{"kanda":1,"kandaName":"Bāla Kāṇḍa","sarga":43,"title":"Story of Sagara: Gaṅgā redeems the sixty thousand","sentence":"The waters cover the sixty thousand’s ashes and raise them to heaven, Brahmā names Gaṅgā Bhāgīrathī & Tripathagā and Bhagīratha completes the ancestral rites","portion":"Story of Sagara","sequence":[[{"steps":["Bhagīratha reaches the ocean and leads Gaṅgā into the earth's depths, where Sagara's sons lie as ashes (43.1)"],"from":1,"to":1,"sarga":43},{"steps":["her waters cover them","Brahmā announces that all sixty thousand have reached heaven and will remain there while the ocean endures (43.2–4)"],"from":2,"to":4,"sarga":43},{"steps":["he declares Gaṅgā Bhagīratha's eldest daughter, hence her name Bhāgīrathī","she is also Tripathagā because she sanctifies the three paths (43.5–6)"],"from":5,"to":6,"sarga":43},{"steps":["Brahmā asks the King to complete the pitṛtarpaṇa (water-offerings to the pitṛs) and praises him for accomplishing what Sagara, Aṃśumat, and Dilīpa could not (43.7–13)"],"from":7,"to":13,"sarga":43},{"steps":["he instructs Bhagīratha to bathe and make the offerings, then departs (43.14–16)"],"from":14,"to":16,"sarga":43},{"steps":["Bhagīratha performs the rites, returns purified to his capital, and rules to the people's joy (43.17–18)"],"from":17,"to":18,"sarga":43},{"steps":["Viśvāmitra ends the Gaṅgā story as twilight passes and declares the blessings of hearing it (43.19–20)."],"from":19,"to":20,"sarga":43}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"1.043.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sa gatvā sāgaraṃ rājā gaṅgayānugatas tadā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"praviveśa talaṃ bhūmer yatra te bhasmasātkṛtāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"That king, going to the ocean, followed then by Gaṅgā, entered the depths of the earth, where those (sons) had been reduced to ashes.","w":[["sa","he, that","saḥ"],["gatvā","having gone"],["sāgaraṃ","to the ocean, the sea"],["rājā","the king"],["gaṅgayānugatas","followed by Gaṅgā","gaṅgayā anugataḥ"],["tadā","then"],["praviveśa","entered"],["talaṃ","the depths, bottom"],["bhūmer","of the earth","bhūmeḥ"],["yatra","where"],["te","they, those"],["bhasmasātkṛtāḥ","reduced to ashes","",[["bhasman","ashes"],["-sāt","to the state of"],["kṛta","made"]]]]},{"v":2,"ref":"1.043.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bhasmany athāplute rāma gaṅgāyāḥ salilena vai","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sarva lokaprabhur brahmā rājānam idam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"When the ashes had been flooded, O Rāma, with the water of Gaṅgā, Brahmā, lord of all worlds, said this to the king:","w":[["bhasmany","the ashes (loc.)","bhasmani"],["athāplute","when, then, (they were) flooded","atha āplute"],["rāma","O Rāma"],["gaṅgāyāḥ","of Gaṅgā"],["salilena","with the water"],["vai","indeed"],["sarva","of all"],["lokaprabhur","lord of the worlds","lokaprabhuḥ",[["loka","world"],["prabhu","lord"]]],["brahmā","Brahmā"],["rājānam","to the king"],["idam","this"],["abravīt","said"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"1.043.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tāritā naraśārdūla divaṃ yātāś ca devavat","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi sagarasya mahātmanaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"“They have been delivered, O tiger among men, and have gone to heaven like gods — the sixty thousand sons of the great-souled Sagara.","w":[["tāritā","delivered, carried across","tāritāḥ"],["naraśārdūla","O tiger among men","",[["nara","man"],["śārdūla","tiger"]]],["divaṃ","to heaven"],["yātāś","gone","yātāḥ"],["ca","and"],["devavat","like gods","",[["deva","god"],["-vat","like"]]],["ṣaṣṭiḥ","sixty"],["putrasahasrāṇi","thousands of sons","",[["putra","son"],["sahasra","thousand"]]],["sagarasya","of Sagara"],["mahātmanaḥ","the great-souled","",[["mahā","great"],["ātman","soul"]]]]},{"v":4,"ref":"1.043.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sāgarasya jalaṃ loke yāvat sthāsyati pārthiva","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"sagarasyātmajās tāvat svarge sthāsyanti devavat","q":null}],"tr":"As long as the water of the ocean shall remain in the world, O king, so long will Sagara's sons abide in heaven like gods.","w":[["sāgarasya","of the ocean"],["jalaṃ","water"],["loke","in the world"],["yāvat","as long as"],["sthāsyati","will remain, endure"],["pārthiva","O king"],["sagarasyātmajās","the sons of Sagara","sagarasya ātmajāḥ",[["ātman","self"],["ja","born"]]],["tāvat","so long"],["svarge","in heaven"],["sthāsyanti","will abide, dwell"],["devavat","like gods","",[["deva","god"],["-vat","like"]]]]},{"v":5,"ref":"1.043.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"iyaṃ ca duhitā jyeṣṭhā tava gaṅgā bhaviṣyati","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tvatkṛtena ca nāmnā vai loke sthāsyati viśrutā","q":null}],"tr":"And this Gaṅgā will be your eldest daughter, and by a name derived from you she will remain renowned in the world.","w":[["iyaṃ","this"],["ca","and"],["duhitā","daughter"],["jyeṣṭhā","eldest"],["tava","your"],["gaṅgā","Gaṅgā"],["bhaviṣyati","will be"],["tvatkṛtena","made by you, derived from you","",[["tvat","you"],["kṛta","made"]]],["ca","and"],["nāmnā","by a name"],["vai","indeed"],["loke","in the world"],["sthāsyati","will remain, stand"],["viśrutā","renowned, famed"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"1.043.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"gaṅgā tripathagā nāma divyā bhāgīrathīti ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"tripatho bhāvayantīti tatas tripathagā smṛtā","q":null}],"tr":"Gaṅgā is named the three-pathed and the celestial, and also Bhāgīrathī; and because she hallows the three paths, she is therefore called Tripathagā.","w":[["gaṅgā","Gaṅgā"],["tripathagā","the three-pathed","",[["tri","three"],["patha","path"],["ga","going"]]],["nāma","by name"],["divyā","celestial, divine"],["bhāgīrathīti","Bhāgīrathī (‘of Bhagīratha’), thus","bhāgīrathī iti"],["ca","and"],["tripatho","the three paths","tripathaḥ",[["tri","three"],["patha","path"]]],["bhāvayantīti","‘(because) she hallows (them)’, thus","bhāvayantī iti"],["tatas","therefore, thence","tataḥ"],["tripathagā","Tripathagā (the three-pathed)","",[["tri","three"],["patha","path"],["ga","going"]]],["smṛtā","is called, remembered"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"1.043.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pitāmahānāṃ sarveṣāṃ tvam atra manujādhipa","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kuruṣva salilaṃ rājan pratijñām apavarjaya","q":null}],"tr":"Here, O ruler of men, make the water-offering for all your forefathers, O king, and fulfil your vow.","w":[["pitāmahānāṃ","of the forefathers","",[["pitāmaha","grandfather, ancestor"]]],["sarveṣāṃ","of all"],["tvam","you"],["atra","here"],["manujādhipa","O ruler of men","",[["manuja","man (‘born of Manu’)"],["adhipa","lord"]]],["kuruṣva","make, perform"],["salilaṃ","the water(-offering)"],["rājan","O king"],["pratijñām","the vow, promise"],["apavarjaya","fulfil, discharge"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"1.043.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pūrvakeṇa hi te rājaṃs tenātiyaśasā tadā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dharmiṇāṃ pravareṇātha naiṣa prāpto manorathaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"For by that forefather of yours then, O king, of surpassing renown, foremost of the righteous — even by him this wish was not attained;","w":[["pūrvakeṇa","by the forefather, ancestor"],["hi","for, indeed"],["te","your"],["rājaṃs","O king","rājan"],["tenātiyaśasā","by that one of surpassing renown","tena atiyaśasā",[["ati","surpassing"],["yaśas","renown"]]],["tadā","then"],["dharmiṇāṃ","of the righteous"],["pravareṇātha","and by the foremost","pravareṇa atha"],["naiṣa","this ... not","na eṣaḥ"],["prāpto","attained","prāptaḥ"],["manorathaḥ","the wish, heart's desire","",[["manas","mind"],["ratha","‘chariot’, wish"]]]]},{"v":9,"ref":"1.043.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tathaivāṃśumatā tāta loke 'pratimatejasā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gaṅgāṃ prārthayatā netuṃ pratijñā nāpavarjitā","q":null}],"tr":"and likewise by Aṃśumat, my child, of matchless splendour in the world — though he longed to bring Gaṅgā down, the vow was not discharged;","w":[["tathaivāṃśumatā","and likewise by Aṃśumat","tathā eva aṃśumatā"],["tāta","my child, dear one"],["loke","in the world"],["'pratimatejasā","of matchless splendour","apratimatejasā",[["apratima","matchless, incomparable"],["tejas","splendour"]]],["gaṅgāṃ","Gaṅgā"],["prārthayatā","longing, striving"],["netuṃ","to bring, lead (down)"],["pratijñā","the vow, promise"],["nāpavarjitā","was not discharged, fulfilled","na apavarjitā"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"1.043.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"rājarṣiṇā guṇavatā maharṣisamatejasā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"mattulyatapasā caiva kṣatradharmasthitena ca","q":null}],"tr":"and by that royal seer, virtuous, of splendour equal to a great sage's, of austerity equal to my own, and steadfast in the kṣatriya's dharma —","w":[["rājarṣiṇā","by the royal seer","",[["rāja","king"],["ṛṣi","seer"]]],["guṇavatā","virtuous, endowed with virtues","",[["guṇa","virtue"],["-vat","possessing"]]],["maharṣisamatejasā","of splendour equal to a great sage's","",[["mahā","great"],["ṛṣi","seer"],["sama","equal"],["tejas","splendour"]]],["mattulyatapasā","of austerity equal to my own","",[["mat","my"],["tulya","equal"],["tapas","austerity"]]],["caiva","and also","ca eva"],["kṣatradharmasthitena","abiding in the kṣatriya's dharma","",[["kṣatra","warrior, kṣatriya"],["dharma","dharma, duty"],["sthita","abiding"]]],["ca","and"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"1.043.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dilīpena mahābhāga tava pitrātitejasā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"punar na śaṅkitā netuṃ gaṅgāṃ prārthayatānagha","q":null}],"tr":"— by Dilīpa, O illustrious one, your father of surpassing splendour: even he, though he longed to bring Gaṅgā down, ventured it no more, O sinless one.","w":[["dilīpena","by Dilīpa"],["mahābhāga","O illustrious one","",[["mahā","great"],["bhāga","fortune"]]],["tava","your"],["pitrātitejasā","by (your) father of surpassing splendour","pitrā atitejasā",[["ati","surpassing"],["tejas","splendour"]]],["punar","again","punaḥ"],["na","not"],["śaṅkitā","was able / ventured"],["netuṃ","to bring, lead down"],["gaṅgāṃ","Gaṅgā"],["prārthayatānagha","though longing, O sinless one","prārthayatā anagha"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"1.043.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sā tvayā samatikrāntā pratijñā puruṣarṣabha","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"prāpto 'si paramaṃ loke yaśaḥ paramasaṃmatam","q":null}],"tr":"That vow you have carried through, O bull among men; you have attained the highest, most esteemed glory in the world.","w":[["sā","that"],["tvayā","by you"],["samatikrāntā","carried through, accomplished"],["pratijñā","the vow"],["puruṣarṣabha","O bull among men","",[["puruṣa","man"],["ṛṣabha","bull"]]],["prāpto","attained","prāptaḥ"],["'si","you are","asi"],["paramaṃ","highest, supreme"],["loke","in the world"],["yaśaḥ","glory, fame"],["paramasaṃmatam","most esteemed, highly approved","",[["parama","supreme"],["saṃmata","esteemed, approved"]]]]},{"v":13,"ref":"1.043.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yac ca gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ tvayā kṛtam ariṃdama","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"anena ca bhavān prāpto dharmasyāyatanaṃ mahat","q":null}],"tr":"And this bringing-down of Gaṅgā that you have accomplished, O subduer of foes — by it you have attained the great abode of dharma.","w":[["yac","that which","yat"],["ca","and"],["gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ","the bringing-down of Gaṅgā","",[["gaṅgā","Gaṅgā"],["avataraṇa","descent"]]],["tvayā","by you"],["kṛtam","done, accomplished"],["ariṃdama","O subduer of foes","",[["ari","enemy"],["dama","subduing"]]],["anena","by this"],["ca","and"],["bhavān","your honour, you"],["prāpto","attained","prāptaḥ"],["dharmasyāyatanaṃ","the abode/seat of dharma","dharmasya āyatanaṃ"],["mahat","great"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"1.043.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"plāvayasva tvam ātmānaṃ narottama sadocite","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"salile puruṣavyāghra śuciḥ puṇyaphalo bhava","q":null}],"tr":"Bathe yourself, O best of men, in this ever-fitting water, O tiger among men, and become pure, with holy reward.","w":[["plāvayasva","bathe, immerse"],["tvam","you"],["ātmānaṃ","yourself"],["narottama","O best of men","",[["nara","man"],["uttama","best"]]],["sadocite","ever-fitting, always suitable (loc.)","sadā ucite"],["salile","in the water (loc.)"],["puruṣavyāghra","O tiger among men","",[["puruṣa","man"],["vyāghra","tiger"]]],["śuciḥ","pure, clean"],["puṇyaphalo","having holy reward","puṇyaphalaḥ",[["puṇya","holy, meritorious"],["phala","fruit, reward"]]],["bhava","become, be"]]},{"v":15,"ref":"1.043.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pitāmahānāṃ sarveṣāṃ kuruṣva salilakriyām","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"svasti te 'stu gamiṣyāmi svaṃ lokaṃ gamyatāṃ nṛpa","q":null}],"tr":"Perform the water-rite for all your forefathers. May it be well with you — I shall go to my own world; go now, O king.”","w":[["pitāmahānāṃ","of the forefathers","",[["pitāmaha","ancestor"]]],["sarveṣāṃ","of all"],["kuruṣva","perform"],["salilakriyām","the water-rite","",[["salila","water"],["kriyā","rite, act"]]],["svasti","well-being, blessing"],["te","to you"],["'stu","let it be","astu"],["gamiṣyāmi","I shall go"],["svaṃ","(my) own"],["lokaṃ","world"],["gamyatāṃ","let (you) depart, one may go"],["nṛpa","O king"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"1.043.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ity evam uktvā deveśaḥ sarvalokapitāmahaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yathāgataṃ tathāgacchad devalokaṃ mahāyaśāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having spoken thus, the lord of the gods, the Grandsire of all the worlds, of great renown, went back to the world of the gods just as he had come.","w":[["ity","thus","iti"],["evam","so, thus"],["uktvā","having spoken"],["deveśaḥ","the lord of the gods","",[["deva","god"],["īśa","lord"]]],["sarvalokapitāmahaḥ","the Grandsire of all worlds","",[["sarva","all"],["loka","world"],["pitāmaha","grandsire"]]],["yathāgataṃ","as he had come","yathā āgataṃ"],["tathāgacchad","so he went","tathā agacchat"],["devalokaṃ","to the world of the gods","",[["deva","god"],["loka","world"]]],["mahāyaśāḥ","of great renown","",[["mahā","great"],["yaśas","fame"]]]]},{"v":17,"ref":"1.043.017","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"bhagīratho 'pi rājarṣiḥ kṛtvā salilam uttamam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"yathākramaṃ yathānyāyaṃ sāgarāṇāṃ mahāyaśāḥ","q":null},{"p":"e","t":"kṛtodakaḥ śucī rājā svapuraṃ praviveśa ha","q":null}],"tr":"And the illustrious royal seer Bhagīratha, having made the excellent water-offering for the sons of Sagara in due order and proper manner — his libation performed and himself purified — entered his own city.","w":[["bhagīratho","Bhagīratha","bhagīrathaḥ"],["'pi","also, and","api"],["rājarṣiḥ","the royal seer","",[["rāja","king"],["ṛṣi","seer"]]],["kṛtvā","having made"],["salilam","the water(-offering)"],["uttamam","excellent, best"],["yathākramaṃ","in due order","",[["yathā","according to"],["krama","order"]]],["yathānyāyaṃ","in proper manner","",[["yathā","according to"],["nyāya","rule, propriety"]]],["sāgarāṇāṃ","for the sons of Sagara"],["mahāyaśāḥ","of great renown","",[["mahā","great"],["yaśas","fame"]]],["kṛtodakaḥ","having made the water-libation","kṛta-udakaḥ",[["kṛta","made"],["udaka","water"]]],["śucī","purified, clean","śuciḥ"],["rājā","the king"],["svapuraṃ","his own city","",[["sva","own"],["pura","city"]]],["praviveśa","entered"],["ha","indeed"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"1.043.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"samṛddhārtho naraśreṣṭha svarājyaṃ praśaśāsa ha","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"pramumoda ca lokas taṃ nṛpam āsādya rāghava","q":null},{"p":"e","t":"naṣṭaśokaḥ samṛddhārtho babhūva vigatajvaraḥ","q":null}],"tr":"His purpose fulfilled, O best of men, he ruled his own kingdom; and the world rejoiced on gaining him as king, O Rāghava — its grief gone, its aims fulfilled, its distress dispelled.","w":[["samṛddhārtho","his purpose fulfilled","samṛddha-arthaḥ",[["samṛddha","fulfilled, prosperous"],["artha","purpose, aim"]]],["naraśreṣṭha","O best of men","",[["nara","man"],["śreṣṭha","best"]]],["svarājyaṃ","his own kingdom","",[["sva","own"],["rājya","kingdom"]]],["praśaśāsa","ruled, governed"],["ha","indeed"],["pramumoda","rejoiced, was delighted"],["ca","and"],["lokas","the world","lokaḥ"],["taṃ","him"],["nṛpam","as king"],["āsādya","having gained, obtained"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["naṣṭaśokaḥ","its grief destroyed","",[["naṣṭa","destroyed, lost"],["śoka","grief"]]],["samṛddhārtho","its aims fulfilled","samṛddha-arthaḥ",[["samṛddha","fulfilled"],["artha","aim"]]],["babhūva","became"],["vigatajvaraḥ","its distress/fever dispelled","",[["vigata","gone"],["jvara","fever, distress"]]]]},{"v":19,"ref":"1.043.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"eṣa te rāma gaṅgāyā vistaro 'bhihito mayā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"svasti prāpnuhi bhadraṃ te saṃdhyākālo 'tivartate","q":null}],"tr":"This, O Rāma, is the full account of Gaṅgā that I have told you. Fare well; blessings on you — the hour of twilight is passing.","w":[["eṣa","this","eṣaḥ"],["te","to you"],["rāma","O Rāma"],["gaṅgāyā","of Gaṅgā","gaṅgāyāḥ"],["vistaro","the full account, detail","vistaraḥ"],["'bhihito","told, related","abhihitaḥ"],["mayā","by me"],["svasti","well-being, hail"],["prāpnuhi","attain, obtain"],["bhadraṃ","welfare, blessing"],["te","to you"],["saṃdhyākālo","the twilight hour","saṃdhyākālaḥ",[["saṃdhyā","twilight, juncture"],["kāla","time, hour"]]],["'tivartate","is passing, elapsing","ativartate"]]},{"v":20,"ref":"1.043.020","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"dhanyaṃ yaśasyam āyuṣyaṃ svargyaṃ putryam athāpi ca","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"idam ākhyānam ākhyātaṃ gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ mayā","q":null}],"tr":"This story of the descent of Gaṅgā — blessed, glory-bringing, life-prolonging, heaven-bestowing, and granting sons — has been told by me.","w":[["dhanyaṃ","blessed, bringing fortune"],["yaśasyam","conferring glory","",[["yaśas","glory"],["-ya","conferring"]]],["āyuṣyaṃ","prolonging life","",[["āyus","life"],["-ya","conferring"]]],["svargyaṃ","leading to heaven","",[["svarga","heaven"],["-ya","leading to"]]],["putryam","granting sons, conferring offspring","",[["putra","son"],["-ya","conferring"]]],["athāpi","and moreover","atha api"],["ca","and"],["idam","this"],["ākhyānam","story, narrative"],["ākhyātaṃ","has been told, related"],["gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ","the descent of Gaṅgā","",[["gaṅgā","Gaṅgā"],["avataraṇa","descent"]]],["mayā","by me"]]}]}