{"kanda":1,"kandaName":"Bāla Kāṇḍa","sarga":20,"title":"Vasiṣṭha’s intervention: The promise and Viśvāmitra’s powers","sentence":"Viśvāmitra threatens to leave, Vasiṣṭha urges Daśaratha to honour his promise and assures him of the ṛṣi’s power to protect Rāma","portion":"Viśvāmitra’s request and Rāma’s departure","sequence":[[{"steps":["Viśvāmitra angrily accuses Daśaratha of breaking his word and disgracing his dynasty","he threatens to depart","the earth trembles and the Suras grow afraid at his anger (20.1–4)"],"from":1,"to":4,"sarga":20},{"steps":["Vasiṣṭha intervenes, reminding Daśaratha of his duty and warning that a broken promise would destroy the merit of his sacrifices and good works (20.5–8)"],"from":5,"to":8,"sarga":20},{"steps":["he assures him that Rāma will be safe under Viśvāmitra's protection, trained or untrained (20.9)"],"from":9,"to":9,"sarga":20},{"steps":["he describes Viśvāmitra's unmatched wisdom, austerity, and mastery of weapons (20.10–12)"],"from":10,"to":12,"sarga":20},{"steps":["the divine weapons were given to Viśvāmitra while he was King: a hundred mighty sons of Kṛśāśva, born through Dakṣa's daughters Jayā and Suprabhā, fifty from each (20.13–17)"],"from":13,"to":17,"sarga":20},{"steps":["Viśvāmitra knows them all and can create others","Vasiṣṭha urges Daśaratha to put aside his doubts (20.18–19)."],"from":18,"to":19,"sarga":20}]],"verses":[{"v":1,"ref":"1.020.001","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tac chrutvā vacanaṃ tasya snehaparyākulākṣaram","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"samanyuḥ kauśiko vākyaṃ pratyuvaca mahīpatim","q":null}],"tr":"Hearing that speech of his, its syllables faltering with affection, the Kauśika (Viśvāmitra), full of anger, replied to the king:","w":[["tac","that","tat"],["chrutvā","having heard","śrutvā"],["vacanaṃ","speech"],["tasya","his"],["snehaparyākulākṣaram","its syllables faltering with affection","",[["sneha","affection"],["paryākula","agitated, confused"],["akṣara","syllable"]]],["samanyuḥ","full of anger","",[["sa","with"],["manyu","anger, wrath"]]],["kauśiko","the Kauśika (Viśvāmitra)","kauśikaḥ"],["vākyaṃ","word"],["pratyuvaca","replied","pratyuvāca"],["mahīpatim","to the king","",[["mahī","earth"],["pati","lord"]]]]},{"v":2,"ref":"1.020.002","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pūrvam arthaṃ pratiśrutya pratijñāṃ hātum icchasi","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"rāgavāṇām ayukto 'yaṃ kulasyāsya viparyayaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Having first promised the matter, you now wish to abandon your pledge; this reversal, unworthy of the Rāghavas, is a disgrace to this line.","w":[["pūrvam","first, before"],["arthaṃ","the matter, thing"],["pratiśrutya","having promised"],["pratijñāṃ","the pledge, promise"],["hātum","to abandon"],["icchasi","you wish"],["rāgavāṇām","of the Rāghavas","rāghavāṇām"],["ayukto","unworthy, improper","ayuktaḥ"],["'yaṃ","this","ayaṃ"],["kulasyāsya","of this line","kulasya asya"],["viparyayaḥ","reversal, contradiction"]]},{"v":3,"ref":"1.020.003","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"yad idaṃ te kṣamaṃ rājan gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"mithyāpratijñaḥ kākutstha sukhī bhava sabāndhavaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"If this seems fitting to you, O king, I shall go as I came; false to your promise, O Kākutstha, live happily with your kinsmen.","w":[["yad","if, since","yat"],["idaṃ","this"],["te","to you"],["kṣamaṃ","fitting, proper"],["rājan","O king"],["gamiṣyāmi","I shall go"],["yathāgatam","as I came","",[["yathā","as"],["āgata","come"]]],["mithyāpratijñaḥ","false to your promise","",[["mithyā","false"],["pratijñā","promise"]]],["kākutstha","O Kākutstha"],["sukhī","happy"],["bhava","be"],["sabāndhavaḥ","with your kinsmen","",[["sa","with"],["bāndhava","kinsman"]]]]},{"v":4,"ref":"1.020.004","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tasya roṣaparītasya viśvāmitrasya dhīmataḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"cacāla vasudhā kṛtsnā viveśa ca bhayaṃ surān","q":null}],"tr":"As that wise Viśvāmitra was overcome with wrath, the whole earth trembled, and fear entered the gods.","w":[["tasya","of him"],["roṣaparītasya","overcome with wrath","",[["roṣa","wrath, fury"],["parīta","overcome, seized"]]],["viśvāmitrasya","of Viśvāmitra"],["dhīmataḥ","the wise","",[["dhī","wisdom"],["-mat","possessing"]]],["cacāla","trembled, shook"],["vasudhā","the earth"],["kṛtsnā","whole, entire"],["viveśa","entered"],["ca","and"],["bhayaṃ","fear"],["surān","the gods"]]},{"v":5,"ref":"1.020.005","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"trastarūpaṃ tu vijñāya jagat sarvaṃ mahān ṛṣiḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nṛpatiṃ suvrato dhīro vasiṣṭho vākyam abravīt","q":null}],"tr":"Perceiving that the whole world had become terrified, the great seer Vasiṣṭha, of good vows and steadfast, spoke these words to the king:","w":[["trastarūpaṃ","of terrified aspect","",[["trasta","terrified"],["rūpa","form, aspect"]]],["tu","but, and"],["vijñāya","having perceived"],["jagat","the world"],["sarvaṃ","whole"],["mahān","great"],["ṛṣiḥ","the seer"],["nṛpatiṃ","to the king","",[["nṛ","man"],["pati","lord"]]],["suvrato","of good vows","suvrataḥ",[["su","good"],["vrata","vow"]]],["dhīro","steadfast","dhīraḥ"],["vasiṣṭho","Vasiṣṭha","vasiṣṭhaḥ"],["vākyam","word"],["abravīt","spoke"]]},{"v":6,"ref":"1.020.006","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"ikṣvākūṇāṃ kule jātaḥ sākṣād dharma ivāparaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"dhṛtimānsuvrataḥ śrīmān na dharmaṃ hātum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"Born in the line of the Ikṣvākus, like a second Dharma made manifest — resolute, of good vows, illustrious — you ought not to abandon dharma.","w":[["ikṣvākūṇāṃ","of the Ikṣvākus"],["kule","in the line"],["jātaḥ","born"],["sākṣād","manifest, in person","sākṣāt"],["dharma","Dharma"],["ivāparaḥ","like a second","iva aparaḥ"],["dhṛtimānsuvrataḥ","resolute and of good vows","dhṛtimān suvrataḥ",[["dhṛti","firmness, resolve"],["-mat","possessing"],["su","good"],["vrata","vow"]]],["śrīmān","illustrious","",[["śrī","splendour, fortune"],["-mat","possessing"]]],["na","not"],["dharmaṃ","dharma"],["hātum","to abandon"],["arhasi","you should"]]},{"v":7,"ref":"1.020.007","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"triṣu lokeṣu vikhyāto dharmātmā iti rāghavaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva nādharmaṃ voḍhum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"Renowned in the three worlds as 'the righteous,' O Rāghava — take up your own dharma; you ought not to bear the burden of unrighteousness.","w":[["triṣu","in the three"],["lokeṣu","in the worlds"],["vikhyāto","renowned","vikhyātaḥ"],["dharmātmā","the righteous-souled","",[["dharma","dharma"],["ātman","soul"]]],["iti","thus, as"],["rāghavaḥ","Rāghava"],["svadharmaṃ","your own dharma","",[["sva","own"],["dharma","dharma"]]],["pratipadyasva","take up, adopt"],["nādharmaṃ","not unrighteousness","na adharmaṃ"],["voḍhum","to bear, carry"],["arhasi","you should"]]},{"v":8,"ref":"1.020.008","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"saṃśrutyaivaṃ kariṣyāmīty akurvāṇasya rāghava","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"iṣṭāpūrtavadho bhūyāt tasmād rāmaṃ visarjaya","q":null}],"tr":"Having promised 'I will do thus,' if you fail to do it, O Rāghava, the destruction of the merit of your sacrifices and pious works would follow; therefore send Rāma forth.","w":[["saṃśrutyaivaṃ","having promised thus","saṃśrutya evaṃ"],["kariṣyāmīty","‘I shall do,’ thus","kariṣyāmi iti"],["akurvāṇasya","of one not doing (it)"],["rāghava","O Rāghava"],["iṣṭāpūrtavadho","the destruction of (merit from) sacrifices and pious works","iṣṭāpūrtavadhaḥ",[["iṣṭa","sacrifice, offering"],["pūrta","pious work, charitable act"],["vadha","destruction"]]],["bhūyāt","would arise, be"],["tasmād","therefore","tasmāt"],["rāmaṃ","Rāma"],["visarjaya","send forth"]]},{"v":9,"ref":"1.020.009","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"kṛtāstram akṛtāstraṃ vā nainaṃ śakṣyanti rākṣasāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"guptaṃ kuśikaputreṇa jvalanenāmṛtaṃ yathā","q":null}],"tr":"Whether trained in weapons or untrained, the rākṣasas will not be able (to harm) him, guarded by the son of Kuśika, as nectar (is guarded) by fire.","w":[["kṛtāstram","trained in weapons","",[["kṛta","done, accomplished"],["astra","weapon"]]],["akṛtāstraṃ","untrained in weapons","",[["a-","not"],["kṛta","accomplished"],["astra","weapon"]]],["vā","or"],["nainaṃ","not him","na enaṃ"],["śakṣyanti","will be able"],["rākṣasāḥ","the rākṣasas"],["guptaṃ","guarded, protected"],["kuśikaputreṇa","by the son of Kuśika","",[["kuśika","Kuśika"],["putra","son"]]],["jvalanenāmṛtaṃ","nectar by fire","jvalanena amṛtaṃ"],["yathā","as, like"]]},{"v":10,"ref":"1.020.010","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"eṣa vigrahavān dharma eṣa vīryavatāṃ varaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"eṣa buddhyādhiko loke tapasaś ca parāyaṇam","q":null}],"tr":"He is dharma embodied; he is the best of the mighty; he surpasses all in wisdom in the world, and is the highest resort of austerity.","w":[["eṣa","this one, he","eṣaḥ"],["vigrahavān","embodied, possessed of a body","",[["vigraha","body, form"],["-vat","possessing"]]],["dharma","dharma"],["eṣa","he","eṣaḥ"],["vīryavatāṃ","of the mighty","",[["vīrya","might"],["-vat","possessing"]]],["varaḥ","the best"],["eṣa","he","eṣaḥ"],["buddhyādhiko","superior in wisdom","buddhyādhikaḥ",[["buddhi","wisdom, intellect"],["adhika","superior, surpassing"]]],["loke","in the world"],["tapasaś","of austerity","tapasaḥ"],["ca","and"],["parāyaṇam","the highest resort, culmination"]]},{"v":11,"ref":"1.020.011","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"eṣo 'strān vividhān vetti trailokye sacarācare","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nainam anyaḥ pumān vetti na ca vetsyanti ke cana","q":null}],"tr":"He knows the various weapons that exist in the three worlds with all that moves and moves not; no other man knows them as he does, nor will any ever know them.","w":[["eṣo","he","eṣaḥ"],["'strān","the weapons","astrān"],["vividhān","various, of many kinds"],["vetti","knows"],["trailokye","in the three worlds"],["sacarācare","with all that moves and moves not","",[["sa","with"],["cara","moving"],["acara","unmoving"]]],["nainam","not him (them)","na enam"],["anyaḥ","another"],["pumān","man"],["vetti","knows"],["na","not"],["ca","and"],["vetsyanti","will know"],["ke","who (any)"],["cana","at all (indef.)"]]},{"v":12,"ref":"1.020.012","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"na devā narṣayaḥ ke cin nāsurā na ca rākṣasāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"gandharvayakṣapravarāḥ sakiṃnaramahoragāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Neither the gods, nor any of the seers, nor the asuras, nor the rākṣasas, nor the chief of the gandharvas and yakṣas, with the kinnaras and great serpents (know them).","w":[["na","not"],["devā","the gods","devāḥ"],["narṣayaḥ","nor the seers","na ṛṣayaḥ"],["ke","who (any)"],["cin","at all (indef.)","cit"],["nāsurā","nor the asuras","na asurāḥ"],["na","not"],["ca","and"],["rākṣasāḥ","the rākṣasas"],["gandharvayakṣapravarāḥ","the chief gandharvas and yakṣas","",[["gandharva","gandharva"],["yakṣa","yakṣa"],["pravara","chief, foremost"]]],["sakiṃnaramahoragāḥ","with kinnaras and great serpents","",[["sa","with"],["kiṃnara","kinnara"],["mahoraga","great serpent"]]]]},{"v":13,"ref":"1.020.013","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"sarvāstrāṇi kṛśāśvasya putrāḥ paramadhārmikāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"kauśikāya purā dattā yadā rājyaṃ praśāsati","q":null}],"tr":"All the weapons — the supremely righteous sons of Kṛśāśva — were of old given to the Kauśika, when he was ruling the kingdom.","w":[["sarvāstrāṇi","all the weapons","",[["sarva","all"],["astra","weapon"]]],["kṛśāśvasya","of Kṛśāśva"],["putrāḥ","the sons"],["paramadhārmikāḥ","supremely righteous","",[["parama","supreme"],["dhārmika","righteous"]]],["kauśikāya","to the Kauśika (Viśvāmitra)"],["purā","of old"],["dattā","given","dattāḥ"],["yadā","when"],["rājyaṃ","the kingdom"],["praśāsati","he was ruling"]]},{"v":14,"ref":"1.020.014","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"te 'pi putrāḥ kṛśāśvasya prajāpatisutāsutāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"nakarūpā mahāvīryā dīptimanto jayāvahāḥ","q":null}],"tr":"And those sons of Kṛśāśva, the sons born of the daughters of Prajāpati, of manifold forms, of great valour, radiant, bringers of victory —","w":[["te","those"],["'pi","also","api"],["putrāḥ","sons"],["kṛśāśvasya","of Kṛśāśva"],["prajāpatisutāsutāḥ","sons born of the daughters of Prajāpati","",[["prajāpati","Prajāpati"],["sutā","daughter"],["suta","son"]]],["nakarūpā","of manifold forms","naikarūpāḥ (na-eka-rūpāḥ)",[["na","not"],["eka","one"],["rūpa","form"]]],["mahāvīryā","of great valour","mahāvīryāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["vīrya","valour"]]],["dīptimanto","radiant","dīptimantaḥ",[["dīpti","radiance"],["-mat","possessing"]]],["jayāvahāḥ","bringers of victory","",[["jaya","victory"],["āvaha","bringing"]]]]},{"v":15,"ref":"1.020.015","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"jayā ca suprabhā caiva dakṣakanye sumadhyame","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"te suvāte 'straśastrāṇi śataṃ parama bhāsvaram","q":null}],"tr":"Jayā and Suprabhā, the two fair-waisted daughters of Dakṣa — the two bore a hundred weapons and arms, supremely brilliant.","w":[["jayā","Jayā"],["ca","and"],["suprabhā","Suprabhā"],["caiva","and","ca eva"],["dakṣakanye","the two daughters of Dakṣa","",[["dakṣa","Dakṣa"],["kanyā","daughter"]]],["sumadhyame","the two fair-waisted","",[["su","fair"],["madhyama","waist, middle"]]],["te","the two"],["suvāte","the two bore, gave birth"],["'straśastrāṇi","weapons and arms","astraśastrāṇi",[["astra","missile weapon"],["śastra","hand weapon, arms"]]],["śataṃ","a hundred"],["parama","supremely"],["bhāsvaram","brilliant, shining"]]},{"v":16,"ref":"1.020.016","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"pañcāśataṃ sutāṃl lebhe jayā nāma varān purā","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"vadhāyāsurasainyānām ameyān kāmarūpiṇaḥ","q":null}],"tr":"Jayā by name of old obtained fifty choice sons, immeasurable, able to take any form, for the slaughter of the armies of the asuras.","w":[["pañcāśataṃ","fifty"],["sutāṃl","sons","sutān"],["lebhe","obtained"],["jayā","Jayā"],["nāma","by name"],["varān","choice, 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overcoming"]]],["balīyasaḥ","exceedingly powerful"]]},{"v":18,"ref":"1.020.018","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"tāni cāstrāṇi vetty eṣa yathāvat kuśikātmajaḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"apūrvāṇāṃ ca janane śakto bhūyaś ca dharmavit","q":null}],"tr":"This son of Kuśika knows those weapons duly, and this knower of dharma is furthermore able in the creating of new ones.","w":[["tāni","those"],["cāstrāṇi","and the weapons","ca astrāṇi"],["vetty","knows","vetti"],["eṣa","he","eṣaḥ"],["yathāvat","duly, correctly"],["kuśikātmajaḥ","the son of Kuśika","",[["kuśika","Kuśika"],["ātmaja","son"]]],["apūrvāṇāṃ","of unprecedented (weapons)","",[["a-","not"],["pūrva","former, previous"]]],["ca","and"],["janane","in the creating, generating"],["śakto","able","śaktaḥ"],["bhūyaś","furthermore, moreover","bhūyaḥ"],["ca","and"],["dharmavit","the knower of dharma","",[["dharma","dharma"],["vid","knower"]]]]},{"v":19,"ref":"1.020.019","lines":[{"p":"a","t":"evaṃ vīryo mahātejā viśvāmitro mahātapāḥ","q":null},{"p":"c","t":"na rāmagamane rājan saṃśayaṃ gantum arhasi","q":null}],"tr":"Such is the might of the greatly splendoured Viśvāmitra of great austerity; you ought not, O king, to entertain doubt about Rāma's going.","w":[["evaṃ","such, thus"],["vīryo","of might","vīryaḥ"],["mahātejā","of great splendour","mahātejāḥ",[["mahā","great"],["tejas","splendour"]]],["viśvāmitro","Viśvāmitra","viśvāmitraḥ"],["mahātapāḥ","of great austerity","",[["mahā","great"],["tapas","austerity"]]],["na","not"],["rāmagamane","concerning Rāma's going","",[["rāma","Rāma"],["gamana","going, departure"]]],["rājan","O king"],["saṃśayaṃ","doubt"],["gantum","to go to, entertain"],["arhasi","you should"]]}]}