānagṛhaśobhitām","resplendent with palatial mansions","",[["vimāna","palace, lofty mansion"],["gṛha","house"],["śobhita","adorned, made splendid"]]]]},{"v":17,"ref":"1.005.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gṛhagāḍhām avicchidrāṃ samabhūmau niveśitām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śālitaṇḍulasaṃpūrṇām ikṣukāṇḍarasodakām","q":null}],"tr":"densely built with houses, with no gap between them, laid out upon level ground, abounding in rice and grain, its water sweet as the juice of sugarcane stalks;","w":[["gṛhagāḍhām","dense with houses","",[["gṛha","house"],["gāḍha","dense, thick, close-set"]]],["avicchidrāṃ","without a gap, unbroken","a-vicchidrāṃ",[["a-","without"],["vicchidra","gap, break, interstice"]]],["samabhūmau","on level ground","",[["sama","level, even"],["bhūmi","ground, land"]]],["niveśitām","built, established, settled"],["śālitaṇḍulasaṃpūrṇām","full of paddy and husked rice","",[["śāli","rice, paddy"],["taṇḍula","husked rice, grain"],["saṃpūrṇa","full, filled"]]],["ikṣukāṇḍarasodakām","with water like sugarcane-stalk juice","ikṣukāṇḍarasa-udakām",[["ikṣu","sugarcane"],["kāṇḍa","stalk, joint, stem"],["rasa","juice, sap"],["udaka","water"]]]]},{"v":18,"ref":"1.005.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dundubhībhir mṛdaṅgaiś ca vīṇābhiḥ paṇavais tathā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nāditāṃ bhṛśam atyarthaṃ pṛthivyāṃ tām anuttamām","q":null}],"tr":"resounding exceedingly with kettledrums, tabors, lutes, and cymbals — that city unequalled upon the earth;","w":[["dundubhībhir","with kettledrums","dundubhībhiḥ"],["mṛdaṅgaiś ca","and with tabors","mṛdaṅgaiḥ ca"],["vīṇābhiḥ","with lutes (vīṇās)"],["paṇavais","with small drums, cymbals","paṇavaiḥ"],["tathā","likewise, as well"],["nāditāṃ","made to resound, ringing"],["bhṛśam","exceedingly, greatly"],["atyarthaṃ","beyond measure, excessively"],["pṛthivyāṃ","on the earth"],["tām","that (city)"],["anuttamām","unequalled, peerless","",[["an-","not"],["uttama","highest, best"]]]]},{"v":19,"ref":"1.005.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"vimānam iva siddhānāṃ tapasādhigataṃ divi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"suniveśitaveśmāntāṃ narottamasamāvṛtām","q":null}],"tr":"like the aerial palace of the Siddhas won in heaven by austerity; with its dwellings well laid out, thronged with the noblest of men —","w":[["vimānam iva","like an aerial palace, celestial car"],["siddhānāṃ","of the Siddhas (perfected beings)"],["tapasādhigataṃ","won by austerity","tapasā adhigataṃ"],["divi","in heaven"],["suniveśitaveśmāntāṃ","with its house-interiors well laid out","su-niveśita-veśma-antāṃ",[["su","well"],["niveśita","arranged, built, settled"],["veśman","house, dwelling"],["anta","interior, quarter, region"]]],["narottamasamāvṛtām","thronged with the best of men","narottama-samāvṛtām",[["nara","man"],["uttama","best, highest"],["samāvṛta","thronged, surrounded"]]]]},{"v":20,"ref":"1.005.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ye ca bāṇair na vidhyanti viviktam aparāparam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"śabdavedhyaṃ ca vitataṃ laghuhastā viśāradāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"and skilled, nimble-handed men who would not loose their arrows at a target isolated, indistinct, spread out, or to be struck by sound alone;","w":[["ye ca","and who"],["bāṇair","with arrows","bāṇaiḥ"],["na vidhyanti","do not pierce, shoot"],["viviktam","an isolated, solitary (target)"],["aparāparam","one indistinct, one after another"],["śabdavedhyaṃ ca","and one to be pierced by sound (alone)","",[["śabda","sound"],["vedhya","to be pierced, hit"]]],["vitataṃ","spread out, extended (target)"],["laghuhastā","light-handed, nimble-handed","laghuhastāḥ",[["laghu","light, quick"],["hasta","hand"]]],["viśāradāḥ","skilled, expert"]]},{"v":21,"ref":"1.005.021","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"siṃhavyāghravarāhāṇāṃ mattānāṃ nadatāṃ vane","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"hantāro niśitaiḥ śastrair balād bāhubalair api","q":null}],"tr":"but who were slayers of lions, tigers, and boars — furious and roaring in the forest — with sharp weapons, or forcibly even by the strength of their arms.","w":[["siṃhavyāghravarāhāṇāṃ","of lions, tigers, and boars","",[["siṃha","lion"],["vyāghra","tiger"],["varāha","boar"]]],["mattānāṃ","furious, rutting, frenzied"],["nadatāṃ","roaring, bellowing"],["vane","in the forest"],["hantāro","slayers, killers","hantāraḥ"],["niśitaiḥ","with sharp(ened)"],["śastrair","weapons","śastraiḥ"],["balād","by force, forcibly","balāt"],["bāhubalair","by strength of arm","bāhubalaiḥ",[["bāhu","arm"],["bala","strength"]]],["api","even, also"]]},{"v":22,"ref":"1.005.022","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tādṛśānāṃ sahasrais tām abhipūrṇāṃ mahārathaiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"purīm āvāsayām āsa rājā daśarathas tadā","q":null}],"tr":"That city, filled with thousands of such great chariot-warriors, King Daśaratha then peopled.","w":[["tādṛśānāṃ","of such (men)"],["sahasrais","with thousands","sahasraiḥ"],["tām","that"],["abhipūrṇāṃ","filled, thronged"],["mahārathaiḥ","with great chariot-warriors","",[["mahā","great"],["ratha","chariot; chariot-warrior"]]],["purīm","the city"],["āvāsayām āsa","peopled, caused to be inhabited"],["rājā","the king"],["daśarathas","Daśaratha","daśarathaḥ"],["tadā","then"]]},{"v":23,"ref":"1.005.023","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tām agnimadbhir guṇavadbhir āvṛtāṃ dvijottamair vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ","q":["tām agnimadbhir guṇavadbhir āvṛtāṃ","dvijottamair vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ"]},{"p":"c","t":"sahasradaiḥ satyaratair mahātmabhir maharṣikalpair ṛṣibhiś ca kevalaiḥ","q":["sahasradaiḥ satyaratair mahātmabhir","maharṣikalpair ṛṣibhiś ca kevalaiḥ"]}],"tr":"That city was thronged with the best of brahmins — maintainers of the sacred fires, virtuous, masters of the Vedas and the six Vedāṅgas, givers of thousands in alms, devoted to truth, great-souled and like unto the great seers — and with sages pure and perfect.","w":[["tām","that (city)"],["agnimadbhir","maintaining the sacred fires","agnimadbhiḥ",[["agni","fire"],["-mat","possessing"]]],["guṇavadbhir","virtuous, endowed with good qualities","guṇavadbhiḥ",[["guṇa","virtue, good quality"],["-mat","possessing"]]],["āvṛtāṃ","thronged, filled, surrounded"],["dvijottamair","with the best of the twice-born (brahmins)","dvijottamaiḥ",[["dvija","twice-born, brahmin"],["uttama","best, highest"]]],["vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ","masters of the Vedas and six Vedāṅgas","",[["veda","Veda"],["ṣaṣ","six"],["aṅga","limb, auxiliary science"],["pāraga","one who has crossed to the far shore, master"]]],["sahasradaiḥ","givers of thousands (in alms)","",[["sahasra","thousand"],["da","giving, giver"]]],["satyaratair","devoted to truth","satyarataiḥ",[["satya","truth"],["rata","devoted to, delighting in"]]],["mahātmabhir","great-souled","mahātmabhiḥ",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]],["maharṣikalpair","resembling great seers","maharṣikalpaiḥ",[["mahā","great"],["ṛṣi","seer"],["kalpa","resembling, like"]]],["ṛṣibhiś ca","and with seers","ṛṣibhiḥ ca"],["kevalaiḥ","pure, unalloyed, perfect (ascetics)"]]}]}